Let whole file load before clicking on a name.
This file is not to be copied, linked or reformatted to any other web pages except the Saline County, Arkansas Web Page.
Wilburn Henley ALLEN, farmer and stock raiser of Shaw Township, Saline County, Ark., first saw the light of day on November 4, 1848, in the little town of Benton, Ark. His parents, William D., born April 14, 1811, died December 6, 1871, and Rhoda (RAMSEY) ALLEN, born May 25, 1820, died June 3, 1880, were among the very early settlers of Benton, coming to that town in 1847. They were natives, respectively, of North Carolina and Georgia. William ALLEN moved to Georgia when but a young man, met the mother of our subject, and was married November 18, 1837. He also spent three months in the Florida War, taking part in the battle of Pea River, and being one of the force that removed the Indians from the territory. After his marriage he lived in Georgia seven years, after which, moving to Mississippi, he made that State his home until 1847. Coming to this State at the latter date he engaged in farming. He purchased the place one and one-half miles from Benton, known now as the Allen field, and later moved to Benton and opened a blacksmith shop which he ran in connection with farming. He was for years a member of the Masonic lodge at Benton, and together with his wife was a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. During the war he served in the commissary department of the Confederate army, but saw no active field service. After the Federal capture of Little Rock he followed the army in company with Col. Crawford. About 1863 he moved to Ouachita County for greater safety, returning to Saline when the war was closed. He spent the latter part of his life in retirement, dying from dropsy at the age of sixty. He was the father of ten children: George W. (born September 2, 1839, deputy sheriff of Grant County), Cynthia (wife of H. S. GLENN, a merchant of Benton, born November 27, 1841, died June 28, 1863), Sarah (wife of Dr. John W. COLE of Shaw Township, born January 15, 1844), Thomas J. (born January 17, 1846, died May 8, 1860), W. H. (the subject of this sketch), John W. (born January 11, 1851, died September 19, 1853), Uriah E. (born September 29, 1853, died August 20, 1868), Joseph B. (born September 25, 1856, died November 25, 1857) and Benjamin F. (born November 3, 1858, farms in Shaw Township). W. H. ALLEN was reared on a farm, spending his school days in the common schools of Saline County. At the age of twenty-one he began life for himself, but lived with his parents until his marriage, October 18, 1877. His wife was formerly Miss Mickey C. KINKEAD, daughter of Rev. James and Susana (HUGHES) KINKEAD, residents of Farmington, Mo. The father, a Cumberland Presbyterian minister, was born July 6, 1807, resided, labored and married in Missouri, dying near Irondale September 27, 1864. His wife, Susana (HUGHES) KINKEAD, was born November 25, 1817, in Missouri, the daughter of John HUGHES, a farmer and stock raiser, and an early settler of Southeastern Missouri. She was married the first time September 15, 1835. She survived her husband, and some years after his death moved to Illinois, where she married Spruce BOGGS. Two years later she again became a widow. She remained in Illinois until 1874, then coming to Saline County, where she died May 18, 1879, at the home of her son-in-law, Wilburn ALLEN, on the TOMLINSON place. Mrs. W. H. ALLEN was the eighth in a family of ten children: Eliza J.(born August 31, 1838, wife of John BEAN, a farmer of Irondale, Mo., died about 1875), J. M. (born May 18, 1840, is a mechanic, and lives in Mississippi), Mary N. (born February 6, 1842) James C. (born December 23, 1843, is deputy constable of Big Rock Township, Pulaski County, but lives in Benton, on the Hackersmith farm), Alex E. (born July 4, 1846, is constable of Big Rock Township, and lives in Little Rock), Susan S. (born August 8, 1848, is the wife of Newton MAXEY, a mechanic of Oak Grove, Ill.), Elizabeth (born October 4, 1850, is the wife of D. C. HAYS, postmaster at Benton, Ark.), Marthy F. (born June 12, 1854, is the wife of Hays MAXWELL, a farmer and mechanic of Irondale, Mo.), Mickey C. (wife of W. H. ALLEN, born September 8, 1856, and died September 30, 1889), and Eleanor (born November 6, 1858). Mr. Allen and wife became the parents of Clara Lillian (born August 16, 1858, died October 4, 1879), Finis Ewing (born December 9, 1879), Fiamen W. (born October 12, 1881, died August 6, 1882), Mickey Gertrude (born October 30, 1883), and George C. (born August 14, 1886). After his marriage Mr. ALLEN began farming on an inheritance of eighty acres from his father, on the Saline River, to which he added ten acres. In 1879 or 1880 he sold his farm and bought the eighty acres on which he now lives. He has about forty acres under cultivation, and has erected some excellent farm buildings. During the years 1887 and 1888 he was engaged as lumber contractor for the Brushe mill. Later he held an interest, and on September 9, 1889, sold out to his partner, S. H. GLOVER, and is now engaged as sawyer at the same mill. He is a member of the school board of his township, and votes with the Democratic party, though taking very little interest in politics. He is a member of Benton Lodge No. 34, A. F. & A. M., and (as did his wife) belongs to the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. Mr. ALLEN is classed with the most public-spirited men of Saline County. He is a liberal donator to all worthy public enterprises, and a zealous worker for the welfare of his adopted home. J. W. ASHBY, prominently identified with Benton's interests, was born in Floyd County, Ga., August 17, 1842, and is the son of John and Rebecca (WOODRUFF) ASHBY, natives of Virginia and North Carolina, respectively. John ASHBY was born in Princess Ann County, on October 11, 1800, and was of the old Virginia stock. He was reared to the occupation of farming, which he continued all his life, and in the fall of 1858 emigrated to Claiborne Parish, North Louisiana, where he spent the remainder of his days. Himself and wife were devout members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He was called to his long home in 1864, and his wife (who married again) survived until 1878. J. W. ASHBY is the eighth of a family of ten children, six of whom are still living: Elizabeth (wife of Mr. JOHNSON, a prosperous farmer of Texas), G. W. ( a farmer living in Louisiana), Annette (wife of J. F. HAMITER, a farmer of Hempstead County, Ark.), Amanda (wife of Robert SCOTT, a farmer, and one of the early settlers of Saline County, having lived here since 1834), Nancy (wife of George KING, a farmer and stockman of Texas), J. M. (the eldest of the brothers, a man of family, who died in the army at Monroe, La., in 1863), William (a farmer, living in Saline County, Ark.), Lucinda (who married John Nelson, and died in 1872), William (died at the age of thirty-four, in 1867, in Louisiana), and Mary (died in childhood while her parents were living in Georgia). J. W. was educated in the common schools of Georgia, and was reared to farm life, but in his early manhood learned the carpenter and blacksmith trade. At the age of twenty-two, and in the spring of 1862, he enlisted in Company G, Twelfth Louisiana Infantry, Col. Scott's Regiment. He served three years and four months, participating in the engagements of Baker's Creek, Jackson, and the bombardment of Fort Hudson. He was with Hood on his Georgia and Tennessee campaigns, and while in the latter was in the battles of Franklin and Nashville, then in the encounter at Kingston and later on at Bentonville. He was paroled at Greensboro, N.C., on April 26, 1865. After the close of the was Mr. ASHBY returned to North Louisiana to take care of his mother and her family, and did not leave her until her second marriage. He then came to Arkansas and there won his bride, Miss Mary SCOTT, their marriage occurring in 1868. Returning with his bride to Louisiana, he remained there till December, 1869, when the temptation to get back to Arkansas became so great that he again located and purchased a large farm. This place consisted of 120 acres of new land, with little or no improvement, but this did not discourage him in the least, for he immediately set to work and made so many improvements that old surroundings would hardly have been recognized. For thirteen years Mr. ASHBY remained on this farm, but in 1882 he moved to Benton and erected a home, opening a store of general merchandise, and also engaging in the undertaker's business, which he has successfully conducted to the present time. In 1885 he sold his land, and since then has devoted his whole attention to the mercantile business. Mr. And Mrs. ASHBY have four children: Edna (born March 3, 1871, at present attending boarding school in Kentucky), Bertie (born July 7, 1874, attending school at Benton), Pearl (born October 13, 1879, also at school), and Robert (born February 13, 1883). Mr. ASHBY is a member of Benton Lodge No. 1319, and himself and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Benton. He honors the Democratic party with his vote, but is conservative on the subject of politics. He has served as a member of his school board and always takes an active interest in any enterprise that is for the good of his town or county, and is a man that has the respect of the entire community. Philip J. BRADFIELD, Prominent among the enterprising and popular men of this section is Philip J. BRADFIELD, a well known merchant and farmer, and the son of John H. and Sarah E. (BENNETT) BRADFIELD. He was born in Hamilton County, Tenn., May 19, 1861. John H. Bradfield was also a native of Tennessee, his birth occurring June 16, 1830. He was reared a farmer, and made that his life's work; a man of common school education, for years he held the position of magistrate, being a Democrat, politically, but not an enthusiast. He was married September 10, 1857, to Miss BENNETT, and they were the parents of ten children, five of whom survive, as follows: William C. (a farmer of Jefferson Township), J. L. (a farmer, but now a student of Benton Collegiate High School), Louisa E. (living with her mother on the old homestead in this county), Leon L. (also at home) and Philip (the subject of this sketch). Mr. BRADFIELD, Sr., came with his family to this State, by rail as far as Memphis, thence on board the "Thomas H. Allen," a river steamer via the Mississippi and Arkansas Rivers, landing at Little Rock, February 20, 1871. From the latter place Shaw Township, Saline County, was easily reached, and after a residence there of two years they moved to Jefferson Township, where the father bought a tract of 182 acres of partly improved land. He added to this from time to time until he owned 153 acres, improving it to a great extent, and at the time of his death, in 1881, was preparing to build a new residence. He was a member of the Masonic fraternity, and respected by all who knew him. His estimable wife still lives at the old homestead, and is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. Philip J. was reared to farm life, and spent his younger days in the common schools of Saline County. When in his twentieth year he took the management of his mother's farm. On February 5, 1884, he led to the hymeneal altar Miss Faithie A. ROBERTS, daughter of T. J. ROBERTS, and a native of Saline County. To this union two children have been born: Ida May (born March 6, 1885) and Essie Mand (born April 17, 1888). After his marriage Mr. BRADFIELD resumed farming and homesteaded 120 acres adjoining his mother's place, which he immediately began to improve. He also owns a part of the old homestead. In 1887, purchasing a fine stock of goods, he opened a store on his farm, and since that time has conducted his mercantile business with encouraging success. In 1886 he was elected justice of the peace in his township, and still holds that office, to the entire satisfaction of those concerned. He is president of the school board and a member of the board of equalization for Saline County, in session at Benton. He is a member of Paran Lodge No. 309, A. F. & A. M., also of the Jefferson Lodge No. 55, I. O. G. T., in which latter he has held nearly every office. Mr. and Mrs. BRADFIELD are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. Mr. BRADFIELD votes with the Democrats, and exerts considerable influence in the township and county politically. He has given not a little attention to journalistic work since 1881, attaining an enviable reputation in that line. He first began this work as local correspondent for the Benton Courier, and is still holding that position. In January, 1885, he wrote an article for the "Farmer and Mechanic," entitled "Our Neglected Resources," which was published in the regular edition of that paper. It was re-published in the 50,000 edition of the paper, and the attention it received, together with the criticisms, which were all that one could desire, combined to show that the writer was of unusual ability and an honor to the literary world. He was appointed April 2, 1887, as special correspondent of the Daily Arkansas Gazette, both by mail and wire, and was sent by that paper to visit Montgomery County, Ark., during the mining excitement there in 1887. He also prepared the article for the Bear City edition of the Gazette, and has contributed largely to other papers, the Benton Review, and Farm and Fireside, of Springfield, Ohio. He has served a s a member of the Democratic central committee for the last six year. Mr. BRADFIELD is one of those young men rapidly coming to the front, and the citizens of Jefferson Township have just cause to feel proud of such a one in their midst. He is public-spirited, and takes an active part in, and gives his earnest support to all enterprises for the good of the public. William BRENTS, at one time a leading farmer and well known hotel keeper in Saline County, but at present retired, was born in what is now Marshall County, Tenn., in the year 1811, and is a son of Thomas and Jane (McWHURTER) BRENTS, natives of Kentucky, but who were very early settlers of Marshall (formerly Lincoln) County, Tenn., where they spent the remainder of the lives. The father was a successful farmer and a prominent citizen of that county, and in religious belief was a member of the Christian Church. He served with distinction in the Revolutionary War, and was with Gen. Jackson at the battle of New Orleans. His father was John BRENTS, one of the early settlers of Kentucky, where his death occurred at an advanced age. The maternal grandfather, James McWHURTER, was of Irish origin, and also fought in the War of 1812. William BRENTS, the principal of this sketch, and the fourth of four sons and four daughters born to his parents, was reared on his father's far. He was educated in the public schools of his birthplace and acquired a good English training, being instructed in the duties of farm life by his father. When twenty-one years of age he was married to Mahala, a daughter of Robert and Lucy EWING, by whom he had ten children, of whom one son and three daughters are yet living: Harriet (widow of Frank SHOEMAKER), Malvina (wife of Thomas DELAMER, residing in Texas), Robert E., and Siff (wife of Alfred TRAMMELL, residing near Eldorado). Mr. BRENTS lost his first wife, and in January, 1868, was married to Mrs. Xalisco DICKENSON, an estimable widow, and daughter of Robert STRIBLING. The lady was born in Georgia, but came to Arkansas with her parents when three years old, and settled in Hot Spring County, where her father and mother both died. One child was born to her marriage with Mr. BRENTS, Lily. Mr. BRENTS was one of the first settlers of Saline County, having come here in 1844, and he has made it his home ever since. The year following his arrival he purchased a farm near Benton, which he still owns, and has accumulated altogether about 550 acres of fertile land, with some 200 acres under cultivation, all of it being the result of his individual effort and good management. He is noted above all things for his enterprise, as is illustrated by the fact that on the second day of his arrival he opened up a hotel, which was afterward one of the most noted in Central Arkansas, continuing in that business until the war. After that event he turned his attention to farming with equal success until his retirement from active life. His industry and energy have won the respect and admiration of the entire community, and he can now rest content with the knowledge that he has done his share toward the development and improvement of Saline County. In politics he is a stanch Democrat, having cast his first presidential vote for Jackson in 1832, and for every presidential candidate since that time except during the war. Before that period he followed the trade of harness and saddle-maker in connection with his other interests. James A. BROWN, a well known, influential citizen, and one of the most prominent planters of Saline County, was born in Lincoln County, Tenn., in 1829, and is the son of John and Nancy BROWN, born in North Carolina in 1807 and in Tennessee in 1825, respectively. The parents were married in Lincoln County, and a few years after their union, moved to Fayette County, West Tenn., where they resided until the year 1853, then coming to Arkansas. The father was a prosperous farmer during his life and for many years a captain of militia. His wife, a devout Christian woman, died in 1853, and he followed her two years later. He was a son of James BROWN, of North Carolina, one of the earliest settlers of Lincoln County, Tenn., who resided in that State the remainder of his life. The paternal grandfather, James BROWN, came from Ireland to America in his boyhood and first settled in North Carolina, and afterward in Lincoln County, Tenn., where he died in 1830. Champion BLITHE, the maternal grandfather, was a Kentuckian by birth, and in an early day fought the Spaniards at Santa Day. The remainder of his was spent on the frontier of Texas fighting against savage tribes. James A., the second of six children born to his parents, received his education in the log cabin school of his day. He started out in the world for himself when only fourteen years old, and at the age of eighteen was assistant overseer of a large plantation, having entire charge of over 100 slaves. In 1851 he was married in Shelby County, Tenn., to Virginia, a daughter of Payton and Sarah FLETCHER of Kentucky, who settled in Tennessee after their marriage, the father becoming one of the largest planters in Shelby County. Mr. FLETCHER was also a soldier in one of the Indian wars. Mr. And Mrs. BROWN were the parents of seven children, of whom two only are living: William H. (born in 1857, educated in Benton, Ark., and Shelby County, Tenn., and married in 1888 to Miss Edna E. HOOKER, of Shelby County), and Thomas Jefferson (born in 1864, also educated in Benton, Ark., and Shelby County, Tenn., and at Little Rock; married March 7, 1889, to Miss Maggie L. WILDER, of Georgia, who came to Benton, Ark., with her parents, the latter now residing in Texas). The following year after his marriage, Mr. BROWN came to Arkansas and settled in the wilds about twenty miles below Little Rock, which was then the nearest post office and trading point. Here he opened up a small clearing and built himself a slab cabin, and one of his greatest pleasures is to recall the many happy hours spent in that primitive habitation. The country was overrun with wild animals at that time and may a night he was forced to get out of bed and let the dogs in to keep them from being eaten by wolves. During the first year he killed twenty-two bear besides a quantity of other game, and on one occasion stood in his door with a shot-gun and killed seven wild turkeys at one shot. Wild deer were then more plenty than the domestic hog of today, and the delicious venison now sold for exorbitant prices was the a common fare. Mr. BROWN was an ardent hunter, but never let his fascination for that sport interfere with his other duties, and the severest weather did not hinder him from improving his farm and building up his place. He cultivated about 250 acres of fine bottom land, which, on his arrival had been covered with a dense growth of timber, and has done perhaps as much hard work as any man in Arkansas. He now owns 3,200 acres of fine bottom land, having placed some 600 acres under cultivation, all accumulated by his own energy and judicious management; besides this he was a considerable loser by the Civil War. He now employs about 100 people on his place and operates his own gin and store. In earlier days Mr. BROWN was engaged in rafting lumber down the Arkansas and Mississippi Rivers, and after getting through with his season's business made the journey back home on foot through the wildest and most unsettled portion of the country. In politics he was a Whig until after the war, and now votes the Democratic ticket. For eight years he held the office of justice of the peace and filled the position with great dignity and wisdom. He has been a member of Penington Lodge No. 273, A. F. & A. M., at Hensley since 1865, and has been junior and senior warden, treasurer and junior deacon. His sons also belong to the same lodge. A.B. BURKS, one of the oldest and most prosperous stock raisers and farmers in Liberty Township, Saline County, Ark., was born in Wayne County, Tenn., the son of Harrison and Sarah (YOCUM) BURKS, natives, respectively, of North Carolina and Kentucky. Harrison BURKS came to Tennessee when a small boy and was educated in the country schools and reared on a farm. In 1854, at the age of fifty-five years, he came to Arkansas, buying eighty acres of land in this township, where he remained until his death ten years later. Besides his original purchase he entered eighty acres more, and dealt quite extensively in fast horses, being a lover of racing. He was married about 1817, and became the father of nine children, five of whom are now living: George W. (deceased, whose family reside in this county), A. B. (our subject), James (living in this county), William (in Fair Play Township, this county), Mary (wife of John RUSSELL, of Garland County, Ark.), and P. L. (of this township). Mrs. BURKS died in 1868, having been a member of the Baptist Church. Mr. BURKS took quite and active interest in politics, as a Democrat, though he was not an office seeker. At the age of eighteen, A. B. BURKS commenced life for himself as a farmer on rented land in Tennessee, which he farmed for sic years. In 1854 he came to this State with his father, settling in this county and township. He rented land to put in his first crop, but in October of the same year purchased his present property consisting of eighty acres, with twenty acres improved. He has since added 120 acres, making a fine farm of 200 acres with 150 improved, upon which are a splendid frame residence, barns, outhouses, etc. He makes a specialty of raising stock and grain, leaving cotton to his neighbors. He has a large number of cattle and other stock. In 1861 Mr. BURKS joined the Confederate army as a private, being promoted to sergeant of his company. He linked his fortune with Company F, Third Arkansas Cavalry, commanded by Col. E. BOWLIN of Little Rock, and during the fore part of the war was stationed on the west side of the river, but in 1862 his command crossed the river and took part in the battles of Chickamauga, Corinth, Iuka, Franklin, Knoxville, Dalton, Savannah, and a number of minor engagements. He was surrendered near Greenville, N. C., and paroled at Chester, S. C. Starting home May 7, 1865, he arrived June 15, and found his family in a fair condition, but he, himself, was bankrupt, having nothing left except his place. Beginning at once to farm, he has kept it up to the present day. Just before returning from the war, Mr. BURKS drew 95 cents in silver from the Confederate treasurer, which he still retains. He says he worked four years for 95 cents, and he expects to keep it all his life. What property he now owns has been accumulated since the war. He was married in 1848 to Miss Mary A. MAY, daughter of John and Elizabeth (POLK) MAY, natives of Tennessee, and the parents of seven children (three of whom are now living): Henry (in McNairy County, Tenn.), Mary A. (wife of A. B. BURKS), James (deceased, whose family resides in Izard County, Ark.), Joshua (deceased), and Emily (wife of Wesley HENSLEY, in Searcy County, Ark.). Mr. John MAY died many years ago, Mrs. MAY passing away in 1837. Mr. and Mrs. BURKS have seven children: Louisa (wife of W. M. GRANT), Nancy (wife of E.M. HUNNICUTT), Sarah (wife of G. W. GRANT), Tennessee (wife of William HOWARD), James, Emily, and Josephine (deceased). Politically, Democratic, Mr. BURKS is a member of the A. F. & A. M., and a strong supporter of churches, schools and benevolent and public enterprises, always lending a hand to any scheme that will upbuild his county and State. Frederick W. BUSH, a prominent druggist and apothecary of Benton, was born in Cassel, in the State of Prussia, Germany, on January 30, 1837, and is the second son of a family of five children born to Heinrich and Marie (SHOPPACH) BUSH. Heinrich BUSH was a lawyer, or prosecuting attorney, and also carried on an extensive probate business, but owning to the rebellion in Germany, in 1848, he came to America and joined his brother-in-law, John W. SHOPPACH, at Benton. The climate of this country not agreeing with him, he expired of a congestive chill, within five miles of Benton, in the summer of 1849. His wife's death occurred in 1885. She was the sister of J. W. SHOPPACH, who for years was an officer of Saline County. Frederick W. spent his early days in Cassel, and was educated in the schools of that city. When fifteen years of age he was apprenticed to a harness and saddle manufacturer, where he remained for three years. The third year he received wages, owing to his ability as a salesman, something that was not usually done. After having become proficient in his trade, he determined to engage in business for himself. Perhaps the correspondence with his uncle, or the love of a Republican government may have decided him to renounce his citizenship, for he took passage in a sailing vessel for America, and arrived here after a tiresome journey of eight weeks. Though the trip was long, and two severe storms were encountered, his ambition was not impaired, and he arrived in New Orleans in December, 1855. He heralded his arrival in Benton on Christmas day, of 1855, two months after which he engaged in the harness and saddlery business, with fair success. His business increased to such an extent that he was obliged to secure the services of several men to supply the demand, but the war breaking out he felt it his duty to fight for his adopted country, and so placed business affairs in the hands of his brother-in-law, George H. STRATMAN, and offered himself to the First Arkansas Infantry (Col. James FAGAN; later general), in April, 1861. He participated in the battles of Manassas, Shiloh (where he was wounded by gunshot in the left arm), Chickamauga, and New Hope Church. At the latter point he was again wounded, this time in the right shoulder. He was also in the engagements at Murfreesboro, Franklin, Nashville, and at Spring Hill. After the Nashville fight, Mr. BUSH was not in any regular engagement. He was once taken prisoner, but escaped within three hours, and finally with his company was surrendered in May, 1865. After a few weeks in Georgia Mr. BUSH returned to Benton, only to find his home desolated by the unpitying hand of war. Federal troops had appropriated his stock of goods, and his home had been used as headquarters for the quartermaster's department. This would have discouraged many, but, with renewed determination, he immediately opened a stock of liquors and groceries, and continued in this branch until 1875, when he sold out and engaged in the drug business. This he has since carried on, with signal success. Mr. BUSH's sister, Eliza, is the wife of George STRATMAN, a large shoe and boot dealer in Little Rock. Emily died in New Orleans, while on her way to this State in company with her brother. Charles Conrad, the youngest child, who came to Benton, started to California in 1858, and since that time has not been heard from. In November, 1867, Mr. BUSH was married to Miss Margaret Angeline LANE, a daughter of James B. LANE, one of the pioneers of Arkansas. She was born in Benton, August 22, 1848. They have the following family: Joanna E. (born September 25, 1871), Frederick Carl (born February 22, 1877), Ernest James (born December 25, 1886), Mary Williams (born July 2, 1869, and died September 14, 1870), Callie O. (born May 28, 1873, and died October 8, 1877). In addition to his store, Mr. BUSH has considerable land, owning 360 acres, with sixty under cultivation. He rents farms to tenants, who are evidently good ones, judging from the excellent condition in which the land is kept. He has held the office of school director for four years, also mayor for four years in Benton, and was alderman and treasurer for a long period. The latter position he is holding at the present time, having for six years been deputy county treasurer. Mr. BUSH is a member of Benton Lodge No. 34, A. F. & A. M., also of Saline Lodge No. 1319, K. of H., being treasurer of the latter. He and his family are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, and he is one of the trustees. Baird's Institute (a flourishing private school in Benton) counts him as one of its trustees, H. T. CALDWELL and himself having been the originators of this institution. Mr. BUSH has always been a leader in enterprises looking to general improvement, especially in the support of churches, school, etc. JOSEPH M. CHENNAULT, farmer and stock raiser of Dyer Township, Saline County, was born in St. Clair County, Ala., in 1827. William, his father, was a native of Tennessee, and his wife of South Carolina. The elder CHENNAULT, moved to Alabama while still quite a boy, settling in Madison County, whence he moved to St. Clair County. He was a prominent farmer and owned a large number of negroes. His marriage occurred in 1820, and fourteen children were born to him, eleven of whom lived until maturity, but Joseph M. is the only survivor. The names of this family were John (deceased, whose family is in Texas), Mary (deceased, wife of W. HUTCHISON), Rutha (deceased, wife of R. BAZILE, family now in Perry County, this State), J. M. (our subject), Nancy A. (deceased wife of Mr. DYER, family in Saline County), Thomas (deceased, whose family live in this county), Sarah A. (deceased, wife of K. JAMES, family in Saline County), William J. (deceased, his wife residing in Perry County, Ark.), Stephen M. (deceased, family in Saline County), and Amos (deceased). Mr. CHENNAULT lived until 1865, and his wife up to 1871, both meeting their death in this county. He came to this State in 1836, and settled in Saline County, where he was known politically, as a Union-Democrat. Himself and wife were members of the Missionary Baptist Church. When twenty years of age J. M. CHENNAULT began existence for himself. His school days had been spent in the county at limited district schools, the education here derived being subsequently improved by self-application. At the age of twenty years he was married to Miss Nancy A. JAMES, and three children were born to them, two now living: William M. (who lives in Garland County), and John (in Saline County). Mr. CHENNAULT was married the second time to Miss Caroline WATERS, who became the mother of five children: Mary A. (wife of John JAMES), Eliza (wife of L. P. KATE), Sarah (wife of W. P. CALDWELL), Joseph M., Jr., and Thomas (at home). Mrs. CHENNAULT died in March, 1877, as a member of the Missionary Baptist Church. In 1888, Mr. CHENNAULT was again married, to Miss Susan GERIN. He was in the Confederate army during the war as a member of Capt. Adams' Company, afterward joining the cavalry, and served until 1865, participating in the battle at Poison Springs and Marks' Mill. He was also with Gen. Price on his raid through Missouri in 1864-65, taking part in a number of skirmishes. His discharge occurred in Navarro County, Tex., after which he came home and commenced farming to replenish his fortune shattered by the war. He now owns 180 acres of land, with sixty acres under cultivation, situated on the Middle Fork of Saline River, forming one of the best stocked farms in this section. He is a Democrat, and his wife in a member of the Missionary Baptist Church. D. M. CLOUD, attorney and counselor at law at Benton, and also mayor of that place, was the second oldest of six children born to M. M. and L. J. (HAYNES) CLOUD, the former of whom came to the State from East Tennessee (to Saline County) in 1842. He walked from below the Arkansas Post on the Arkansas River (where a keel boat had grounded upon which he had taken passage at the mouth of the river, the price paid for passage being a cub bear) to the head waters of Saline now Garland County. There he worked on a farm for one year. He then went to work in a tanyard, continuing for two years, but in 1844 went to Benton and opened a tanyard, also purchasing some land. He was married in 1845 to Miss L. J. HAYNES, and made Benton his home until his death, which occurred in 1859. Mr. CLOUD took a prominent part in politics, being an earnest Democrat, and was county treasurer and also common school commissioner. He was a member of the Masonic order. His excellent wife still survives him at Benton. D. M. CLOUD was educated in the public schools of Benton, and during the war served a while in the Confederate service, beginning when he was fifteen years of age. He was in the battles of Poison Springs, Marks Mill, and many other small skirmishes, and was taken prisoner by the Seventh Missouri, United States Cavalry, being confined at Little Rock, Rock Island, Ill., and New Orleans. Exchanged February 23, 1865, at the mouth of the Red River, he returned to the Southern army, but did no other service of consequence, and was paroled on June 9, 1865, coming thence to his desolated home at Benton. He attended school for a few months, afterward taught and read law, worked on a farm for two or three years, and was then employed as a clerk in a store at Little Rock and other places for some time. Becoming engaged in the grocery business at Mulberry, he thus continued until 1881, when he returned to Benton and resumed the study of the law, being admitted to the bar in September, 1882. He has since practiced his profession in this and adjoining counties, and enjoys about the best and most lucrative practice of any lawyer in Saline County. Mr. CLOUD took a very active part in the temperance movement in 1884, and greatly to his efforts are the temperance people indebted for the overthrow of the liquor traffic in this county. He was a candidate, in 1886, for the office of prosecuting attorney of the Seventh judicial circuit, but was defeated by an excellent gentleman, Hon. J. P. HENDERSON, who was then the incumbent. In 1888 he again became a candidate, but owing to the unsettled condition of the then existing politics withdrew from the canvass in order to take part in saving his party from defeat in his county for the Congressional and State ticket, he being an uncompromising Democrat. Mr. CLOUD is a member of Benton Lodge No. 34, A. F. & A. M., and was worshipful master of that lodge in 1888. He was taken into the Masonic order in Magnolia Lodge No. 60, located at Little Rock, Ark., in February, 1872. His marriage was in 1870 to Miss Martha H. CHASTAIN, who was born in Marietta, GA. She was the daughter of B. L. CHASTAIN, now residing in Comanche County, Kas., engaged in farming. Mr. CLOUD has a family of four children: Edward Leon, Charles Madison, Myrle and Bernice. Mr. and Mrs. CLOUD are members of the Baptist Church. The former is now serving his town as school director, and is president of the school board. He says that he expects to live out his days in Arkansas, and most likely in Saline County, where he is held in high esteem. John L. COLLAT owns a large farm and is engaged in general farming and stock raising. He was born in the year 1838, being the oldest of ten children in the family of Robert K. and Eliza (COLLINS) COLLAT, the former of whom was a native of Alabama, where he was married. Afterward moving to Georgia he opened up a large plantation which he sold in 1853 and removed to Saline County, Ark., settling on Saline River in what is now Traskwood Township, and took up a claim on which he resided until his death in 1856. His beloved wife passed from life within one week of his death leaving a family of ten children, one of whom was a babe only three days old, which was reared by an older sister, and one other child died during the same month. The family consisted of John L. (the subject of this sketch), William H. (who is married and resides in Saline Township), Taylor (also married and resides in Traskwood, being a merchant by occupation), Minerva (now Mrs. FEWELL living near Benton), Eliza (Mrs. TIDWELL, in Pulaski, the infant referred to), and five other children who are now deceased. John L. COLLAT at the time of his parents' death was only seventeen years old and having his brothers and sisters to care for, he secured homes for them and broke up housekeeping. He commenced farming for himself at the age of twenty- three, and in 1861 was married to Lousia MONTGOMERY, a daughter of Thomas and Mary (CLAUTON) MONTGOMERY; Mrs. COLLAT was born on the farm on which they at this time reside. Mr. MONTGOMERY was a native of Tennessee and emigrated to Arkansas in 1830, settling in what is now Saline County, and taking a claim on which he resided at the time of his death in 1856, his wife surviving him until 1885. Mr. COLLAT after his marriage located in Saline Township, entered a tract of land of eighty acres, to which he afterward added another eighty, and on which he made his home for the next ten years. He enlisted in 1862, at Benton, under Capt. Adams in the Twenty-fifth Arkansas Infantry, for the period of twelve months. After the battle of Corinth the company reorganized when Mr. COLLAT again enlisted for three years or during the war. He served two years in the Trans-Mississippi Regiment (infantry) and eighteen months in the cavalry service, being discharged in Texas in 1865, and returning to Saline County. In 1871 he sold his homestead and bought a farm of 270 acres, of which forty were under cultivation. He has erected a fine frame residence and made other improvements, besides clearing most of the remainder of his farm. He is a member of Benton Lodge No. 34, A. F. & A. M., in which he has held the office of S. D., and also belongs to Saline Lodge No. 1317, Knights of Honor. Mr. COLLAT and his wife have a family of eight children: William (married), Mary (now Mrs. COTE), Thomas (married), Sophronia, Frank, Martha, Henry and David, all of whom reside in Saline County. Mr. COLLAT is a man of great energy and industry, and though having been obliged to make his own way in the world, has done so with great credit to himself. W. H. COLLAT, a farmer of Saline Township, Saline County, was born in Polk County, GA, in 1846, being the fifth son in a family of eleven children born to Robert and Eliza (COLLINS) COLLATT. Robert COLLATT was a native of Georgia, and came to Saline County, Ark., in 1855, settling on a farm in Shaw Township, on which he lived until his death in 1857. His wife only survived him two weeks, both dying of pneumonia. Mr. COLLATT was a small boy at the time of his parents' death. After his father's demise the estate was sold at an administrator's sale, and the son then went to live with Mr. John PETTON, where he remained for five years, receiving an education in the district schools. In 1864 he enlisted for one year in Capt. Tilford's Eleventh Arkansas Cavalry, and while in service was engaged in many skirmishes, finally being paroled at Fulton on the Red River in June, 1865. Mr. COLLATT later engaged in farming in Pulaski County on the Arkansas River in 1867. He was married, in 1873, in Saline County, to Margaret WHITE, daughter of William W. and Elizabeth (MONTGOMERY) WHITE, who came here from Alabama at an early day. Mrs. WHITE died in February, 1885. Mr. COLLATT made his first purchase of land in 1872 when he bought eighty acres of timber which he cleared and in 1888 sold. He now owns a good farm of thirty acres on the Saline River, and also 156 acres near Benton, besides a place of 186 acres (100 acres of which are under cultivation) and ten acres in Benton where he resides. He is a stanch Democrat, though not especially active politically, and has been a member of the school board for some six or eight years. He is the father of six children: Oliver Walter, James Virgil, Hallie Homer, Hattie Hester, Lena Louis and Vinnie Verna. Mr. COLLATT has witnesses and taken an individual part in the growth and advancement of Benton from the first. He remembers when only one business house was in the place, and when the farmers in the neighborhood were obliged to go ten or fifteen miles on horseback to the mill. Thomas Y. Craig, a farmer and merchant of Brazil, Holland Township, carries a full line of general merchandise, and enjoys a lucrative patronage. He was born in Seneca County, S. C., in 1844, and was the third son in a family of four children born to William and Francis Deshield Craig. The father was a South Carolina farmer, who in 1859 emigrated to Arkansas with his family, and settled in Hempstead County, where be purchased a piece of land and improved it. He was a prominent Democrat of the community in his day. His death occurred in 1870, his widow following him in about two years. They were the parents of the following children: Nancy (now Hire. Compton, who resides in Hempstead County, Ark.), Jane (now Mrs. Simpson, also of Hempstead County), Thomas Y. (the subject of this article), and Franklin (who is married and resides in Hempstead County, being engaged in farming). Thomas Y. Craig was reared to farm life, being educated in the subscription schools of South Carolina. He accompanied his parents to Hempstead County in 1850, resuming farm labor, and in 1861 enlisted in Capt. Neal's company, in the Nineteenth Arkansas Infantry, at Nashville for one year, at the end of which time he reenlisted in the same regiment to serve during the war. He was in the battle of Wilson's Creek and a number of noted engagements, when he was taken prisoner and sent to Chicago, where he was kept for four months, at the end of that time being exchanged and forwarded to City Point, Va., and then to Richmond. Following this he participated in the battles of Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, Dalton, Atlanta and others. In 1865 he was paroled and returned to Hempstead County, where he again engaged in farming until the following year, when be went to Little Rock and learned the trade of carpentering, following it until 1876. Mr. Craig was married in Little Rock, in 1870, to Sarah Ray, a native of Alabama. By that union two children were born, who are both living: Alena and Nora. This wife died in 1878, and in 1879 he married, in Pulaski County, Miss Emily Bosher, of that county. They were the parents of the following children: Zephyr, Cora, Steen, Ola, Effie and Frank. In 1876 Mr. Craig bought a partly improved farm in Saline County of 380 acres, 100 of which were under cultivation. He now has over 200 acres improved, having added attractive surroundings to the farm. He raises large crops of grain and cotton, as well as fine cattle and mules. He is a member of Paran Lodge No. 319, A. F. & A. M., in which he has held the office of worshipful master. Mr. Craig takes an active part in all educational work and interests of an enterprising nature. Capt. Augustus A. Crawford, county and probate judge of Saline County, and also a prominent planter of that locality, was born in Rhea County, East Tenn., March 31, 1838, and is a son of Robert B. and Olivia (Howard) Crawford, whose birth occurred in the same State in 1808 and 1817, respectively. The parents were married there in the year 1820, making it their home until 1833, when they moved to Russell County, Ala., where the father died in 1813, the mother afterward marrying a Mr. Lockhard, who died some years later. She has since remained a widow and resides in Georgia at the present time with a daughter. Her father, Abraham Howard, of Virginia, was one of the earliest settlers of Rhea County, Tenn., and a prosperous farmer of that place, where be resided until his decease. The senior Crawford was also a farmer, and an influential citizen of Rhea County during his residence in that place. He had three brothers and two sisters living in Saline County, Ark., one of whom (Hon William A. Crawford) at one time represented that county in the legislature, and for six years was its sheriff. Augustus A. was the third of four sons and one daughter born to his parents, all of whom, except himself, have died. One brother (Rev. Robert B. Crawford, of Alabama) was among the most noted Methodist divines in that State, and a man who spoke from the pulpit with marvelous power. Augustus was the only son . who came to Saline County; previous to settling here he had worked on a farm, having also for two years taken up the carpenter's trade, which calling he followed at Benton and Little Rock during the first year of his arrival. His advantages for schooling were limited, as he had to work for the neighboring farmers during youth in order to pay his, way, but his natural shrewdness and ability manifested themselves sooner, perhaps, than if he had absorbed more book knowledge, and exercised less talent. In March, 1860, he was married to Miss Martha J. Rowan, a daughter of Thomas and Ruth Rowan, of Alabama, who were among the earliest settlers of Saline County, where both parents died. Ten children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Crawford (four sons and six daughters), all of whom are living. Mr. Crawford continued to reside in Benton and vicinity until 1874, when he settled on his present place, now owning about 120 acres of productive land and has placed sixty acres under cultivation. His prosperity is all due entirely to his individual effort and good management, he having started in life for himself at fourteen years of age with but little, if anything. He also owns another tract of thirty seven acres, comprising some of the best land in this section, all situated about six miles northeast of Benton. During the war he enlisted in Company D, Eleventh Arkansas Infantry, operating principally in Missouri and Tennessee, and after the battle of Belmont was promoted to the rank of captain. On April 8, 1862, be was captured at Tiptonville and imprisoned at Camp Chase for a short time, and then taken to Johnson's Island, where he was confined until the following September, when he was taken to Vicksburg and exchanged. He at once rejoined his regiment and was promptly made captain of the same company, holding that rank until the close of the war. During his service Capt. Crawford took part in the battles of Baker's Creek, Port Hudson, Jackson, Miss., Clinton, La., Atlanta, Ga., and from there was sent buck into the western territory to join Gen. Wirt Adams. In 1811 he was transferred to the Trans-Mississippi Department in Gen. Fagan's division, and operated in Arkansas and Louisiana, and in May of the following year surrendered to Capt. L. B. Nash, at Benton, who was then provost? marshal Capt. Crawford was at once arrested for treason, but the case was nolleproscquied. From 1858 to 1860 he was deputy sheriff under his uncle, and from 1859 to 1860 was also tax collector. He served as justice of the peace from 1878 to 1882 in Bryant Township, and in 1884 was elected county and probate judge to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Judge Barton Howard. Since then he has been re-elected twice, and has filled the office with a dignity and wisdom that has never been surpassed in Saline County. In politics he is a stanch Democrat, and from 1880 to 1888 was a delegate to the State convention. In secret societies he is a member of Bryant Lodge No. 441, A. F. & A. M., and is the present secretary of his lodge. He and wife both attend the Missionary Baptist Church, and are leaders in aiding all religious and other worthy enterprises. W. H. Crudgington, one of the leading farmers of Perkins Township, Saline County, was born in Jefferson County in 1850, and is a son of George W. and Ann (Moore) Crudgington, the former born near Knoxville, Tenn., and the latter near Tuscaloosa, Ala. The parents were married in the latter State, and resided there until the year 1848, when they moved to Jefferson County, Ark., and in 1850 came to Pulaski County, where the father died in 1858, his wife following him to the grave on October 13, 1808. He was a successful farmer during his life, and an upright, conscientious man in all his dealings. W. H. Crudgington, the youngest of six children born to the parents, received a good English education in the public schools of his native State. When eighteen years old he commenced in life for himself. being employed in one of the prominent business houses of Jefferson County for some years, and afterward in Saline County. In 1883 he was married to Mary A., daughter of Washington McCool, of Alabama, who moved to ()rant County at an early period with his family. Mr. McCool was a soldier in the Confederate army (during the Civil War, and after that event returned to Grant County, where be died a few years later, as did also his wife. Two children were born to Mr. Crudgington's marriage, both sons. Since the war he has lived in Perkins Township, where he owns eighty acres of fertile bottom land, and has placed about fifty acres under cultivation. This be has made by his own individual effort and good management, and he is now looked upon as one of the leading citizens and most substantial farmers of that section. In 1885 be was notary public, but resigned that office to be assessor of Saline County, filling the vacancy caused by the removal of J. L. Crabtree. He was also postmaster of Hensley in 1888, and has filled every public office he held to the entire satisfaction of the people. In politics he is a stanch Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Greeley, in 1871. He is a member of Pennington Lodge No. 273, A. F. & A. M., at Hensley, and was secretary of that lodge for three years. In religious faith Mrs. Crudgington has been a member of the Missionary Baptist Church many years. Dr. W. S. Davis, one of the leading physicians of this township, was born in Tennessee in 1858, the son of Benson A. and Catharine (Grisom) Davis, natives of Tennessee. B. A. Davis was a carriage and wagon maker and lived in Tennessee until his death. He was married December 12, 1848, and became the father of seven children, four now living: Mary E. (wife of W. L. Robinson), D. J., John H. (deceased), W. S. (our subject), G. F. (deceased). Matilda R. (wife of Frank Johnson), and Jackson D. (deceased). Bronson A. Davis was killed by bushwhackers, February 28, 1885. He joined the United States army and served until 1865, when he was discharged, after which, while recruiting a company, of which he was elected captain, and when on his way to reenlist and be mustered in at Waterloo, he was killed. He had been in several battles and had served his country faithfully. He was a member of the A. F. & A. M., and a minister by profession, teaching the doctrine of the Missionary Baptist Church for a number of years. His wife was also a church member. At the age of eighteen years W. S. Davis began life for himself as a farmer. His literary education had been gained in Tennessee and Arkansas, and in the year 1871 he commenced the study of medicine. In 1878 he began practicing in the Indian Territory, but during the year 1879 moved to Logan County, Ark., where he devoted himself to his profession for about two years. Going thence to Shiloh, Van Buren County, he later became settled at Cross Roads, and finally in Yell County. In 1882 he came to this county and located on the Middle Fork of the Saline River, moving to his present place in 1877, and buying the property on which be lives, consisting of eighty acres. Dr. Davis was married July 28, 1875, to Miss Mary Camer, of Independence County, Ark. The result of this marriage was two children: Sophia C. and John W. The Doctor is a member of Whittington Lodge No. 365, A. F. & A. M., and votes the Democratic ticket. Mrs. Davis is a member of the Missionary Baptist Church. He is thoroughly wrapped up in the practice of his adopted calling, keeping well apace with the advance of medical science, while as a physician and surgeon he is esteemed by all acquaintances. Davidson & Russell, dealers in general merchandise and proprietors of gin and mill, first established business in La Belle, in January, 1889. Their interests consist of a large stock of general merchandise, ginning, milling and blacksmithing, in addition to which they own and control the manufacturing right of Saline County, for Coleman's patent combination plow. The firm is composed of William A. Davidson and H. B. Russell, well known in this locality. William A. Davidson is a native of Arkansas, and was born in Saline County, May 28, 1859, his parents, James and Mary (Russell) Davidson, having been among the early settlers of this county. Young William received his education in the schools of this locality, applying himself closely in youth, and was married November 23, 1878, to Miss Mary E. Cameron, a daughter of Daniel A. Cameron, assessor of Saline County. To this union have been born the following children: James A. (born March 21, 1880), Cullen J. (born February 15, 1882), Ashbury Y. (born November 24, 1884), and William Russell (born February 3, 1886). After his marriage Mr. Davidson continued his occupation of farming, and bought a farm of 214 acres of woodland, thirty of which he cleared, erecting good buildings and otherwise improving it. In November, 1883, he purchased a farm of 157 acres near La Belle, which he also cleared and improved, but selling this tract, in 1888, to his partner, Mr. Russell, he bought 220 acres in Beaver Township, with fifty under the plow. This farm he has cultivated and improved, until now it is classed with the finest places in Beaver Township. Mr. and Mrs. Davidson are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and Mr. Davidson is trustee of the Salem Methodist Episcopal Church, South. He is a member of the school board, and also postmaster at La Belle, Ark. H. B. Russell is also a native of Arkansas, and was born in Saline County, January 10, 1850, the son of Alex. Russell, ex-representative in the State legislature. He attended the common schools of his native county, and at the age of eighteen began life for himself; first in assisting his father upon the home farm till his marriage, which occurred in 1881, to Miss Josie Cameron, the daughter of Daniel Cameron, whose sketch appears elsewhere in this volume. Mr. and Mrs. Russell are the parents of three attractive children: Currie (born May 6, 1883), Florence Myrtle (born August 12, 1885), and Sylvester J. (born August 28, 1887). Previous to his marriage Mr. Russell had purchased a farm in Beaver Township consisting of 102 acres timberland, to which later on be added 124 acres. He at once began to improve it, erecting a handsome residence, good barns, etc., but in 1888 traded that farm (220 acres in all) to his partner (Mr. Davidson) for 157 acres near La Belle, and a half interest in his gin and mill. Mr. Russell at once moved to his new farm, and in January following embarked in the mercantile business with Mr. Davidson, in La Belle, where their subsequent career has gained for them extensive acquaintance. Some time in 1886 Mr. Russell engaged in the blacksmith's trade, and bought a complete outfit in the spring of 1889 opening a shop in La Belle. In this direction also his business is rapidly increasing, and is all that he could desire. His Commercial affairs interfere in no war with the management of his farm, which is not excelled in the county. Himself and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, and the former is a liberal contributor to all church and school enterprises, in fact, giving his support to all worthy measures for the benefit of the county. In politics lie is a Democrat, though not au enthusiast. He has served two years as deputy assessor for Saline County. The firm of Davidson & Russell is probably the leading business house in thin part of the country. They are honest, conscientious and are in every way worthy of the confidence reposed in them. Russell Denton, the subject of this sketch is one of the leading farmers of Marble Township, Saline County, and was born in Georgia in1845, being the son of Thomas and Mattie (White) Deaton, natives of North Carolina. Thomas Denton inn- to Georgia about the year 188?, and settled in Polk County. living in that section until his death, which occurred in 1871, when over eighty years old. He was married about the time of his settlement in Polk County, end be and his wife were the parents of thirteen children. seven of whom are living, as follows: Levi Denton (a farmer in Georgia), Andrew Denton (in Saline County, Ark.), Martha. Joseph, Martin and Reuben (all residents of Georgia), and Russell ( the subject of this sketch). Mrs. Denton still lives in Georgia and is now about ninety years old, enjoying vigorous health for one of her age. Her husband was one of the earliest settlers of that portion of Georgia, and previous to the late war owned some 400 acres of valuable land and twelve or fifteen negroes, besides a large amount of stock. He lost his property during the war, with the exception of his real estate interests. He was a supporter of the Democratic party. In the year 1808. Russell Denton then twenty three years of age purchased 1011 acres of laud, with twenty acres under cultivation in this State, and commenced life as a farmer. He has since increased his place to 180 acres, eighty acres of which are improved and situated on the Middle Fork of the Saline River, upon them being found buildings in good condition and plenty of stock. He is very successful as a cattle raiser. Mr. Denton was married in Arkansas in the year 1870 to Miss Sarah E. Millinder of that State, and a daughter of Joseph and Nancy (Lindsey) Millinder, also of Arkansas nativity, who were among the states earliest settlers, having come here in 1818. Mr. and Mrs. Russell Denton became the parents of five children, three of whom are now living: Mattie A. (wife of Isaac Dodd in Saline County), Mollie F. and Andrew at home). Mrs. Denton was a member of the Baptist Church up to the time of her death, which occurred in 1894. In 1887 Mr. Denton married Miss Mollie Johnson, who was also a native of this county. The result of this union was one child. In 1862 Mr. Denton joined the Confederate army. Massenburg's battery, and was afterward transferred to Anderson's battery, where he served until the surrender, fighting in the battle of Chickamauga. Missionary Ridge, Dalton, Resaca, Cassville, New Hope Church, Kenesaw Mountain and Atlanta. He was with Gen. Johnston in all the later battles fought by him and surrendered with that army at Greensboro, N. C., In 1865. He was wounded during the war three times, not, however deeming any one serious fit that time, though recently his wound has broken out and gives him much pain. Mr. Deaton takes an active part in all matters pertaining to education and the benefit of his fellowmen. He keeps a fine pack of hounds, and is always randy to grant his friends a day's sport. He votes with the Democratic party. Rev. I. N. Dunnahoo, farmer and stock grower of Kentucky Township, Saline County, came upon the stage of action in the State of Georgia in the year 1830, and is the son of John W. and Susan B. (Patman) Dunnahoo, natives of Georgia, of Irish parentage. The father was the son of James Donnahoo, who was reared in Virginia, removing to Georgia at a very early day. John W. was reared and educated in that State, receiving a good Common school education. He was married in 1830, and soon after commenced farming on his own land, being a man of considerable property and owning before the war a large tract of land and some twenty five or thirty slaves. He has a family of twelve children, three of whom survive, John B. (resides in Georgia). Elizabeth (wife of H. Bradshaw, living in Georgia), and I. N. (who forms the subject of this sketch). John W. Dunnahoo, at the age of eighty-eight, and his wife at the age of eighty-nine years are still living at the old home near Rome, Ga. Daring the war he lived at Jackson, GA., losing much property also near Rome. He is a Democrat, and with him wife is a member of the Primitive Baptist Church. I. N. Dunnahoo was reared as a farmer's lad on the farm of his father in Georgia, receiving his education in the schools of his native county. At the age of seventeen years he began as overseer on his father 's plantation. continuing this until his twenty-fifth year. Then coming to this State he bought the land on which he now resides consisting of 100 acres with twenty-five cleared. He owns some 900 acres in this place, with 250 under cultivation, besides which he formerly owned a tract of ninety acres, forty under cultivation, near Benton, which he has given to his children. In 1863 Mr. Dunnahoo joined the confederate army, enlisting in Miller's cavalry, Gen. Fagan's escort cover. He was taken prisoner at Longview, Ark., and taken to Rock Island, Ill., where he was confined one year less three days. Being exchanged just before the close of the war, he was placed in the infantry at Shreveport, La. Here he was furloughed, going home and not returning. He was paroled May 12 with his old company at Little Rock. After the war he returned home finding his family in a destitute condition. He was completely broken up, owning nothing but his farm of 100 acres and a couple of horses. All above that he has made since the war. By hard work he has paid an obligation of $2,000, and today is no man's debtor, He has been twice married. His first wife being Laura J. Medlock, whom he married in 1868. (See sketch of Dr. Medlock.) By this marriage he became the father of eight children, six of whom are now living (two dying when young:) Mary (wife of Dock F. Dobbins). Elizabeth. Paralee with Mrs. Dobbins, Benjamin (practicing medicine at Alexandria. Pulaski County). John at home) And Martha W. (at Hot Springs with her aunt Mrs. O'Briant). Etta (at home). Mrs. Donnahoo was a member of the, Baptist Church, and died December 27, 1879. In 1881 Mr. Dunnahoo was married to Jennie F. Thresher, daughter of Robert Thresher, a native of Tennessee. Mr. Dunnahoo has been a minister of the Baptist Church for seventeen years, and has baptized and married a goodly number. In politics he is a Democrat. He is one of the liberal contributors of the county to churches, schools, and public enterprises. Mrs. Dunnahoo is a sister of Robert Thresher, one of the leading lights in the Baptist Church, who has been in the ministry for thirty years. He is also one of the teachers of the Malvern graded schools. William A. Dyer, one of the prominent farmers of Section 5,. Holland Township, Saline County, whose post office address is Brazil, was born in Cherokee County, Ala., in 1842. being the eldest in a family of seven children born to Jacob and Sarah (Grimmett) Dyer, natives of Alabama Mrs. Dyer was the daughter of William Grimmett, originally from Tennessee and one of a colony of five to settle, in Wills Valley, Cherokee County, Ala. in 1828, among the Indians, where he remained some years, subsequently moving to Saline County. Ark. in 1849. He there entered several farms, and sold them at a profit after making many improvements. His death occurred in 1858, and his wife followed him within two months, leaving the following children to mourn their lose: William A. (a boy of sixteen and the subject of this sketch, lames P. (who enlisted in Saline County under Capt. Watkins in 1862, and who was missing after the siege of Port Hudson), A. J. (who is married and resides in this township), John D. (killed in 1887). Ruth Evelyn (died in 1877), Sarah Elizabeth (now Mrs. Holland, and resides in this town ship), and Robert Wilton (died in 1863). Mr. Dyer was seven years of age when he came to Saline County with his parent, being reared to farm life, and receiving an education in the subscription schools of the county. In 1861 he commenced farming for himself in Beaver Township, where he remained for one year. In July, 1862, he enlisted in Company D. Twenty-second Arkansas Infantry, for three years or during the war, and was kept at Little Rock most of the time, where he was paroled in 1865, returning later to Beaver Township and resuming farming. He was married to Saline County in 1861 to Emily Chastain, a native of Georgia, and a daughter of John N. and Elizabeth (Self ) Chastain. Mr. Chastain was a native of Georgia and came to Saline County in 1957, settling in Beaver Township, where he remained several years, and then moved to Holland Township in 1870. His death occurred in 1879, his wife dying three months previous. At the close of the war Mr. Dyer settled in Beaver Township on a place he had bought in 1861. In 1871 he purchased a partially improved farm of 120 acres, to which additions have been made until he now has 320 acres, with 120 acres under cultivation, fifty acres of this having been opened by himself. Mr. and Mrs. Dyer were the parents of two children, both of whom are deceased: Sarah Elizabeth (who died at three years of age) and Laura D. (who died at the age of eight). Mr. Dyer is a member of the school board, in which capacity he has served two terms. He is also a member of the Ionic Lodge of the A. F. & A. M also of Paron Lodge No. 309, A. F. & A. M., of which he was one of the charter members, having served also as junior warden and senior warden. He is one of the leading Democrats of his township. J. M. Dyer, merchant and postmaster at Owensville, Saline County, Ark., was born in Dyer Township, in the year 1849. His parents, Given and Martha (Brazel) Dyer, natives, respectively, of Kentucky and Missouri, reared a family of ten children, J.M. Dyer being the fifth. They came to Saline County, Ark., in 1835, settling in what was now Dyer Township, and making this county his home, the father followed farming,, opening up some 126 acres before his death, which occurred in 1861, his wife following him in 1862. The elder Mr. Dyer had taken quite and active part in politics, being a strong Democrat. His son, J.M., who was reared on the farm and educated in the township schools, commenced his career alone at the age of twenty years as a farmer on rented land. In 1875 he bought a partly improved farm of 150 acres. He at once began to improve it and add to his possessions, until today he owns a splendid farm of 250 acres, with 110 under cultivation. He was married in Saline County, in 1869, to Melissa Robison, a native of Scott County, Ark., and a daughter of D.J. and Lucinda (James ) Robison, of Missouri. Mr. and Mrs. Robison came to Arkansas at an early day, the father dying in October, 1881, but the mother is still living in this township. By the union there were 5 children, all living: William Milas, Daniel Obey, Admire Lucinda, Rosa and Jeddy Walter. Mr. Dyer is not very active in politics, though he votes the Democratic ticket. He has been justice of the peace in his township for two terms. As a member of Whittington Lodge No. 365, A. F. & A. M., he has passed the chairs and served two terms as S.D. Both Mr. and Mrs. Dyer are members of the Missionary Baptist Church in this township. Every enterprise that tends to advance the interest of his township and county, finds in Mr. Dyer a firm friend and stanch supporter. He is especially interested in schools, and has held the position of postmaster at Owensville for five years, being a faithful and obedient servant of the public. James Q. Earnest, justice of the peace and one of the leading farmers of this township, was born in the Lone Star State in 1854, being reared, however, in Mississippi. He is the son of William and Melissa (Cotton ) Earnest, natives of Tennessee, the former of whom was educated in Kentucky, moving to Texas in 1851, and settling in Smith County, where he lived for three years. Removing thence to Alcorn County, Miss. He resided there twenty nine years, and in 1883 came to this State, locating on the South Fork of the Saline River, in Saline County. He is the father of eleven children, eight now living: William F., James Q. (our subject), Aziline (wife of J. Westbrooks )Elizabeth (wife of R. Lucas, lives in Lonoke County), R.G., J.R., Annie (wife of Mart Hendrix) and Addie (at home). During the war Mr. Earnest joined Company F, Thirty second Mississippi regiment, Confederate army, and served as a private through that struggle, participating in a number of battles, notable among which were Franklin and Chickamauga. He came home when the war closed and engaged in farming, which he still continues. Though a member of the A. F. & A. M., he does not affiliate with any lodge in this state. He is also a member of the Democratic party. James Q. Earnest, who received his education in the country schools of Mississippi, at the age of twenty-one began life as a farmer on rented land in that state. Continuing there for but a few years, he removed to Arkansas in 1878, and purchased his present property of eighty acres of wild land, besides which he has since cleared and improved fifty acres on the Saline River. He is quite an extensive stock raiser, having the largest herd of sheep in the county. In 1888 he was elected to the office of justice of the peace, in which capacity he does a large amount of business. He was married in 1874, to Miss Emily Stephens, daughter of James and Ellen (McElbannon ) Stephens, natives respectively, of Georgia and Alabama, who were the parents of seven children, four now living: Samuel (in Texas), Matt (in Mississippi), Emily (wife of our subject) and Charles (in Tennessee). Mr. and Mrs. Stephens both died about the year 1859. Though Mr. Earnest has no children to educate he is a warm advocate of the free school system, and a liberal donator to the churches. He is a member of Fair Play Lodge No. 32, A. F. & A. M, holding the office of S.D. in his lodge. Politically he is a Democrat. While, perhaps, not owning as much property in the county as some others, he is as enterprising and successful as any in his section-thoroughly understanding the pursuits to which he has devoted so much attention. John M. Finley, well known as a farmer and leading citizen of Saline County, was born in Blount County, East Tenn., in 1820, and is the son of William and Sarah (Weldon ) Finley. The father was a native of Virginia who moved to Tennessee at an early period and settled in Bradley County, where he spent the remainder of his days. He was a soldier in the War of 1812, and before the Civil War was a successful farmer, but during that event his property was almost entirely swept away. The mother was a daughter of Joseph Weldon, a native of Ireland, who came to this country before the Revolution and settled in Tennessee, where he resided until his death at the age of one hundred and three years. She was a member of the Methodist Church during life and a devout Christian woman. John M., the seventh of seven sons and three daughters born to the parents was reared on his father's farm and educated in the log cabin schools of that period. In February, 1840, he was married to Miss Eliza Jane Delaney, of Tennessee, whose father was an old Revolutionary soldier, and this union gave them nine children, of whom one son and one daughter are yet living: James Henry (residing at Little Rock), and Louisa (wife of John McLean). In 1850 Mr. Finley came with his family to what is now Lonoke County, but nine years later moved to Saline County and settled in the woods of Hurricane Township, where he opened up a good farm. His success as a planter has been encouraging, and by proper management and energy he has now accumulated about 175 acres of the best land in that section, comprised of three tracts, and has placed some seventy acres under cultivation, besides owning a good house and lot in Bryant, where he has resided since 1888. In 1861 he enlisted in the Third Arkansas Cavalry, and operated in Missouri until the spring of the following year, when he was discharged on account of ill health. In the fall of 1863 he had fully recovered and again enlisted, joining the Eleventh Arkansas Infantry, in which he remained until the close of the war. He took part in many hard battles and skirmishes, and distinguished himself on more than one occasion by his gallant actions in the field. In politics he is a Democrat and cast his first presidential vote for Van Buren in 1840. In religious faith he has been a member of the Methodist Church for a great number of years, and is always prompt to aid any religious and educational enterprises, as well as taking an active interest in the development of his county. Dr. D. N. Fisher, whose prominence as a physician and surgeon of Traskwood Township has contributed largely to the respect and esteem accorded him, was born in Hamilton County, Ill., November 10, 1847, and is the youngest of four sons born to Jordan and Elizabeth (Carter) Fisher, natives of North and South Carolina, respectively. Jordan Fisher was born in 1807, and when quite young went to Kentucky and engaged in farming, afterward being married there. Following his marriage he moved to Indiana, and from there to Illinois, where he was residing at the time of his death, in 1885, his wife only surviving him one year. Dr. Fisher's paternal grandfather was one of the pioneers of Kentucky, having gone there when the state belonged to the Northwest Territory. He was killed in the battle of Tippecanoe in the War of 1812. Young Fisher spent his boyhood days in the common schools of Illinois, and at the age of seventeen entered the high school at Endfield, Illinois, where he remained for two years, then commencing the study of medicine under the tutelage of Dr. A. Hodge, one of the most prominent practitioners of his day. After one year he abandoned his medical studies and came to Arkansas, engaging in the mercantile business for a while in Hot Spring County, at Ouachita. In 1873 he went to Saline County, and in July of that year was married there to Miss Mary Graham, a native of Mississippi, and the daughter of Dr. A.G. Graham. Dr. Graham came to Arkansas in 1859, and was the leading physician of the community until his death in 1884. After his marriage, Dr. Fisher again resumed the study of medicine under Dr. Graham, remaining with him for two years. In 1879 and 1880 he attended the medical department of the Arkansas State University, and since that time has enjoyed a very successful and lucrative practice. He came to Traskwood in 1888, in 1889 entering into partnership with Dr. Walton, and together or individually they have and enviable reputation, which is well deserved, for never were individuals more conscientious or careful in the discharge of professional duties than they. Dr. Fisher is a Democrat, though he takes no active part in politics. He has been elected justice of the peace and postmaster, but declined to serve in both instances. He has served as school director almost the entire period of his residence in the State. Fair Play Lodge No. 32, A. F. & A. M, counts him as one of its members, in which he is worshipful master. He is also a member of Benton Lodge No. 1319, K. of H. Dr. Fisher has long been identified with school and church enterprises, and never fails to give his support to all worthy movements. Capt. J.C. Flynn, one of the principal lumber dealers in Saline County, and a manufacturer of yellow pine, oak, ash, gum and hickory timber, the first named being a specialty, was born in New York in 1833, and is a son of Henry and Ellen (Colbert) Flynn, natives of Ireland. They came to the United States in 1830, and resided in New York State, until their removal to Washtenaw County, Mich., where the father died, when J.C. was sixteen years old. Three years later the family moved to Ludington, Mich., where the mother died in 1885, a member of the Catholic Church. J.C. Flynn, the third of seven children born to his parents, received a limited education in his youth, his only instructors being his older sisters. When sixteen years old he commenced in life for himself and farmed for a short time but later he sailed on the great lakes, his principal run being Chicago to Buffalo, N.Y. For tow years he acted in the capacity of mate, and the last years of his sailing life were passed as captain. His brother, in the meantime was managing the farm in Michigan. In 1858 J.C. went to Texas, where he worked at the carpenter's trade until 1860, then coming to Clark County, Ark. When the Civil War broke out, he enlisted in Company B, Twelfth Arkansas Infantry, as a private, but after three months' service he was made a corporal, and later on promoted to sergeant-major of the regiment, taking part in the battles at Belmont, Island No. 10 and Fort Pillow. He was then furloughed for sixty days, and sent to Arkansas in charge of the sick and wounded of his regiment. When about to return to his command he was ordered by Gen. Hindman to organize, which he did, and was made captain of Company H. Thirty-third Arkansas Infantry, and remained in that capacity until the close of the war, taking part in the fights at Prairie Grove, near Vicksburg, Little Rock, Mansfield, La., Pleasant Hill, La., Jenkins' Ferry, and a great number of skirmishes. He was wounded several times, and at Jenkins' Ferry was captured and taken to Johnson's Island, where he was confined for eleven months, but was finally exchanged and rejoined his command at Shreveport, La., and surrendered at Marshall, Tex., in May, 1865. After the war was over he returned to Clark County, Ark., with only five cents in his pockets, but immediately set to work with an energy that soon brought its reward. Some time later he was enabled to build a water, flour and corn mill, which he operated successfully for about two years and then moved to Pulaski County, and farmed for one year. Capt. Flynn then entered into business at Little Rock, and also operated saw-mills in different parts of Pulaski County, until 1880, when he came to his present place, which was established in 1881, and is now one of the largest industries in Saline County, the mill having a capacity of 20,000 feet per day, with a planing mill attached, and employing on an average of fourteen people. He also owns four ox teams and one horse team to haul his logs, and has about 1,100 acres of the best timber land in that section. Capt. Flynn was married in January, 1867, in Clark County, to Miss Dusky V., daughter of Henry M. and Virginia Ivy, of Mississippi and Alabama, respectively, who were among the earliest settlers of Pulaski County, where the father died about 1878. Four children were born to the Captain and his wife, three of whom are living, and all having received the best education their father could obtain for them. In politics Capt. Flynn is a Democrat, and cast his first vote for Franklin Pierce. He was the first sheriff in Mason County, Mich., and was also justice of the peace in that same county. In secret societies he is a member of Pennington Lodge No. 273, A. F. & A. M, at Hensley, and also belongs to Royal Arch Chapter No. 2, at Little Rock, and Lodge No. 452, Knights of Honor, at the same place. He is also a member of Quapaw Council no. 97, Royal Arcanum, at Little Rock. In all enterprises connected with his county, which offer to develop and advance its interests, Capt. Flynn is one of the foremost citizens to give his valuable aid. Wylie B. Fowler, postmaster at Brazil, Saline Count, Ark., first saw the light of day in Ripley County, Mo., February 3, 1818, being the oldest in a family of two children born to Jerry and Elizabeth (Brazil ) Fowler, natives of Kentucky and Tennessee, respectively, and who emigrated to Missouri at an early day, where Mr. Fowler died. Mrs. Fowler subsequently came to Arkansas Territory with her children in 1826, and settled in what is now Saline Township, in 1840 moving to Perry County, where she remained until her death in 1873. Wylie B. Fowler commenced farming for himself in 1845. In 1844 he was married to Martha Allen, a native of Missouri, who came to Arkansas in 1828. After his marriage Mr. Fowler settled in Holland Township, and engaged in farming and hunting. The country at that time was very thinly settled, the nearest market being at Little Rock, which was only a small village. His wife died in 1876. By that union he had the following children: John (formerly in the United States service, and now deceased), Martha (deceased), Elizabeth (now Mrs. Burnett, of Holland township), Lucinda (now Mrs. Dryden, also of Holland Township), Matilda (deceased), Mary Jane (also deceased), Jeannette (Mrs. Seymore Holland), Moses (with whom his father resides), Angeline (Mrs. Thompson, of Holland), Tennessee (deceased), William (in Mississippi County), James (deceased), Wylie (at home), and Amasa (deceased). Mr. Fowler was in the Texas War of 1836, guarding the frontier of Arkansas. He has lived to see the complete growth of Saline County, having been a resident here for sixty-three years, and has taken an individual part in its development. He is a member of the Missionary Baptist Church. Reuben Garrett is the son of S.B. and E.L. (Smith) Garrett, and was born in Dyer Township, Saline County, Ark., in May 1855, being the eldest of a family of eight children. His father came to Saline County when a young man and settled in what is now Saline Township, where he was married. S.B. Garret and wife are both living, and reside on a farm in Dyer Township, where Mr. Reuben Garrett was reared. The latter commenced farming for himself at twenty-one years of age on the farm where he still lives, and since then has bought a farm of eighty-seven acres, forty acres of which were under cultivation. In 1879 he entered into partnership with John Curtis, and erected a large cotton gin, which he has continued to operate since that time, having also a good mill in connection therewith. In 1873 Mr. Garret, married Mary Genbry, a daughter of William and Sarah (Howard) Genbry, both of whom are deceased. By this union they have one daughter, Ida. Mrs. Garret is a member of the Baptist Church. Mr. Garrett has always given liberally to enterprises tending to the good of the county. His career has been a successful one, and though passed quietly and without especial ostentation has not been without its influence. H. S. Glenn, a well-known merchant and farmer of Benton, was born in Franklin County, Ga., September 30, 1836, and is the son of Samuel and Eliza (Bennett) Glenn, natives of Georgia and South Carolina. Samuel Glenn was a farmer and moved from Franklin County, Ga. To Lumpkin (now Dawson ) County about the year 1837, where he remained until 1852. He then came to Arkansas and located on a farm in Conway (now Faulkner) county, twelve miles north of Conway, settling a place in the woods, and making a home, where he is still living at the age of seventy-eight years. He held the office of justice of the peace both in Georgia and Arkansas, and with his wife and family was a member of the Baptist Church. Mrs. Glenn died in 1858, having borne thirteen children, eight of whom are living: James, Robert, S.H., Elizabeth, Lydia, Andrew, Eliza and Solomon Q. H.S. Glenn was reared to farm life and educated in the common schools of Georgia, accepting every opportunity that presented itself, for the school facilities were very limited at that time. He was ambitious to begin life for himself, and, commencing at an early age to work, engaged in farming for some time. In 1859 he was married to Miss Cynthia Allen, a daughter of William Allen, one of the first settlers of Saline County. Mrs. Glenn only lived a few years after her marriage, and Mr. Glenn chose for his second wife Miss Winnie Julian, a native of Georgia and a daughter of Rezin Julian, a farmer who came to Arkansas in 1850. To this union four children have been born, all of whom are living: Leoria (born October 6, 1867, and the wife of J.R. Donnell, a druggist living at Greenbrier, Ark.), Samma A. (Born August 10, 1870), James H. (born July 25, 1873) and Janna (born April 13, 1876). Mrs. (Julian ) Glenn died in Benton, Ark., October 10, 1878. She was a loving wife and mother, and a very great favorite among her wide circle of friends. In 1880 Mr. Glenn married Miss Marthia Lucus, a native of Alabama, born in 1848. One child is the result of this union, Mary Eveline, born August 20, 1882. Mr. Glenn enlisted in the Fourth Arkansas Cavalry in 1861, bon on account of his wife's sickness did not go with the command. Later on he enlisted for the Trans-Mississippi army, but being wrecked on the White River returned home again. In the same year (1862) he joined Fagan's regiment at Bellefonte, Ark., and was in the battle of Back Bone Mountain, fight of Poison Springs (Mark's Mills), where he was wounded by gunshot and laid off to recruit for one month. He was in a great many skirmishes, also with Price on his raid through Missouri, and finally was paroled at Camden, Ark., in June, 1865. At the close of the war Mr. Glenn resumed the occupation of farming in Saline County until 1878, when he came to Benton and engaged in the mercantile business. In 1883, he moved to Faulkner County (Greenbrier), selling foods at that place till 1886, then entering into partnership with W.A. Bell, a concern well and favorably known throughout the country. A general stock of merchandise of all kinds is carried including hardware and farming implements of every description, and such as meets the needs of the surrounding region. Mr. Glenn is a member of Benton Lodge No. 34, A. F. & A. M, also of Benton Lodge No. 1319, K. of H., and with his wife and family is a member of the Missionary Baptist Church, in which he is deacon. In addition to his mercantile business he has two farms, one of 135 acres near Benton, sixty-five of which are cultivated, and another of 110 acres situated on Hurricane Creek. Forty acres of this farm are cultivated, and the two together will average with most farms in the county. Mr. Glenn is one of the most prominent and influential citizens of the county, and is respected and esteemed by the entire community. Thomas H. Glidewell, one of the oldest farmers of Saline Township, was born in North Carolina, in the year 1819, and is the son of Thomas H. and Susan (Allen) Glidewell, natives, respectively, of Virginia and North Carolina, and of Scotch and Welsh origin. Thomas H. Glidewell, Sr., was an overseer in North Carolina for some four years moving from there in 1823, and settling in Lincoln County, Tenn., where he bought wild land and soon made himself a home and farm, keeping a country inn. Remaining there until 1857, he then moved to Cape Giradeau, Mo. Near Jackson. While in Tennessee Mr. Glidewell was captain in the State militia, and was known as Col. Glidewell. After coming to Missouri he engaged in farming for two years, dying in 1861. He was married about 1816 the first time, becoming by this marriage the father of thirteen children, five of whom survive: Thomas H. (our subject), John and Mary (twins, the latter the wife of Mr. Steelman), Drucilla (widow of Abner Freeman ), and William J. (who lives in Florida). The mother died about 1834. She was an honored member of the Baptist Church. Mr. Glidewell was married the second time to Agnes Billings, who bore him these children: Atlanta (wife of Isaac Ridicks, who lives in Cape Girardeau County, Mo.), Terry (who lives in Illinois), Babe (in Illinois), and Rufus (in Illinois). Mrs. Glidewell died in 1884. She and her husband were both members of the Baptist Church. John Glidewell served in the War of Independence as a private, and Thomas H. Glidewell was a soldier in the War of 1812, being in the battles of Norfolk and Richmond, VA. At the early age of seventeen years, Thomas H. Glidewell, the subject of this sketch, began life as a farmer on rented land in Central Tennessee. After ten years of farming he joined a colony of thirty-one families, en-route to Dallas County, Tex. As most of the colonists died there, Mr. Glidewell only remained until fall. The colony was planted by Mercer, who received a large tract of land from the Territory, provided he would settle it by a certain time. Mr. Glidewell received 640 acres of land for his portion, but the locality proved so unhealthy that he left. His father-in-law and brother-in-law were buried there, and his wife and mother, four years later, secured a title to the 1,280 acres given them. In 1847 Mr. Glidewell settled on Saline River, within two miles of Benton, acting as overseer for two years for Green B. Hughes. In 1851 he entered the land on which he now lives, for 12 ½ cents per acre. This farm now consists of 160 acres, with 80 acres under cultivation. Mr. Glidewell has been married 4 times. The first wife was Miss Leath A. Simmons, who became the mother of ten children, seven of whom survive: Drucilla (widow of James Eddleman, living in this county), James H. (in this township), H.E. (in Little Rock, and the present treasurer of Pulaski County, Ark.), Francis (in Hot Springs), Louisa (wife of John Leath ), and Alfred (in the State of Oregon). Mrs. Glidewell died in 1857, a member of the Baptist Church. Mr. Glidewell's second marriage was to Miss Martha Leach (a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church) in 1858. She died in 1874. In 1875 he was married to Mrs. Melissa Mayo, from whom he was separated in 1877. His fourth marriage was to Miss Susan Reaney, in 1878. By this union there were nine children, seven of whom are living: Doctor A. (deceased), Finnis, Nellie L., Angie, William, Samuel, Addie (deceased), Wyatt and Winnie (twins). Mr. Glidewell served a few months in the Confederate home guards, and was taken to little Rock by the United States troops and imprisoned for three weeks. At the close of the war he found himself nearly broken up. He has been justice of the peace for three years, and served his township as constable for nine years. He is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, while his wife has linked her faith with the Baptists. The I.O.O.F. also claim him as a member. He votes with the Democratic Party, and is thoroughly imbued with the spirit of improvement. Mrs. Glidewell is the daughter of Timothy and Mary Reaney, who were natives of Tennessee. Timothy Reaney came to this State in 1848, settling in Hot Spring County, where they reared a family of ten children, eight of whom are now living: Martha (wife of Thomas Richardson ), Catharine (wife of C. Brooks ), Susan (now Mrs. Glidewell), Josephine (wife of M.C. McConckey), Robert, John Richmond, Sarah (at home), Thomas Dean (died when small), William and Fannie. S. H. Glover, a well-known miller and farmer, of Shaw Township, was born in Saline, Grant County, Ark., April 10, 1860, and is the son of William H. and Pauline (Harper) Glover, natives of Tennessee and Kentucky, respectively. The former was born in Hamilton County, Tenn., October 30, 1838, being the son of Delane and Melvinia Glover, natives of South Carolina, and was one of twenty-four children born to the same parents. He (William H.) is still living, but his wife died when their son was but three and a half years old. He came to Arkansas about 1858, and has been a resident of the state ever since, having for several years held the office of deputy sheriff and that of township bailiff. He is an active Democrat, and a working member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in which he is a steward, being also connected with the Masonic order. He served a short time in the late war. S.H. Glover was reared to farm life, but spent his school days at Prattsville, Grant County, where he received a practical English education. When twenty-one, being ambitious to start out for himself, he engaged in farming for one year. In 1883 he was given the charge of Sheridan circuit, and filled the position of traveling preacher that year. In 1884 he again resumed farming, but in 1885 spent the year as traveling photographer. In 1886-1887 he carried on a mercantile business in Prattsville; this not proving a success financially, he closed out and prepared to engage in the lumber and sawmill trade. In the spring of 1889 he purchased, in company of one W.H. Allen, the saw and gristmill of G.J. Brush and conducted the same successfully until September 7 following, when he bought out Mr. Allen's interest, and now controls and owns the entire business. The mills comprise a twin engine (fifty horse-power), a saw-mill with a capacity of 20,000 feet per day, a modern gin and press with a capacity of eight bales per day, and a corn grist, the patronage accorded him being fully deserved. He saw nothing but yellow pine and is enjoying a flourishing trade. In addition to his milling interests Mr. Glover owns eighty acres of land on which the mill is situated, besides forty acres of fine timber land. The farm lies in the central part of the manganese fields in Saline County, and it is only a question of time when its value will be realized and ready capital be expended to bring the same to the notice of the commercial world. In December 1883, Mr. Glover was united in marriage to Miss Mary Allen, a daughter of William Allen, one of the early settlers of Benton. Mrs. Glover was born in Benton October 30, 1862. To this union have been given three children: Alva (born December 9, 1884), Wilburn (born September 28, 1886, and died May 12 1888) and Lillian (a bright little infant, born in September 1888, and a delight of her parents). Mr. Glover and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church in which the former is licentiate minister, filling the pulpit about three Sundays in each month. He is an earnest and eloquent speaker, and carries his audience with him in the clear and vivid portrayal of his ideas. He honors the Democratic party with his vote, but is not active in politics. In September 1888, he was elected to the office of magistrate, and has married several couples. He has always taken a lively interest in church and educational matters and gives his support to worthy enterprises. John M. Green, one of the principal farmers and ginners of Saline County, and the popular postmaster at Hurricane post office, was born in Hall County, Ga., in 1827, being a son of Thomas and Mary (Jackson) Green, whose birth occurred in South Carolina in 1806 and 1808, respectively. The parents were married in Hall County, Ga., and resided there until the year 1851, then moving to what is now Grant County, Ark., and making it their home until the father's death in 1866; the mother died a few years later. The father was a successful farmer, and an upright, honest man. He was a liberal supporter of all religious enterprises, and was much respected in the community where he resided. His father was Daniel Green, a soldier in the Revolutionary War, who died in Hall County, Ga., in 1857. The latter was a member of the Methodist Church, as was also his wife, and they were earnest Christian people. The maternal grandfather, Thomas Jackson, was also a resident of Hall County, in which place he died. He had been justice of the peace for a great number of years, and in religious faith was an ardent Baptist. John M., the oldest of eleven children born to his, received a somewhat limited education in his youth. He was married in 1850 to Elizabeth, a daughter of Peterson and Frances Marler, of Virginia, who moved from their native state to Jackson County, Ga., where they spent the remainder of their days. Ten children were born to the union of Mr. Green and wife, of whom 6 are yet living, and all residents of Saline County. After his marriage Mr. Green resided in Hall County, Ga., until 1857, then moving to what is now Grant County, Ark., which was his home until 1870 or 1871. Coming thence to where he now resides, he has become the owner of about 205 acres of land with some fifty acres under cultivation. He also has an interest in a steam-gin, and for a period of fourteen years was dealing in general merchandise in this and Grant Counties. For nine years he held the office of postmaster, and while in Grant County was justice of the peace for two years, also serving as such a short time when in Georgia. He was conscripted in the Confederate army during the war, but in 1864 joined the Second Missouri Light Artillery, at Little Rock, remaining with that body until the close of the war. After that event he went to St. Louis with his company as they supposed to be mustered out, but instead they were sent out West from July to October, 1865 being occupied in fighting the Indians. In politics Mr. Green is a conservative Democrat, and in secret societies is a member of Lodge No., 288, of the A. F. & A. M, and treasurer. He and wife belong to the Methodist Church, as do their children except one son who attends the Baptist Church. The Green family have always been noted for their strict adherence to temperance, their honesty and conscientiousness and are among the best citizens of Saline County. C. G. Greenway, a planter of Jefferson Township, Saline County, was born in Independence County, Ark., in 1855. He was the fourth son in a family of six children born to J.B. and Margaret Ann (Hair ) Greenway, the former of whom was a native of Tennessee, emigrating to Arkansas in 1849, where he entered land in Independence (now Stone) County, and where he still resides. He was justice of the peace for several years, and is now a member of the Masonic order. His wife died in 1880, in Independence County, Eliza Goodwin, a native of Tennessee. By his first marriage he had six children, W.A. (married, resides in Stone County), J.J. (married, lives in Texas), Maggie (resides at Bradford, Whitney County), Martha (now Mrs. Satire, lives in Franklin County), C.G. (the subject of this sketch), and one child who died in infancy. By his second marriage he had seven children, six of whom survive: James (married, lives in Texas), Joseph (lives in Stone County), Isaac Newton Stone, Kate, Emma, Eve and one other child (deceased). C.G. Greenway was reared on the home farm and attended the schools of Independence County, moving in 1877 to Saline County, where he settled, first in Dyer Township, on seventy-five acres of land. After remaining there until 1887, he opened up a farm in Jefferson Township, where he now resides. He was married in 1879 to Martha Ann Gentry, a native of Saline County, and a daughter of William W. and Nancy Ann (Williams) Gentry. Mr. Gentry was a native of Arkansas and has made Saline County his home since his youth. He was justice of the peace for several years. His death occurred in March, 1885. Mrs. Gentry died in 1867. Mr. and Mrs. Greenway have had six children, three of whom are living: William Freddie, Charles Oliver, and an infant. They are members of the Missionary Baptist Church. And in politics Mr. Greenway is a Democrat. The family are well esteemed throughout the community for their worth and influence. Luther A. Grimes, one of the leading general merchants of Benton, and a prominent citizens of Saline County, was born in Maury County, Tenn., in 1839, and is a son of James M. and Cynthia (Lusk) Grimes, natives of the same county and State, where the father resided all his life, and died in 1876. The mother is still living. The elder Grimes was a very successful farmer during his life, and an influential citizen of Maury County. His father was Alex Grimes, of North Carolina, who moved to Maury County, Tenn., at so early period, and resided there until his death. His father' name was Hank Grimes, who was one of the pioneers of North Carolina. The Grimes families are of Scotch Irish origin, as were also the family on the mother's side. The maternal grandfather was a native of North Carolina, but one of the early settlers of Maury County, where he died at the advance age of ninety-five years, and was at that time a survivor of one of the early wars. Luther A. was the third child of four sons and seven daughters born to his parents, and received a good English education at Hampshire Academy near his birth place. On the outbreak of the Civil War he enlisted in Company A. First Tennessee Mounted Infantry, with the rank of sergeant, and took part in the battles of Shiloh, Murfreesboro, Franklin, Spring Hill, Chickamauga, Atlanta, and a number of sharp skirmishes. He was at one time severely wounded, but happily recovered, and again engaged in some hard fighting before the close of the war. He was married, in 1866, to Miss Sarah Moore, who died in Texas in 1878. Two children were born to this marriage, of whom one is still living. His second marriage occurred, in 1881, to Miss Margaret Lett, by whom he had three children, all of them having been educated in the best schools in Central Arkansas. Mr. Grimes' occupation was farming up to 1886, when came to Benton and in partnership with a Mr. Lett, established the firm of Lett & Grimes. The firm remained under this heading until Mr. Lett's death in 1888, and since then Mr. Grimes has carried it on alone. He deals in general merchandise and keeps a stock of goods valued at $1,200, and has built up a fine patronage by his legitimate methods of doing business. In politics is a Democrat, and a stanch supporter of that party, and in religious belief he and wife are members of the Baptist Church, and take a deep interest in aiding all religious and educational enterprises. Mr. Grimes' present prosperity has been achieved by his own individual effort and untiring energy. In business circles his word in his bond, and he is one of the most popular citizens in Saline County. Dr. J. W. Hall, a leading citizen of Saline County, and a man who has few superiors in the medical profession, was born in Shelby County, Ky., on February 9, 1927, and is a son of William B. and Margaret (Stevens) Hall, born in Hanover County, Va., on February 11, 1784, and September 9, 1798, respectively. The parents were married in Hardin County, Ky., in the year 1819, but shortly afterward moved to Shelby County, where the former died in December, 1837 and the latter in Owen County, Ind., in October, 1846. Both had been members of Missionary Baptist Church for a great number of years, and the father was a prominent member of the A. F. & A. M. His occupation was that of shoemaker. He was a son of Vincent Hall, who came from Scotland at an early day and settled in Virginia. The latter was a soldier in the Revolutionary War, who died at the great age of one hundred and six years. The maternal grandfather, Joseph Stevens, was also a native of Scotland, who came to this country and settled in the same county in Virginia, serving in the Revolutionary War. He afterward moved to Kentucky, where he resided until his death, being at that time over one hundred years old. Jacob W. was the fourth of seven children born to this parents, and was reared on his father's plantation. He only received about four months' schooling and that when very young and began in life for himself when fourteen years of age as a farm hand at $7 per month. At the end of three months he went to Indiana and found employment with the celebrated Dr. W. Motley, under whom he studied for three years, in the meantime supporting himself by cutting cord and wood and splitting rails. About this time the Mexican War broke out, and he enlisted in Company I, of the First Kentucky Cavalry, and went to Mexico, taking part in most all of the principal battles under Gens. Scott and Taylor. He was promoted to the rank of lieutenant for his bravery shortly after reaching Mexico, and later on was again promoted to the captaincy of his company, but never received his commission. In the fall of 1848 he left his command at Brownsville, Tex., and traveled all the way back home to Indiana on horseback, his experiences on that occasion while journeying through the wilds of Texas and the thrilling incidents that befell him making a strong argument that "Truth is stranger than fiction." On his return home he immediately resumed the study of medicine, and in 1849-50 attended the Ohio Medical College at Cincinnati. The following year he went to Missouri and practiced until 1853, when he moved to Iowa. In 1854-55 he attend the Sandford Medical College at Keokuk, Iowa, and graduated the later year. He then practiced in that State for nine years, in the meantime uniting with the Methodist Church, and in 1858 was licensed to preach. In 1863 he was ordained by that body, and continued to preach the gospel in Iowa for some time, after being made a doctor of divinity by the Iowa University. He then resumed his practice of medicine and continued in Iowa until 1870, when he came to Arkansas and settled in Grant County, coming to Benton four years later, where he has resided ever since. In 1880 the Doctor was elected president of the Arkansas Methodist conference for three years, and at the end of that time re-elected t the same office. He was always a great student. In 1852 he represented Adair County, Mo., in the legislature of that State, and has served two years as notary public in Grant County, Ark. His first marriage occurred in Kentucky, in 1845, to Miss Maria Haskett, of Indiana, who died in 1846 leaving one son, who has died since. His second marriage occurred in 1850 to Sarah, daughter of Daniel H. and Nancy Baty, of Kentucky. This wife was a native of Kentucky, and by her union with Dr. Hall became the mother of six children, of whom one son and one daughter are yet living: Dr. Daniel W. (a wall known physician of Hot Springs County) and Ida B. (wife of Mr. George A. Zinn). In politics the Doctor has been a stanch Democrat all his life, but cast his first presidential vote for Taylor in 1848, and was a presidential elector on the Douglas ticket in Iowa in1860. Dr. Hall has been a member of A. F. & A. M. since 1849,and at present belongs to Bryant Lodge No. 442, which he organized and served as first master, also serving in the same capacity in different lodges for twenty years. He also is a member of Royal Arch Chapter, at Knoxville, Iowa, and the Encampment from Bloomfield, Iowa, joining the Commandery at Keokuk, Iowa, in 1865. At the present time he is a member of Hugh DePayne's Commandery at Little Rock, and also belongs to Benton Lodge No. 9, I. O. F. During the war he was United States examining surgeon in Davis County, Iowa, for three years. His public life and a great skill as a physician have combined to make his name one of the most noted in Central Arkansas. W. H. Harlow, a planter, merchant and miller of Brazil, Saline County, was born in Greenup County, Ky., in 1834, being the third in a family of eight children born to Nicholas and Nancy (Kidd) Harlow. Nicholas Harlow was also a Kentuckian by birth, and in1839 moved to Chariton County, Mo., where he made his home until his death while en route to California in 1851. He was a farmer and blacksmith by occupation. His wife survived him until 1872. W. H. Harlow was raised in Charlton County, Mo., and in 1869 went to Lamar County, Tex., where he was engaged in freighting and railroading for some years. In 1876 he moved to Hot Springs, being employed as traveling salesman for a firm in that place and Little Rock until 1882, when he was married to Elizabeth Chastain, widow of William F. Chastain. His wife was a native of South Carolina, and a daughter of Thomas A. and Margaret (Wylie) White. Her father was a mill wright, and came to Arkansas from South Carolina in December 1846, settling in Marble Township. Mr. White was one of the pioneers of Saline County, where he entered land and erected a mill, one of the first in that section of the county. He made that his home until his death, which occurred in July, 1854. Mrs. White survived until September, 1880, during which time she lived with her children. Elizabeth White was sixteen years of age when she moved to Saline County with her parents. She was married in February, 1851, to Robison Prille, a native of Virginia, who went to Tennessee, and afterward moved to Saline County in 1838. Mr. Prille died in September, 1863. Mrs. Prille then married William F. Chastain, in 1866, who died on July 31, 1877, and in 1882 she married Mr. Harlow (the subject of this article), her third husband. Mr. Harlow moved on his farm, in 1884, containing 120 acres. He also owns a farm of 320 acres, of which there are seventy acres under cultivation. The same year he opened up a store of general merchandise, which has gained a good patronage. He is a member of the Agricultural Wheel, but does not take an active part in politics leading his influence to the Union Labor party. Mrs. Harlow is a believer in Christian Science. They have no children of their own, but have adopted a child, Mary A. I. Lindley. Mrs. Harlow has seen the complete growth of Little Rock and Hot Springs, there being only one store in the latter place when she went there, and she has also lived to see all of the early pioneers of Little Rock pass away but one. Her Grandfather White was the first man to take cotton to Charleston, S. C. Mr. Harlow has witnessed great improvements in Saline County, to which he has lent his aid. His father was of Scotch descent, while his mother was of Irish origin. E. L. Harris, one of the most prominent farmers of Union Township, first saw the light of day in Dallas County, Ark. in the year 1846, as the son of A. R. and Lovey (Scott) Harris, natives of Alabama. The former came to this State in 1836, and settled in Saline County. After some ten or twelve years of prosperous life here he moved to Dallas County, where he resided until 1861, then returning to his former home. He was married about 1843 in this county, and is the father of eight children, five of whom are living: E. L. (the subject of this sketch), W.L., M. A. and Mary V. (the wife of W. P. Hunter, of Franklin). Mr. Harris enlisted in the War of the Rebellion with the Confederates, serving for about eighteen months under General Shelby. When peace again reigned he returned to this county and resumed farming. Previous to the war he was well off in this world's goods, owning some four slaves and an excellent farm, but when the war closed he found himself worth comparatively nothing. By diligence and frugality, however, he has again gained a foothold on prosperity, and is now doing very well. Mr. Harris was a pioneer settler of the county, and one of the men who surveyed the State line between Arkansas and Texas, and also assisted in surveying the swamp land on the Mississippi River. He, in his sixty-third year, and Mrs. Harris, in her sixtieth year, are both enjoying the best of health. They are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. Politically Mr. Harris is strongly Democratic, taking quite an interest in politics, not with a view of personal gain, but for the love he has for his party. E. L. Harris began life for himself at the age of seventeen by joining the Confederate army. He enlisted in Company F, Texas Battalion, commanded by Col. Morgan, during the war, and was in the battles of Pleasant Hill and Mansfield, La., besides numerous minor engagements. He surrendered at Calvert, Tex., and returned home. After pursuing his studies for two years he served as deputy sheriff at Benton for some time. Mr. Harris was married, in 1868, to Mrs. D. A. Pelton, nee McCray. She was the mother of two children by her first husband, one, J. F. Pelton, now living. Mr. and Mrs. Harris are the parents of four children, two of whom survive: W. D. (farmer) and Stella A. (at home). Mr. Harris bought the place on which he now resides many years ago. It consist of 110 acres with fifty or sixty improved, to which he has since added forty acres, making one of the best farms in this section of the country. Mr. Harris never bought a horse, though he was quite a stock raiser. His father gave him his first animal and ever since he has raised his own stock. He and his wife and son are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Politically Democratic, Mr. Harris is a man who favors all laudable public enterprises and assists in any scheme which tends to improve the condition of his neighbors or his county. Milton A. Harris, a well-known citizen, and one of the leading farmers of Saline County, residing in Bryant Township, was born in Dallas County, in 1852, and is a son of Addison R. and Lovey (Scott) Harris, born in Alabama, in 1822, and 1824, respectively. The father came to Arkansas about the year 1843 with his parents and settled in Dallas County, where they resided until the year 1861, and then moved to Saline County, where they still live. The elder Harris was a prosperous farmer during his life, and during the war a gallant soldier for the Southern cause. In religious faith he had been a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church for a great many years. His father, Claiborne Harris, a descendant of Scotch-Irish parents, was killed in Alabama when Addison was a child. The mother of Milton A. was a daughter of William Scott, whose sketch appears in another portion of this volume. Milton A. Harris was the fifth of eight children born to his parents, and has resided in Saline County since his eight year, being educated in the public schools of that place. In 1875 he was married, his wife bearing four children, only one of whom is yet living. Mrs. Harris' father died when she was very young, and her mother contracted a second marriage, her next husband being a Mr. Stedman Johnson, and now resides in Bryant Township. Mr. Harris settled on his present farm in 1879, and now owns two tracts of 147 and 160 acres each, and one tract of 150 acres under cultivation. His prosperity is the result of his own individual effort and good management, and he is one of he most influential farmers in that section. In politics he is a stanch Democrat, and for eight years was bailiff and part of the time deputy sheriff. In religious faith he is a number of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, and a liberal contributor to all charitable enterprises, besides being one of he foremost citizens in Saline County to develop and improve the moral, educational and social welfare of that county. Isaac Harrison, a farmer of Kentucky Township, was born in Cocke County, Tenn., December 18, 1829, and is the third in a family of ten children born to Abner and Mary (Jester) Harrison. Of this number only three are now living: William (a wealthy farmer of Saline Township and an ex-Mexican soldier), Rachel (the wife of Joseph Jones, a farmer of Travis County, Tex.) and Isaac (the subject of this memoir). Abner Harrison was a native of Tennessee and was of old English stock. His wife was also a Tennesseean, and of excellent family. The former was a farmer, and when he came to Arkansas located in what is now Marble Township. He cleared a small farm of Government land, and subsequently bought 179 63/100 acres, eighty of which he cleared and improved. The remainder of his life was spent on this farm, where he finally died in 1855. His estimable wife was called to her last home ten years before him. Mr. Harrison was a determined man who allowed no one to turn him from his idea of right or wrong, and was bitterly opposed to the war between the States. He belonged to the "Tookahoe" family of Harrisons, and was a rigid old school Baptist. Isaac Harrison was reared on the farm, and the days that he should have spent in the school room were passed in helping his father to break the forest soil of Saline County. He was a bright, intelligent boy, and his interest and determination to study was awakened by reading the "Life of David Crockett" and later on the "Life of History of the Jews." At the age of eighteen, making up his mind to "paddle his own canoe," he engaged as a farm hand, and also worked in the State quarry. In the spring of 1849 he joined a large body of emigrants at Fort Smith, and with them started across the plains for the "gold country." There were 350 in the party, and fifty soldiers under the leadership of Capt. Lacy, United States topographical engineer of Fort Smith. They remained together until the western border of Indian Territory was reached, where seventy-one men, including Mr. Harrison, left the main party and started on more rapidly for California. October 28, 1849, arriving at San Francisco, the members separated, each having his own plans and thinking his idea of getting rich the surest and quickest. Mr. Harrison first worked for awhile in the city of the "Golden Gate," being employed as well-digger for $6 per day. He then worked in the timber of the Red Woods, and from there went to the Calovarus gold diggings. After a short stay he emigrated to the South Yuba River, where he sold goods during the summer of 1850, and learned to write from an old copy book which some on had thrown away. During the last days of 1850 he worked in the Volcano diggings, forty miles east of Sacramento, and at that place engaged in the grocery business, meeting with very good success. Just as the outlook appeared so brilliant and the future promising a continuance of his prosperity, he was suddenly taken ill, so he gave up all thoughts of business and decided to take an ocean voyage. After an extended trip Mr. Harrison returned to his adopted soil, Arkansas, arriving at his father's house in the possession of $2,000. For one year after his return, he engaged in the mercantile business in Hot Springs, and on June 17, 1852, was united in marriage to Miss Mary J. Lindsay. Miss Lindsay was a native of Arkansas, and the daughter of John Y. Lindsay, who came to Saline County, Ark. (then the territory of Missouri), in 1825, and was one of the fathers of twelve families who cut the road to Collegeville in 1825, to this settlement. Mr. Lindsay was among the early Baptist Ministers in the county, and was a life member of the Kentucky Church, which was organized in 1832, being the second church of the Baptist denomination established in the county. He cleared and improved the farm, where our subject now resides. After his marriage, Mr. Harrison came to Saline County, and resumed his occupation of farming, but in 1853 moved to Hot Spring (now Garland) County, where he bought and improved a farm, living there until 1861. He then enlisted in a company under Capt. Gregory, and a company from Union, Ark., one from Saline and Jefferson Counties, and one from Baltimore, Md., were organized into the Second Arkansas Battalion, at Evansport, under Maj. Bronaugh. Soon after joining, Mr. Harrison was made second lieutenant, and in May was promoted to the office of captain, holding that position after the Seven Days' fight around Richmond. Robert Bronaugh was in the first Confederate troops to cross the Chickahomiuy, and attack the Federals at Mechanicsville, where Capt. Harrison lost one quarter of his men. In September, 1862, Capt. Harrison was discharged and came home, where he immediately set about to raise a cavalry company, in the Saline and Hot Spring Counties. In January, 1863, he joined in the organization of a regiment at Camden, Ark, and was made captain of the regiment, assisting Capt. Trig in commanding a battery. This position he held with honor, until he surrendered his company in Benton, June, 1865. Mr. Harrison was in the four months' blockade on the Potomac River, in the winter of 1861; in the division that covered Johnston's retreat from Yorktown; in the engagements at Williamsburg, West Point and Seven Pines. Subsequently he was in the Seven Days' fight. Capt. Harrison organized his cavalry company within the lines of the Federal army, had his shoe and blacksmith shop in the woods, and was obliged to move his camp every few days to cover signs. After the organization of Crawford's regiment, he led the attack in the battle of Poison Springs, later at Marks' Mill, and at Jenkins' Ferry. He was with Price on his raid through Missouri, and led the attack at Pilot Knob. He participated in the battle at Boonville and Jefferson City, also with Price, in his last engagement at Newtonia, MO. After leaving the main army, in the Indian Territory, Capt. Harrison surrendered to Maj. White, of the Third Missouri Cavalry, and arrived in Saline County, in June 1865. After such a brilliant war career it might not seem that the Captain would be content to go back to the humdrum of farming, but the day following his return home found him quietly working in the harvest field, as though he had never been on of the moss daring and courageous participants in the war. Since then farming has been his principal occupation, but he has served as a member of the legislature from Saline County in 1867-69. He is a member of Ionic Lodge No. 477, A. F. & A. M, and was initiated in the Masonic order at Benton in 1852. In 1853 he joined the Hot Springs Masonic lodge (No. 64), and in 1854 was elected worshipful master, serving one year. In 1866 he served as worshipful master, and in 1867, 1868, and 1869 again filled that office, four years in succession. Mrs. Harrison died September 22, 1877, leaving three children to mourn her loss; Philadelphia (Shelleto, born January 22, 1867), Sarah (Jones, born July 13, 1859), and Hannah I. She was a devout member of the Baptist Church, and was a bright, lovely woman, commanding the respect, and esteem of all who knew her. Mr. Harrison's second and present wife was Miss Ellen Darity, a native of West Virginia. To this union one child has been given, Carrie B., born February 2, 1889. After his return from Hot Spring County, Mr. Harrison bought is father's old farm on the Middle Fork of the Saline River, eighty acres of which he still owns, and in December, 1869, purchased the place where he now lives. His landed interests include over 839 acres in the county, and something over 200 acres under cultivation. It would be a difficult matter to find a more enterprising farmer and citizen than Mr. Harrison, always ready to contribute to all schools and churches, and, in fact, one of that class of men whose opinion is always accepted, and whose influence is always felt. In the year 1888 he was elected moderator of the Saline Baptist association, the oldest, Baptist association south of the Arkansas River, and he wants no greater inscription on the slab that marks his last resting place on this earth than that he was once moderator of this association. John C. Henderson, a farmer, and one of the oldest living Baptist ministers of Saline County, Ark., was born in Lauderdale County, Ala., in 1825, and is the son of Rev. Samuel Henderson, a native of South Carolina, and Sarah J. (Bush) Henderson, originally from Tennessee. Samuel Henderson came to this state in 1934, and settled in this county, being the first Baptist minister to find a home in Saline County. [See history of the Baptist Church.] The reverent gentleman was a school teacher in his early life, and in 1836 was ordained and continued in the ministry until his death, which occurred in 1842. He preached in this county and Claiborne Parish, La., spending his last days in Perry County, this State. His marriage occurred in 1809, he becoming the father of eleven children, all of whom lived to be grown: Minerva (deceased, wife of M. Lyon, whose family reside in Faulkner and Colorado Counties). Samuel (deceased), Abner (deceased), Eliza (deceased, wife of Sam Williams; family reside in Faulkner County). J.P. (resides in Texas), Alford (deceased; family reside in Garland County), Robert H. (deceased), Martha (deceased, wife of W. Hutchison), J. C. (our subject), and M.J. (deceased, his family residing at Benton.) Mrs. Henderson died in 1859, having been a member of the church for eighteen years. Her husband at his death had been a church member for thirty years, and was politically a Jacksonian Democrat. John C. Henderson never attended school, receiving his education at the old home by the light of a pine knot. At the age of twenty-one, he began farming on his own tract of forty acres, situated within on-half mile of where he now lives. Prospering as pluck deserved, he now owns 460 acres, having given 250 acres to his sons. In 1861 he joined the Confederate army as captain of Company D, Boland's regiment of cavalry. Later he was elected lieutenant-colonel of the Third Arkansas Cavalry, participating in the battle of Corinth, Miss., and numerous other engagements. Resigning in 1863, he came home in the fall, and organized a company, of which he was chosen captain. He was promoted to major of sharpshooters, and was with Gen. Price on his famous raid, being at Poison Springs, Ironton, Union City, Osage River and Westport. While charging a body of came in 1865 and resumed the peaceful pursuits of farming, which he follows today. On the second Sabbath in April 1868, he was called to be pastor of the Union Church, and regularly ordained in October of that year, having now served in that capacity for t enty-one years. He now acts as pastor of the Pleasant Grove Church, Pulaski County, North Fork and Union Church of this county. He was married in 1846 to Miss Elizabeth Chennault, of this county, and by her is the father of eight children, five now living; J. P. (an attorney, married, lives at Hot Springs), J. H. (married, at home with his father), C. B. (married, ordained a minister of the Baptist Church, September 15, 1889), Leon (deceased), M. J. (book-keeper for Townsend & Co., Hot Springs), Mary L. (wife of L. E. McMillon, lives in Benton), and S. M. (deceased.) Mr. Henderson has been a member of the church for thirty-five years, and his wife for twenty-five years. He also belongs to Saline Lodge of the I.O.O.F., located at Benton; Ionic Lodge No. 377, and A. F. & A. M.; Union Chapter No. 2, and Little Rock Council, at Hot Springs, being one of the charter members of the last named lodge. He was master of Hot Springs Lodge for a number of years, and is at present chaplain of Ionic Lodge. Mr. Henderson has seen the wilderness of the county convert4ed into happy homes, and has witnessed the transformation of dense forests into productive farms, assisting not a little himself in the general advancement. He is a Democrat. After the close of the war, in 1867, Mr. Henderson returned to his homestead, purchasing 34o acres of land, and with his noble boys began life almost anew, having been by the ravages of war reduced to total poverty, but with the assistance of Hon. J. G. Fletcher, of Little Rock, and well directed blows of industry by himself and sons, he soon climbed to a state of ease and plenty. In 1873 he built a farm house, costing nearly $1,400, also purchased a residence in Benton, costing $1,000, which he gave to his only living daughter. He has ever been a faithful minister, never missing his appointments on account of secular business, though some of his churches are more than miles from his home. He is moderator of Saline association of Baptists, consisting of the counties of Saline, Hot Spring, Garland, Montgomery, and churches of others counties. Mr. Hicks lives on Section 8, Township 3, Range 14 west, and is well known to the residents of the county, having lived in this and adjacent localities since his sixth year. He is a native of Tennessee, and was born in Hickman County, October 6, 1838, being the sixth in a family of twelve children born to Gilbert and Elizabeth (Allen) Hicks, natives of North Carolina and Virginia. Gilbert Hicks went to Tennessee with his parents when a child, and grew to manhood, and afterward married there. He was a farmer and wagon maker, and in November, 1844, moved to Saline County, Ark., purchasing land in what is now Grant County. At the time of his death, which occurred in October, 1881, he was the owner of 1,000 acres, and during his lifetime cleared over 400 acres. In politics he is a Democrat, but not an enthusiast on the subject. The later years of his life were spent in raising and trading stock, in which he was very successful. He was regarded as a leading, influential citizen, and his death was mourned by the entire community. Mrs. Hicks was a niece of Ethan Allen, of Revolutionary fame. She was a true and loving wife of fifty-two years, only surviving her husband a few months. James M. Hicks received his education in the common schools of Arkansas, and when nineteen years of age spent five months in the Hill Creek Academy, in Conway County, Ark., but, owing to sickness, was obliged to discontinue his educational pursuits and returned to farm life. It had been his intention to adopt teaching as a profession, but in this he was disappointed, although he did teach several terms. No doubt the world was deprived of a brilliant scholar when he gave up such an idea of teaching, for his fitness was destined to make him a "shining light" in educational matters. In September, 1860, Mr. Hicks was married to Miss Martha R. Burnett, a native of East Tennessee, and a daughter of Jeremiah and Sarah (York) Burnett, natives of Virginia and Tennessee, respectively. Mr. Burnett came to Arkansas in 1857, and was one of the successful farmers of the State. At the age of eighteen he enlisted in the War of 1812, and was n the battle of New Orleans. Mrs. Burnett still survives him, at the age of eighty-four. After his marriage Mr. Hicks bought land and settled in Saline County, but in 1868 sold this farm and came to Shaw Township, purchasing 160 acres, sixty of which he has since cleared. The improvements made are too numerous to mention, but among them he has built good barns, etc. He now owns eighty acres in Shaw Township, 130 cultivated, and 200 in Grant County. Mr. Hicks raises his own stock, such as horses, cattle and hogs, the principal crops grown being corn and cotton, and he was for sixteen years the principal potato grower of Saline County. He take the lead in fruit raising, having 110 varieties, including fifteen kinds of grapes and thirty-nine kinds of apples, with about the same of peaches, and nine varieties of plums. All the different kinds of berries that thrive in Arkansas are seen on his farm, and it is really a pleasure to observe such an excellent and highly cultivated farm as he owns. It would be a difficult matter to find its equal, and certainly not possible to obtain its superior. For several years Mr. Hicks has been the leading man in experimental fruit-raising and vegetable trial crops. In 1874 he began by budding peaches, and proved the same to be a success. His method of setting the trees is very peculiar, as he digs a pit 3 & 1/2; x 4 feet and twenty five inches in depth, then fills the first fourteen inches with alternate layers of coarse manure and earth, the last twelve inches being of solid earth well packed. In politics he is a Democrat, though conservative and independent. He has never been an office seeker, but has been elected to a county office, and once to township office, in both cases, however, declining to serve. For a number of years he has been director of the school district. He served three years in the Confederate service under Col. Johnson, in the Sixth Arkansas Infantry, but was never in any active engagement. He was in the hospital service, and filled the different positions of nurse, wardmaster, clerk and steward. Being a cripple he was exempt from field duty, and in order to serve the cause he believed to be right, applied to the hospital department and served there as stated above. Mr. And Mrs. Hicks are the parents of the following family: Marian W., J.G., Robert L., Emily Lee, Jeremiah T., Ida Florence, Monroe H., Obed B. Elijah F., James A. Garfield and Benjamin F. Himself and family are m embers of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and for thirteen years he has been superintendent of the Sunday school. A. B. Holland, of Brazil, Ark., owns a fine farm in Section 36. He was born in Holland Township, of this county, in 1858, being the fourth in a family of six children, in the family of William T. and Catherine (Crow) Holland. The father was a well-to-do Tennessee farmer, who moved to Saline County in 1852, and settled in Union (now Holland) Township, which was named in his honor. He entered eighty acres of land, and later took another eighty acres under the Homestead Act, which he improved, and made his home until his death, excepting one year spent in Hot Springs County. In 1861 he enlisted in the Confederate army, and served for three years, being under Gen. Price on his raid through Missouri. At the close of the war he returned to his farm in Saline County, remaining until his death, in 1885. His excellent wife still survives him. They were the parents of the following children: John (married, and resides in this township), Robert N. (married in Texas), Benjamin (who died in 1874), A. B. (the subject of our sketch), Sarah Louisa (now Mrs. Foster, of Holland Township), and Mary Elizabeth (widow of James Thompson, living with her brother, A. B.) A. B. Holland was reared to farm life, and educated in the district schools of Holland Township, commencing farming for himself at the age of seventeen years. He was married in Holland Township, in 1879, to Miss Margaret Green, a native of Saline County, daughter of Harvey and Jane (White) Green. Mr. And Mrs. Green came to Saline County from South Carolina at an early day, where the former died during the war, and his wife in 1883. After his marriage Mr. Holland settled on a farm in Holland Township, following which he moved on the old homestead; this he now owns, and has also enlarged. He has a farm of 240 acres, with about 100 acres under cultivation, it having been mostly cleared by himself. He has always been a strong Democrat, and for adherence to party principles has received the reward of being made constable of the township, which office he has held for six years. Mr. Holland is a member of the school board, also of Paran Lodge No. 309, A. F. & A. M., and in this society has held the position of J.W. Mrs. Holland is a member of the Baptist Church. The father of Mr. Holland served in the Mexican War under Capt. Waterhouse. He (A.B.) has seen a great improvement in the county since his boyhood days and can review with just pride the influential share which he has had in its development. G. R. Hunnicutt, prominent among the farmers and stock raisers of Kentucky Township, Saline County, was born in Dyer Township, this county, in 1843, as the son of William and Martha (Warford) Hunnicutt, natives, respectively, of South Carolina and Tennessee. William Hunnicutt was reared as a farmer's lad, and educated in the country schools of South Carolina. After his first marriage he moved to Alabama, where he remained but a few years. In 1837 he came to this State, settling in this county, and bought land. During the Mexican War he was employed by the Government as teamster, but when the war closed he returned home and resumed farming, taking also quite an active part in the politics of is day, for he was a man of superior education for this county at that time. He served his township as justice of the peace a number of years, dying in 1863. His first wife was Mary McCray, who bore him three children. The only one living is Catherine, the wife of J. J. Edwards, who resides in the county. Mrs. Hunnicutt died about 1839.Mr. Hunnicutt was then married to the mother of our subject, G.R. By this marriage he became the father of ten children, eight of whom lived to maturity, and five still survive: E. M. (in this county), G. R., Thomas (deceased), E. N. (deceased, widow in Benton), Eliza J. (wife of J.W. Wallace, resides in this county), Elizabeth (deceased), W.D. (deceased), Emily (wife of M.P. Davenport), and J. H. (resides in this county). The second Mrs. Hunnicutt died in 1880. In 1861, at the age of eighteen years, G.R. Hunnicutt enlisted in Company F. Third Arkansas Cavalry, Confederate army, and served four years. Enlisting as a private he was promoted to sergeant-major in 1863,holding that position to the close of the war. He took part in the following battles: Farmington, Miss., Iuka, Miss, Corinth, Miss. (here he was seriously wounded in the left side, and was confined in the hospital for two months), Thompson Station, near Franklin, Tenn., and Chickamauga, Tenn. From Chickamauga he was transferred to East Tennessee to Gen. Longstreet's command, on leaving which locality report was made to Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, at Dalton, Gs., engaging in the two days' battle at Resaca. From Resaca to Atlanta on the retreat, his regiment was under fire for forty-three days. He accompanied his regiment, which formed a part of Gen. Wheeler's command, on the latter's famous raid to Middle Tennessee, destroying railroads, fighting and skirmishing for two or three months. Then moving with his command to Gadsden, Ala., he joined Gen. Hood, who was commanding the Army of Tennessee at that time, and took part in the battle of Rome, Ga. While Hood was fighting at Dalton, Mr. Hunnicutt's regiment followed Sherman from Atlanta, fighting him all the way to Savannah. At Reynold's farm, near Savannah, this command defeated Kilpatrick in a sever4e engagement. Mr. Hunnicutt was here badly wounded in the hand by a fragment of shell. His regiment followed Sherman from Savannah to Greensboro, N.C., by way of Columbia, S.S., and Bentonville, N.C. At eh latter place a general engagement of two days with the wily Northern general occurred. The regiment later moved to Greensboro, where it was surrounded by Gen. Johnston, and at this place Mr. Hunnicutt was paroled, arriving home July 18, 1865, the first time since his enlistment. He engaged in farming for one year on rented land, when he bought 160 acres of forest land on Saline River. This he improved, living on it for fifteen years. In 1883 he sold the place, buying his present property of 184 acres, with about seventy acres under cultivation. The place had been much neglected, but Mr. Hunnicutt went to work at its improvement, and soon had one of the finest farms in the county. He was married, in 1866, to Miss Ellen Wood, daughter of David O. and Mary (Burow) Wood, natives of Tennessee. David Wood and wife moved from Tennessee to Washington County, Ark., thence to Saline County. They are the parents of ten children, five now living; Louisa (wife of J. A. Bowen, who resides in this county), Sarah (died in 1871), Cora (died in 1876), Unnania, 1st (died in 1876, Unnania, 2nd (died in 1878), Edna (died in 1881), William and Robert (twins) and Arthur. Mr. Hunnicutt was elected to the office of county treasurer in 1872, and served two terms. He was chosen as justice of the peace of his township in 1882, and still retains that office. He is a Democrat, and takes a very active interest in politics of his county. Schools, churches and all enterprises of whatever nature tending to improve the county find in Mr. Hunnicutt a sturdy champion. He is a member of Fair Play Lodge No. 32, A.F. & A.M., having filled several offices in the lodge, now holding the chair of worshipful master. Rev. Andrew Hunter, D.D., a supernumerary minister of the gospel, whose eloquent sermons have been listened to by very many residents in Central Arkansas, was born in County Antrim, Ireland, in 1814, and came to the United States with his parents when only two years of age. His father and mother first settled in Pennsylvania, where Andrew was reared and grew to manhood and received a common-school education. In 1833 he united with the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, and in 1835 went to Missouri, locating near St. Louis, where he taught school for some time. In 1836 he was licensed to preach, and for one year preached the gospel in the Choctaw nation. He was ordained a deacon at Fayetteville, Ark., in 1839and the following year was made an elder at Little Rock. He has been actively spreading the gospel for fifty-three years, and first came to Saline County in 1838, where he had charge of a circuit for one year. Since 1871 he has made this county his permanent home, and is the only minister now living whose name was on the conference roll when he joined in 1836. Dr. Hunter is of a robust constitution and still full of vigor, although he has probably done more church work than any other minister in Central Arkansas. In the fall of 1842 he was made presiding elder of Washington district, which then comprised a large portion of South Arkansas, and was afterward presiding elder of the Little Rock, Batesville, Camden, Arkadelphia and Pine Bluff districts. He is probably the most popular Methodist divine in Arkansas, and still gives his attention to church work. Strictly speaking he is a self-made man, having received most of his education since entering the ministry. During the war his reputation had spread so far that he was allowed to continue his good work without molestation. In 1844 he was one of three delegates sent from Arkansas to attend the conference in New York that divided the church, and out of 300 delegates present on that occasion there are but three yet living. In 1866-67 he was elected to represent Dallas and Bradley Counties in the State senate and was president of that body. In 1866 he was also elected to the United States Senate, but could not take the oath and was disqualified, A. H. Garland taking his place instead. He was married at York, Penn., in 1844, to Anna M., a daughter of William and Leah Jones, of Welsh and German descent, respectively, and became the father of four children, of whom three are yet living: William P., Florence (wife of W. P. Field, of Little Rock) and Andrew J. (chief clerk of the United States marshal's office eat Little Rock, and a graduate of Jones' Commercial College, at St. Louis, Mo.) Mrs. Hunter has been a member of the Methodist Church since her thirteenth year, and is just as devoted to the cause as her husband. The Doctor's parents were John and Rachel (Densmore) Hunter, of Scotch origin, but born in Ireland. The father died in York, Penn., after coming to this country, and some years later the mother was married to Joseph McPhearson, also a native of Ireland. She died at York, Penn., in 1837. Dr. Hunter had a brother, William, who was also a man of great talent and a graduate from the Madison College, at Uniontown, Penn. He was for some years professor of Hebrew in Alleghany College, Meadville, Penn., and later was editor of the Pittsburgh (Penn.) Christian Advocate. He was also presiding elder of the Cleveland (Ohio) district, where he died. Another brother, who is now deceased, named John was a prominent manufacturer of Ohio, and the sister, Margaret, is the widow of Abraham Wells, a large manufacturer of Wellsville, York County, Penn., before his death. This lady, with her son-in-law, is carrying on the immense business of her husband at that place with great success, and is widely known for her business ability. Dr. Hunter owns 152 acres of very fertile land on his home place, about one mile west of Collegeville, and two other tracts, one of 280, the other of 200 acres. > J. T. Hyatt, a farmer in Section 9, Saline Township, was born in Dallas County, Ark., in 1852, being the oldest son in a family of six children born to James and Mary (Woods) Hyatt. The former was a native of Alabama, from which State he emigrated in about 1856, settling in Saline County, Ark. In 1861 he enlisted in Capt. Walkin's company of Confederate soldiers. He was taken prisoner at the Battle of Helena, and removed to Rock Island, Ill., where he was confined as a prisoner of war. His death occurred there in 1864. Mrs. Hyatt still survives him and resides with her children: Martha Jane (now Mrs. Oglesberry, lives in Beaver Township, Saline County), William Maid (also of Beaver Township, and J. T. (the subject of this sketch.) J.T. Hyatt was reared to farm life, being educated in the districts schools of Saline Township, and commenced farming for himself at the age of twenty. He was married in Saline Township, in February, 1871, to Miss Amanda Goodwin, a native of Mississippi, and a daughter of John and Betsy (Caselberry) Goodwin. Mr. Goodwin was a native of Mississippi and came to Saline County in 1859, settling in Saline Township, where he now resides. After his marriage Mr. Hyatt rented for some years until 1877, when he bought 320 acres of land with only twenty-five acres cleared. He has since been improving and adding to it until he now owns 360 acres, with over forty acres in cultivation. Mr. And Mrs. Hyatt have a family of six children; B. Francis (died in 1883, at the age of eleven), Henry (died in 1874, at the age of four years), Mary Elizabeth (died in 1877, aged four years), James, Bletha, Lovey. They are also rearing two of his brother's children: Nola and Daisy J. Mr. Hyatt is a prominent Democrat and takes an active part in all work for the upbuilding and good of the county. William James, the oldest settler of Kentucky Township, Saline County, was born in what is now Ripley County, Mo., in 1828, his parents being Honor and Sallie (Boiles) James, natives of Tennessee. Honor James came to Missouri in 1815, where he was m married in 1817. He owned land near what is now Doniphan, Pocahontas, Ark., being the nearest trading point. Missouri and Arkansas were not then separated, and Pocahontas was the seat of justice for that section. When Mr. James came to Arkansas, there were but four settlements in the county, from Dyer Township to where Benton now is. His uncle, Jesse helped to build the first court house at the county seat, a log structure, the lumber used for flooring being sawed with a whip saw. It was necessary to got went miles to mill. When anything prevented, a steel mill was used. Mr. James did not enter land when first coming here; instead he squatted on Government land, in (present) Dyer Township, where he improved a home, remaining on this land until about 1848, when he sold his claim and moved to Holland Township. Here he bought an improved place and lived until his death in 1856. He never owned any land in this county. His chief occupation was stock raising, as it was unnecessary in those days to feed stock except occasionally during the winter, Game was plentiful, and bear, deer and turkey abounded in the neighborhood. Mr. James was twice married, his first wife being the mother of William, our subject. They were the parents of sic children (five now living, and all with a radius of twenty miles): Jesse (deceased, see sketch of W. T. James), Lucinda (widow of D. J. Robinson), Daniel, Minerva (widow of John Terry), William (our subject) and Martha (Widow of James Hutchison). Mrs. James died about 1830, and some ten years later Mr. James took unto himself a second wife, in the person of Susan Manus, a native of Indiana. BY this marriage there were three children: Sarah E. (wife of Jasper Wallace, who resides in Perry County, this state), Nancy (wife of William Hunt, a resident of Scott County), and George H. (who resides in Perryville, Perry County, this State.)Mrs. James died near the year 1848. William James, after receiving a limited education inn the county schools of this county, began his struggle for existence at the age of nineteen, as a farmer on rented land. At the close of three years he bought eighty acres of land in Dyer Township, where he resided from 1858 to 1865, when he sold out and purchased his present place, consisting of 620 acres, with 150 acres under cultivation. He has since given his sons 160 acres, 140 acres improved. Mr. James has, besides this farm, a splendid steam and grist-mill, which he owns in partnership with his son, C. F> James. With this mill they put up annually some 200 bales of cotton, and do a large amount of grinding. Mrs. James has been married three times. Miss Jane Muse became his first wife April 24, 1851, and was the mother of six children, three now living (three dying young): J. C., C.F. and J. Y. (all living in this county.) Mrs. James was a member of the Baptist Church, and died in 1874. The following year Mr. James was married to Caroline James, being divorced in 1876. Lena H. Hood became the third Mrs. James in the year 1876. Two children were born to this union: James A. and Minnie M. Mr. And Mrs. James are both members of the Baptist Church. He belongs to the A. F. & A. M, and is one of the most liberal men in the county in matters that pertain to general improvement. He is uppermost in donation to churches and schools, and has been counted one of the Baptist flock for the past forty years, his wife having belonged for twelve years. His political faith is Democracy. At the commencement of hostilities in 1861, Mr. James joined the Confederate army, enlisting as a private in Company C. Third Arkansas Cavalry, and served for four years on the east side of the Mississippi River. Three years of this time he never heard from his wife and babes. He participated in quite a number of battles: Iuka and Corinth, Miss.; Atlanta and Dalton, Ga.: Chickamauga, Knoxville, Pigeon River and Thompson Station, Tenn.: and Savannah, Ga. In 1865 he came home in company with Col. Henderson on a recruiting tour. During his stay at home the war closed, and Mr. James was paroled at Little Rock. He found his wife at the close of the war in destitute circumstances. His present possessions he has accumulated since then by hard work and good management. W. T. James, also numbered among the pioneers of Kentucky Township, Saline County, first saw the light of day in this county in 1848, as the son of Jesse and Fanny (Terry) James. Jesse James came to this State when but a lad with his father, who was known as Honor James, settling in this county. He was married twice: the first time to the mother of W.T., the subject of this sketch. Jesse was a farmer by occupation, and after his marriage bought land on Lee's Creek, where he lived for some twenty-five years. He sold this in 1886, and rented the Given Dyer farm. Her h kept boarding house on the stage route from Hot Springs, accumulating a large amount of money, frequently selling corn for $3 per bushel. He moved from there to where Charles James now lives, six miles went of Benton, Buying 300 acres of land with 100 acres under cultivation. This place he made his home until his death, which occurred in 1874. He was accidentally killed while out hunting, a man named James Kinkade having dropped his gun. The ball entered Mr. James' knee while he was in a sitting position, ranging upward and entering his body. He only survived twenty-four hours. As a farmer and trader he had been very successful. He died as a member of the Baptist Church. Seven children had been born to him, six living till maturity (and three still surviving): Martha (deceased, wife of Peter Staner), W.T. (our subject), Elizabeth (wife of P.M Wright), J.J. (resides in this county), Sarah (wife of John A. Moore), Frances (deceased, wife of John Wallice). Mrs. James was a member of the Baptist Church and died in 1854. Mrs. James was married about 1854 to Lucinda Staner, becoming by this marriage the father of six children, two dying when young. They are, James M., Minerva A. (deceased wife of Robert Wright), Mary D. (wife of Benjamin Donavant) and J. C. Mrs. James was married in 1886 to Dr. Barnes, but died the same year, a member of the Baptist Church. W.T. James was reared and educated in this county, receiving but a common-school education at the country schools. He was brought up to farm life and at the age of twenty-one began life for himself as a farmer on his father's land. In 1870, after only one year of renting, he bought property consisting of eighty acres, with twenty-five acres improved. He has since added 100 acres and now has eighty acres under cultivation, with splendid farm buildings, plenty of stock, etc. He raised many horses, cattle and mules, and has on hand some fifteen head of cows, four mules and a large number of hogs. In 1809, Mr. James was united in marriage to Miss Mary J. Moore, daughter of C. F. and Sarah (Freeman) Moore, natives of Tennessee, and the parents of ten children, six of whom lived to be grown: John A., Mary J. (wife of our subject), Paralee ( wife of Robert Wright), Alphonso (farmer), and Julia A. (wife of Jeff Brady). Mrs. Moore died about 1861. Mr. Moore was married a second time, to Nicey E. Blockwell, who b ore him ten children, eight now living: Martha, Radford, Robert, T.F., Richard F., Bertie, Rebecca and Annice. Mr. Moore came to this State in 1844 and his wife still lives in this county. Mr. And Mrs. James were the parents of ten Children (four dying when young and six still living): Jessie F. (born May 15, 1870), William R. (Born January 20, 1874), J. C. and Sarah F. (born December 24, 1876), J. E. and J. A. (born October 10, 1880), J. A died in November, 1880, Mary (died December 1, 1886), Ada B. (born April 28, 1888). Mr. And Mrs. James are both members of the Baptist Church. He takes a lively interest in the public schools, having filled the office of school director for eight years. Politically he is Democratic and has served as postmaster at Owensville for two years. Dr. Vaughn D. Lafferty, a prominent physician and surgeon of Saline County, and at present representative of that county in the legislature, was born in Dallas County, in 1854, and is a son of Vaughn D. and Eritha E. (MeCalip) Lafferty, born near Batesville, in 1816, and in Tennessee, near the year 1821, respectively. The parents were married in Saline County, about 1836, and immediately afterward-settled in Dallas County, which was the nothing but a wilderness, they being among its earliest settlers. The father cleared land and opened up a good farm, upon which he made his home until within a few years past, then moving to Ouachita County, and settling at Lester, where he is engaged in business. He was a soldier in some of the early Indian wars, and helped remove them to the West. He is a man of strict integrity, irreproachable character., and well known for his energy. His estimable wife died in 1873, a believer in the Methodist faith from childhood, and the only one of her family who ever came to Arkansas. She was of Scotch origin, while the father was of Irish descent, his father, Hon. John L. Lafferty, being a native of Ireland, who came to this county when a young man, and was a well-known navigator. He first came to Arkansas and settled near the present site of Batesville, when this State was yet comprised in the Louisiana Territory, and was here married and resided for a few years. He then changed his location to Van Buren County, where he farmed for the remainder of his days. During his life he became one of the most prominent men to public life and a highly esteemed citizen of that section, and in 1836 was a member of the State Constitutional convention from Van Buren County, afterward representing that county in the legislature for three terms. He was also elected county and probate judge for a number of years besides holding a number of high public offices. Although quite old when the Civil War commenced, the fire of battle burned fiercely in his breast, and he was one of the first to join the Confederate ranks. His death occurred about the closing period of the war. Vaughn D. Lafferty, the principal of this sketch was the sixth of three sons and five daughters, born to his parents, and was reared on a farm in the backwoods. He was educated at home by his father, and under his instructions obtained a good knowledge of the English branches. He after ward taught school himself for short time, and when twenty-four years of age, commenced the study of medicine, under his elder brother, Dr. John M., a graduate from the medical department of the University of Kentucky, at Louisville. Dr. Vaughn also graduated in 1881 from the medical department of the University of Arkansas. He immediately commenced practicing the profession in Saline County, where he has resided since, and become one of the most successful physicians and surgeons in that section. In politics the Doctor is a staunch Democrat, and in 1888, was elected by his party as representative of Saline County, in the State legislature. He is a member of Bryant Lodge No 441, A. F. & A. M., and is the present junior warden of his lodge, besides having represented them twice at the Grand Lodge. In religious faith he has been a member of the Methodist persuasion since 1880, and is a liberal contributor to all worthy enterprises, as well as being on of the foremost spirits in pushing the interests, and developing his county. As a physician he ranks among the leaders, and has performed some marvelous cures, and as a citizen enjoys the confidence of the entire community. A. J. Lancaster, farmer and stock raiser of Beaver Township, was born in the southern part of Illinois, February 25, 1830, and is the eldest in a family of thirteen children born to Jesse and Mary (Woods) Lancaster. Jesse Lancaster was a native of Tennessee and his wife of Illinois. They were married in the latter State, and when A. J. was only one year old moved to Missouri, but after a residence of two years, came to Arkansas, settling in Izard County. Mr. Lancaster followed the occupation of farming until his death in 1850, his wife surviving him till 1863. Both great-grandfathers were in the War of 1812. Of the thirteen children born to Mr. And Mrs. Lancaster, only five are living: Allen P., Jesse, Greenbery, Charlotte (Halpain) and A. J., the subject of this memoir, who was reared and educated in Izard County, remaining there until his eighteenth year, when he engaged in farming for himself. In April, 1851, he was married to Miss M. Williams, a native of Missouri, and a daughter of one of the early settlers of Izard County. After his marriage he continued farming in Izard County for three years, when a determination to travel for a time led him to explore the South and especially Texas, but he concluded at last that there was no place lie the State of his adoption. On his return located in Saline County, and has since been a resident of tis part of the county. In 1856 he came to Beaver Township, and entered eighty acres of land at 12 ½ cents per acre, clearing and improving about twelve acres. He afterward sold that and purchased the farm where he now lives. This farm consisted of eighty acres partly improved, and at the present time he has forty acres under cultivation. When Mr. Lancaster took up a home in Beaver Township, it was very thinly settled and game was plentiful. The inhabitants were obliged to depend on their own resources of clothing, and had to go twenty miles to mill. Little Rock was the nearest market, it being at that time a very small village, and Indians were numerous. When the was proclaimed Mr. Lancaster joined the Eleventh Arkansas Regiment (Col. Smith) in July 1861, and participated in the battle of Tiptonville and fight at New Madrid. In the year 1862 he was captured and kept a prisoner of war at Camp Douglas, Chicago, for some months, finally joining the army at Vicksburg, Miss. At Port Hudson in the spring of 1863, he was wounded and from that time was in a great many skirmishes until the close of the war. He was home on a furlough when the surrender was made, so never received his discharge. By his first marriage two children were born: Ambrose (married, living in Union Township) and Susan (Richey, in Beaver Township). Mrs. Lancaster died in 1853, and in 1854 Mr. Lancaster was married to Narcissa A. Wills, a native of Saline County. To this union six children have been born, three of whom lived to be grown: Benjamin, Jessie Rutha and Berris. Mrs. Lancaster's mother, Mrs. Rutha L. Mills, is the daughter of Mathew Carroll, a farmer of South Carolina, where she was born about 1807. Mrs. Mills is at present enjoying very good health for a woman of her age, and expresses a desire to go back to the land of her childhood. She has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church for sixty years, and is now living with her children. Mr. And Mrs. Lancaster are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in which the former has been steward. He is a member of Ionic Lodge No. 374, A. F. & A. M. W. H. Lawrence, proprietor and manager of a general merchandise store, does the largest business in his line in this vicinity. He was born in Banks County, Ga., on May 30, 1853, and had nine brothers and sisters, six of whom are older and three younger than himself. His father, Isaac B. Lawrence, was a native of South Carolina, and moved to Georgia at eight years of age with his parents. He married Frances Caudell, a daughter of a wealthy planter, and afterward Lawrence opened up a farm in Georgia, continuing to make that State his home. He was justice of the peace for twenty years. His death occurred in December, 1881, but his widow still resides on the old homestead. W.H. Lawrence was reared to farm life, being educated in the district schools. He moved to Monroe County, Ark., in 1872, and in January, 1873, came to Hurricane Township, Saline County, where he bought a partly improved farm and also opened up a good farm, which he after ward sold in September, 1888, then purchasing the building and stock which he now owns of W. M. Packard, and has built up a good business. He gives his strong influence to the Democratic Party. He was married in Saline County in 1877 to Miss Nancy M. A. McHaffy, a native of Georgia. They had five children, four of whom are living: Ruth Nall, Josephine Elizabeth, Rachal Rosella (who died in 1883, aged eighteen months), Clara E. and Thomas Harvey. Mr. Lawrence has ever lent his aid to all work in the interest of educational and other affairs of his town and county. He is an active business man and enjoys the confidence of his many acquaintances. L. C. McAdams, one of the leading and most progressive farmers in Saline County, was born in Hall County, Ga., in 1850, and is a son of J. Pinckney and Nancy E. (Tate) McAdams, born in Anderson District, S.C., in November, 1829, and November, 1825, respectively. When very young the parents moved to Hall County, Ga., with their parents, and in later years were there married. The father was a successful farmer, and a well-known citizen of that county, and served a great number of years as justice of the piece. During the was he served one year in the Confederate army, being a member of Company A. Eleventh Georgia Infantry, and took part in a number of important battles. His death occurred on September 9, 1862. His father was Daniel McAdams, a successful farmer, who was also born in Anderson District, S.C., dying in Hall County, Ga., in 1872. The latter was a soldier in the War 1812 and fought under Gen. Jackson at the battle of New Orleans. In religious faith he was a member of the Methodist Church, as were almost all of the family. Some years after the father's death the mother was married in Saline County to Mr. Abraham Elrod, a well known citizen of that place. She was a daughter of Nathaniel Tate, of South Carolina, who died during the Civil War in Hall County, Ga., as did also his wife. L.C. McAdams was the oldest of two children born to the parents, and was reared on a farm by his widowed mother. His advantages for procuring a good education were very limited in his youth, owing to his father's death, which put upon him the responsibility of supporting his mother, and thus dispelled any idea of attending school. A few years later he removed to Arkansas where he remained until he was twenty-one years, and then commenced farming on his own account. On January 11, 1873, he was married to Laura, daughter of George and Elizabeth Elrod, of South Carolina and Georgia, respectively, who came to Saline County in 1844 and settled near Bryant when the surrounding country was a wilderness. The father was a farmer, and a highly esteemed citizen of this county. He and wife were both members of the Methodist Church, and were the parents of ten children, of whom four are yet living. His death occurred July 11, 1889, but his estimable wife is still living. Five children were born to the marriage of Mr. And Mrs. McAdams, of whom four are still living. One the arrival of the former in Saline County, he homesteaded eighty acres of land in Hurricane Creek which he improved and sold to good advantage in 1879. He then purchased his present farm, which was then in the woods, bun now has about 100 acres under cultivation, and owns 164 acres altogether. His land is some of the best in that section, and he has accumulated his present property by his own efforts and judicious management. There is a good dwelling upon it, barns, an excellent orchard, and everything necessary on a first class farm. The land is situated about two miles south of Bryant. In politics Mr. McAdams is a stanch Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Greeley in 1872. He is a prominent member of the Agricultural Wheel; takes a deep interest in all the affairs of the county, and is one of its most valued citizens. He and wife both attend the Methodist Church and are active and liberal in their assistance toward all charitable enterprises. J. N. McAllester, merchant, farmer and ginner, of Union Township, was born in this county only one-half mile from the place on which he now resides March 31, 1851. He was the son of Andrew and Mary (Bland) McAllester, the former of whom came from South Carolina to Arkansas in 1826 and settled in Saline County, being one of the first to find a home in this section. He followed farming as a means of livelihood, discontinuing it only to participate in the Indian War of 1836, in the West. On July 13, 1837, he was married to the daughter of Moses and Vancy (McKee) Bland. He bought land close to where his son (ten Subject of this sketch) now lives, and reared his family of nine children, four of whom are now living: Mary E. (wife of G. Hoopper), John F. (deceased, 1875), Sarah E. (deceased, July 17, 1864), William (married and lives in Union Township), A. J. (deceased), James U. (merchant in Union Township), Samuel Daniel (deceased), Nancy J. (now Mrs. Milligan), Emily Q. (deceased). Andrew McAllester died January 29, 1878. He was a member of the Baptist Church. His wife survives him, living on the home place with her son-in-law, Mr. Milligan. The first McAllesters to come to this country from Ireland were William McAllester and wife, Margarette. They were the parents of the McAllesters who took such an active part in the Revolutionary War. Nathan McAllester was a brigadier-general in the ware in Ireland against the mother country known as the McAllester war. He was born in 1837, and came to America immediately after the war with England, in company with William McAllester and three sons, Nathan, Alexander and Andrew. Alexander was born May 19, 1744: Andrew, August 16, 1748. The girl of the family was Jane, born April 15, 1746. Andrew McAllester was the youngest of the three boys who served in the Revolutionary War. They were all in service six of seven years. Andrew was crippled by exposure, the others coming out unscarred. He was married to Mary Huffman, July 5, 1779, at Abbeville Parish, S.C. They were the parents of four children: Andrew (born February, 1780, died December, 1782), John (born August 29, 1781), Andrew (born September 23, 1784), F. A. (born October 28, 1792). John McAllester, the eldest son of Andrew McAllester of Revolutionary War fame, married Mary Lightfoot, of Edgefield District, S.C., near the old Ninety-six Court-house, on February 15, 1807. The same year he moved to Picking's District, where in 1808, John McAllester was born. From there he moved to Three-and-twenty Creek (known as Ben Smith's settlement), locating there December 10, 1810. On January 11, 1811, Andrew McAllester, the father of our subject, was born. Mary, wife of John, Died on May 11, 1825, and with his two sons, Mr. McAllester started to Arkansas Territory. They stopped in Franklin County, Tenn., at Lake Granby, where they remained from May to December of 1829. Then continuing their journey, they moved to St. Francis River, Ark., settling on L'Anguille Creek, now Poinsett County. Here they made the first clearing of land ever made by white men. From here they moved to Little Rock, remaining but a few days, then moving to Dogwood Springs (now Collegeville), Saline County, where they bought their first land of Gov. Pope, in 1833. They went to the west side of Alum Fork of Saline River in August, 1836. He served in the Indian War, being at Forts Tuscon, Coffee and Gibson. In 1837 he returned to Saline County and formed a partnership with Drs. Sprague and Adams, of Little Rock, locating minerals. They were very successful, locating several claims. He sold out to his partners the same year and hired to them for $50 per month to examine and locate mineral lands, but only worked for a short time. During his life Andrew McAllester was one of the leading men of this section. He was remarkably successful both as a hunter and farmer, and led all his fellow-citizens in developing the, then, new country. It is related that on one occasion Mr. McAllester and Dr. Adams were out hunting, when they discovered a large bear, and noticed, what was unusual with bears, that he could hardly get along. Coming near to him they saw that he was so fat that he could scarcely walk. Thinking that it would be best to drive him as near as possible to a neighbor's house before killings him, they began a series of maneuverings which eventually brought the big beast within on-half mile of the home, when they killed him. There are several people living in this section who frequently mention this hunt, saying it is no "fish story." Mr. McAllester was a decided Democrat. At the age of twenty-one years J. N. McAllester began life for himself as a farmer. He rented for two years, but, in 1874, purchased 120 acres of land, on which he lived until, when he sold out and bought elsewhere. He moved to the place on which he now lives in 1882, owning 1,000 acres of land, mostly wild. Among his possessions are (also owned in partnership with his brother W. M. McAllester) a fine steam gin, saw and gristmill combined, besides his store and stock of goods. In the mercantile business alone he realizes annually some $3,000. He also gins about 165 bales of cotton yearly, and does a large business with his saw-mill. Mr. McAllester has been twice married. His first wife was Mollie Smith, who he married on September 12, 1872. She died December 27, 1878. His second wife was Miss Dora Ray (born July 27, 1862) with whom he was united December 4, 1879. She bore him five children, four now living: Donie (born September 29, 1880), James David (born October 13, 1882), Katie (born April 6, 1884), Ramon Carl (born May 20, 1887), and Fred Nathan (born October 11, 1889). Mr. and Mrs. McAllester are both members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. Mr. McAllester is a member of A. F. & A. M., and is master of Ionic Lodge No. 377. He is a strong Democrat and takes quite an interest in Politicks, though he has never sought an office. His chief delight is in standing by the man whom his party may name. He favors free schools and is a liberal donator to the schools and churches. All worthy public enterprises find in him a stanch supporter and the people of the county and State would be loth to lose him as a citizen. Henry H. McCray, one of the pioneer settlers of Saline County, was born here in 1844, being the son of H. N. and Elizabeth (Carroll) McCray, the father a native of South Carolina, and the mother of Alabama. H.N. McCray was married when a young man, and removed to what is now Union Township, Saline County, Ark., in 1837, there entering land and partly improving it, when he sold out and went to what is now Grant County. He bought a claim and improved it, but some years after returned to Saline County, and settled in Union Township, the second time in 1842. Later he bought a farm on Saline River. His remaining days were spent in Benton, his death occurring March 27, 1886. He was a member of Benton Lodge No. 34, A. F. & A. M. His wife died in 1865. Henry H. McCray passed his boy-hood days on the farm, and was educated in the subscription schools of Saline County. He enlisted at Little Rock, in 1862, in Col. Crawford's regiment for three years or during the war, and was engaged in scouting, being transferred to Col. Hawthorn's regiment of infantry, where he was principally engaged in Texas. He was paroled at Marshall, Tex., in May 1865, when he returned to Saline County, becoming engaged in farming. He married in November, 1868, Miss A. J. Frances Pelton, a native of Saline County, and daughter of James and Arrilla (Williams) Pelton, of Illinois. Mr. Pelton came to the Louisiana Territory when a young man, was married here and settled in what is now Beaver Township, Saline County, Ark. He settled on a claim of eighty acres given by the territory to actual settlers, where he made his home until his death in 1846. His esteemed wife survived until 1876. Grandfather Berry Williams was a native of North Carolina, was in the War of 1812, and at a very early day came to Arkansas. His death occurred in what is now Grant County, in 1854. Mr. McCray settled in 1872 upon a farm, where he now resides, which is one of the oldest settled places in Saline County. He has also opened up considerable land, and has now about 100 acres under cultivation, owning besides 475 acres of well-improved land in Saline Township. Mr. McCray and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, and take an active part in all church work. They have been blessed with six children: Flora, Clara, Jasper, James, Rosa and Marvin. Mr. McCray has always taken an active part in everything which would tend to the improvement of the town and county, both in a material, religious and moral sense. McNeelan Lumber Company, one of the best paying industries in Saline County, is managed by enterprising men, a secret of the large patronage accorded them. They are large manufacturers of yellow pine and oak lumber, and make a specialty of railroad timber. This business was first established in 1886 by C. H. McNeelan, his father, and John D. McNeelan, a brother, but in 1888 the latter retired from the firm, and Mr. John A Russell was taken in partnership. The company are by far the strongest and most extensive dealers and manufacturers of lumber in the county, being located on the St. Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern Railroad, about twenty miles southwest of Little Rock, where they own some 2, 240 acres of the finest timber land in Arkansas, as well as many acres of timber in other sections. The senior member, John D. McNeelan, was born in Pennsylvania and reared in the State, but later on moved to Ohio, where he was married to Miss Savannah A. Extine, also0 of Pennsylvania nativity, born in 1826. Shortly after their marriage they removed to Jennings County, Ind., Where Mr. McNeelan was for many years a prominent lumber dealer. He lost his wife in September, 1876, but after her death continued to reside in Indiana until the year 1886, when he came to Saline County. He is a representative businessman, a prominent and leading figure in commercial circles, and one of the most popular citizens of Saline County. He is a son of George W. McNeelan, originally from Ireland, who came to the United States when only five years of age, and first settled in Pennsylvania, but spent the latter days of his life in Ohio. Mrs. John D. McNeelan's father, David Extine, was of German origin, and a tailor by trade. He was born in Pennsylvania, where he followed his calling for some years, later adopting the occupation of an auctioneer, which he carried on with great success in his native State and Ohio. Six sons and one daughter were born to Mr. and Mrs. John D. MCNeelan, of whom C.H. was the third. He was educated at the public and graded schools of Hopewell, Ind., and after completing his studies entered at once in the lumber business, in which he has continued ever since. He at fist remained with his father, but later established a business on his own responsibility in Indiana, which he carried on with success until coming to Saline County, Ark., in 1886. In 1881 he was married to Anna M., Daughter of James and Elizabeth Wilson, of Ohio, where Mr. Wilson resided all his life. Mrs. Wilson afterward removed to Indiana, but is now residing with her daughter, Mrs. C. H. McNeelan. The latter was born in Salem, Ohio, and by her marriage became the mother of four children, of whom three are yet living. In Politics Mr. C. H. McNeelan is a stanch Republican, and cast his first presidential vote for Grant in 1872. He is a shrewd financier, a representative businessman, and one of the best posted men on lumber affairs in Arkansas. The junior member of the firm, John A. Russell, was born in Saline County in 1863, and is a son of Hon. Alexander Russell, of whom a biographical sketch is found elsewhere in this volume. John A. was reared on a farm, and educated at the public schools of his native State, and after acquiring a thorough knowledge of the English branches, taught school himself for a number of years. In 1885 he and his father established and operated the Siddell Mill, which was afterward purchased by this company, for whom Mr. Russell then acted as book-keeper until the year 1888, when he was taken in as a partner. He is now actively interested in the management of the business, and has charge of the company's store, besides acting as Postmaster for the town of Siddell. Mr. Russell was first married in 1885 to Miss Anna Cameron, of Mississippi, who died December 25, 1885, and in June, 1888, he was united in marriage to Miss Jennie McFadden, of Clark County. In politics he is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Cleveland in 1884. He is a young man of pluck, enterprise and the proper business spirit, and promises some day to be a leader in the commercial circles of Saline County. J. Y. Mashburn, a prominent farmer of Saline County, and one of its leading citizens, was born in Talladega County, Ala., on the 24th of January, 1845, and reared on a farm. His parents were poor people, and, as for the greater part of his youth he was forced to help toward their support, was unable to attend the schools as much as he desired. He served eighteen months during the war and was a member of Col. Barbies' battalion, operating in Alabama and Georgia. He was engaged in a number of skirmishes, and fought bravely until the surrender at Talladega, Ala. After that event he returned home, and in 1866 removed with his parents to Saline County, Ark,. And the following year was married in that place to Sarah L., a daughter of Abraham and Mary Elrod, who came from Hall County, Ga., to Saline County, Ark., at an early period. Mr. Elrod was a successful farmer, and became one of the best-known citizens of the latter county during his residence at that place. Mrs. Mashburn was born in Hall County, GAS., and came to Arkansas with her parents when eight years old. Mr. Mashburn moved on his present farm in 1880, and now owns about 101 acres of fertile land with some forty acres under cultivation, and had made it all by his own enterprise and judicious management. For four years held the office of justice of the peace in Hurricane Township, and for the same length of time was justice of the peace of Bryant Township. In politics he is a stanch Democrat and cast his first presidential vote for Seymour in 1868, and has always stoutly upheld the principles and men of his party. In secret societies he was a member of Bryant Lodge No. 441, A. F. & A. M., and is senior warden, and also belongs to the Agricultural Wheel. He and wife are members of the Missionary Baptist Church, and are prompt in siding every worthy enterprise that comes to their notice Marshal M. Mashburn, the father of J. Y. Mashburn, is an old resident of Saline County, and well known throughout the surrounding country as an upright and conscientious man in all his dealings. He was born in Abbeville District, S.C., in 1817, and is a son of Daniel and Dorinda (Hughes) Mashburn, of North Carolina and South Carolina, respectively. The mother was married three times, Daniel Mashburn being her second husband. When Marshal was twelve years old they moved to Alabama, where the father died, and before the war the mother was married to John Harris, her third husband. In 1876 they came to Saline County, where the mother died on November 5, 1882, at the age of eighty-six years, a devout member of the Baptist Church. She was a daughter of Moses Hughes, of South Carolina, who afterward moved to Alabama, where he became a well-known farmer, but fell a victim to intemperance. His father was Nathaniel Wells, of Pennsylvania, and of Welsh origin, who fought in the Revolutionary War. Moses was a little boy with his father in that war. Daniel Mashburn was a farmer all his life and an honest man. He was a Baptist in religious faith and liberal in his contributions to charities that came under his notice. He was a son of Matt Mashburn, who died in North Carolina, and after his father's decease went to South Carolina, then to Alabama, where he resided until his death. Marshal M. was the oldest child of his mother's second marriage and received a fair education in his native place. In 1838 he was married in Talladega County, Ala., to Martha J., a daughter of John Moore, of that State, and became the father of twelve children of whom nine are yet living. Mrs. Mashburn was born in South Carolina and died in Saline County, Ark, on June 6, 1875. Those of their children who are living are: Jane H. (wife of Allen Adams), J. Yancy, Susan A. (wife of Jonathan Adams), Daniel H., Nancy E. (wife of Asa Baxley), Rufus C., on daughter the wife of Vesta Carmichael, Frances A. (wife of Nicholas Briggs), and Virginia P. (wife of Rufus C. Morgan.) They are all married, and Mr. Mashburn can boast of having forty grandchildren, besides a number of great-grandchildren. His second marriage occurred in 1876 to Mrs. Olive A. Ball, an estimable widow and a daughter of Joshua and Elizabeth Moore, of North and South Carolina, respectively. Mr. and Mrs. Were married in the latter State but moved from there to Morgan County, Ga. The father is residing now in Coweta County, at the age of ninety-one years. He is a prominent farmer and member of the Methodist Church, as was also his wife, who died in 1838. T. C. Mays, editor and proprietor of the Benton Courier, is too well known to need a formal introduction to the people of this section, but certainly this volume would be incomplete without giving his name prominent mention. He is a native of the "Buckeye" State, and was born in Waynesburg, in February, 1840, being the seventh son and child of a family of nine children born to Andrew and Rebecca (Ryan) Mays. The former, of old Virginia stock, was born in 1799, while his wife was a native of Ohio. He was a builder and contractor by trade, and in politics was a Whig, but very conservative. Himself and wife were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. His death occurred in Los Angeles, Cal. In 1885, at the advanced age of eight-five. He had lived in the latter State one year prior to his death, but had been a resident of the same town in Ohio for sixty years. Of the family of nine children born to Mr. and Mrs. Mays four are now living: Madison (a man of family, and a wealthy farmer, lives at Waynesburg, Ohio), W. O. (has a family and lives at Mossman, Iowa, where he has a fine farm), Arretta (is the wife of Amos Fell, a business man of Los Angeles, Cal.), and T.C. (is the subject of this sketch.) The last named was educated in the common schools of Ohio, and at the age of sixteen years was sent to Meadville, Penn., to attend college. After a short time he grew tired of college life, and entered the office of the Crawford County Democrat, serving three years, at the end of which time he was foreman of the office. The war being declared he returned to his native State, and in answer to his country's call offered himself and was accepted as a volunteer in Senator Sherman's Sixty-fifth Ohio Volunteers. He entered as a corporal, but was promoted to second sergeant after the battle of Stone River. This office he was given for meritorious conduct, and he served in that capacity until near the close of the war, retiring as captain. He participated in the battles of Shiloh (under Gen. Buell), was with Rosecrans at the battle of Stone River (where he was wounded in the left shoulder), with Thomas at Chickamauga, and there received a gunshot wound in the left hand. He was subsequently put in charge of a veteran corps company at Nashville, where he remained until the expiration of his enlistment, being honorably discharged as captain of Company A, Fifth Battalion Veteran Reserve Corps. Then entering the post-quartermaster's department he remained as chief clerk of the camp and garrison oqaipage. Upon returning to Ohio Mr. Mays filled a position as local reporter on the Cincinnati Enquirer for one year, afterward conducting the Crawford County Forum at Bucyrus Ohio, for two years. Subsquently he served as city editor of the Fort Wayne (Ind.) Sentinel for three years, and then founded the Auburn Courier, which he conducted eight years, during that time being elected and serving two terms as clerk of the House of Representatives, in the State legislature (October, 1874 abt 1878). In connection with other parties he established the first paper at Silver Cliff, Colo. In 1880 he went to Hot Springs, where he published the Daily Telegraph, and changed the name to the Evening Star. One year later the paper was consolidated with the Daily Sentinel, being published under the name of Sentinel, of which he was editor until the presidential election in 1884. In December, 1884, Mr. Mays went to Kansas City, and while engaged as reporter for the Times accompanied Ge. Hatch on his expedition to Oklahoma, in driving Capt. Payne out of that territory. Returning to Little Rock, he was connected with the Arkansas Gazette in various capacities until failing health caused him to cease his efforts in this direction, and he came to Benton. October 10, 1888, he purchased the Saline Courier, the name of which was changed to Benton Courier, and since that time he has been engaged in the publication of what has become one of the representative journals of the community. Earnest and sincere in his editorials, and having interests of the people of his adopted home at heart, his paper meets with a warm welcome in the homes into which it enters. In 1867 Mr. Mays was married to Miss Emma Mallory, a native of Bucyrus, Ohio, and to them was born one child, Hardie M., a young man of twenty-one, who holds a responsible position in an office in Fort Wayne. Mr. Mays was separated from his wife in 1886. He is a member of Damon Lodge No. 4, Knights of Pythias, at Little Rock, and is a believer in the doctrines of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Dr. Benjamin S. Medlock, prominent as one of Saline County's physicians and surgeons, residing at Collegeville, was born in Fayette County, West Tennessee, in 1834, and is the son of Judge John A. and Mary (Forsyth) Medlock, born in South Carolina in 1812 and in North Carolina in 1812, respectively. The parents resided in that State until 1842, when they moved to Tippah County, Miss. They made this place their home until 1858, and then came to Saline County, Arkansas, settling at a point about five miles above Benton, and in 1861 moved to a farm near Collegeville, where the Judge still resides with his third wife. He is one of the best known citizens of this county, and a prominent man in public life, having for four years served as county and probate judge. In secret societies he is a member of Alexander Lodge No. 353, A. F. & A. M. at Mabelvale, and also belonged to the Chapter and Council many years. He has been a member of the Methodist Church for about sixty-five years, and is a liberal contributor to all religious and educational matters. His father was Benjamin Medlock, of South Carolina, who came to Saline County in 1868, and remained here until his death, in 1874, at the age of ninety-two years. The latter had served in several Indian wars, and was noted as a great Indian fighter during that period. The maternal grandfather, Benjamin Forsyth, was a lieutenant-colonel during the War of 1812, and commanded a North Carolina regiment. He was killed during the latter part of that event. Benjamin S. Medlock, the principal in this sketch, was the oldest of eight children born to his parents, of whom there are six yet living. He was reared on his father's farm, and educated at the public schools of his native State and in Mississippi. When at the age of twenty-five years he commenced the study of medicine with Dr. R. L. Bouton, a celebrated physician of the latter State, and afterward entered the Eclectic Medical Institute at Cincinnati, Ohio, from which he graduated in 1861. The Civil War commencing at this period forced him to leave his profession for awhile, and he then joined the Company E, First Arkansas Infantry, with the rank of orderly-sergeant, and promoted to lieutenant. His service the first year covered Virginia, and afterward he fought in the battles of Bull Run, Shiloh, Murfreesboro, Chickamauga, and all through the Georgia campaign. He was captured at Jonesboro, Ga., on August 1, 1864, but was exchanged with other prisoners at Nashville, about ten days afterward, and then joined Hood, under whom he fought at Franklin and Nashville. Later on he joined Gen. Johnston, and was with him at the time of the surrender. After the war was over he r turned to Arkansas, and began to practice his profession at Collegeville, where he has since continued, and is to day the most successful as well as the oldest practicing physician in Saline County. His success financially has been remarkable, and some of his marvelous cures have caused a great deal of comment in medical circles. The Doctor has a splendid home at Collegeville, and owns about 1,050 acres of very valuable land in Saline and Pulaski Counties, with about 125 under cultivation. In July, 1869, he was married to Miss Julia Jennings, a daughter of Richard and Julia Jennings, the father an Englishman, who went to New Orleans on arriving in this country, and in 1837 moved from there to Little Rock, where he died in 1847, while the mother is now residing with Dr. Medlock and his wife. Two children were born to the Doctor's marriage, of whom one is yet living, Rosa. For a number of years Dr. Medlock has been a prominent figure in public life, and in 1866-67 represented Saline County in the legislature, and was chairman of the committees on the auditor and treasurer's books, as well as being a member of educational, medical, geological, and various other committees. In politics he is a stanch Democrat, having cast his first presidential vote for Buchanan in 1856, and several times has been a delegate to the State convention. In secret fraternities he is a member of Alexander Lodge No. 353, and also belongs to the Chapter and Council at New Albany, Miss., but has never affiliated with that order at Collegeville. He and wife and daughter belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, and take an active interest in all religious and educational matters, the Doctor having served from 1874 to 1876 as superintendent of the school board in Saline County. Constantine H. Medlock, a substantial and leading agriculturist of Saline County, was born in Hardeman County, West Tennessee, in 1835, and is a son of Judge John A. and Mary (Forsyth) Medlock, of whom a sketch will be found in the biography of Dr. B. S. Medlock. Constantine H. was reared from boyhood in Tippah County, Miss., and received his education in the log-cabin schools of that period. He was married in 1855 to Nancy J., a daughter of Philip and Sarah Smith, the father a native of Kentucky and the mother born in Alabama, in which State she also died. Mr. Smith was married three times during his life, and shortly after the death of his second wife in 1859 he removed to Columbia County, Arkansas, where he was again married, and resided until his death in 1871. Mrs. Medlock died in 1863, and three children born to her marriage also died within a short time afterward. In September, 1863, Mr. Medlock was married to Maria L., a daughter of Philip M. and Maria Smith, and a half sister to his first wife. This union gave them two children: James F. (who died in 1865) and Laura V. (who died in 1885). Mr. Medlock's first occupation was in being employed as overseer in Mississippi, where he remained until 1859, when he came to Saline County and located six miles west of Benton. In 1868 he moved to Collegeville, and in 1879 came to his present farm about one and one-half miles from that place, where he owns 120 acres of very fertile land and has some sixty acres under cultivation. During the rebellion he served in the Confederate army, and was a member of Gen. Fagan's escort until after the battle of Helena. He was then assigned to Company B, of Col. Crawford's regiment of cavalry, and operated in Missouri, Arkansas and Texas, holding the rank of sergeant, and later that of forage master. He took part in the battles of Helena, Poison Springs, Marks' Mill, Prairie Grove, Jenkins' Ferry, and many hard skirmishes, and also had four brothers in the war, all of whom are yet living: John F. (was captured and confined at Camp Douglas for a long time, and was not released until some time after the war was ended), James N. [is referred to below], Washington K. (served a short time during the last days of the war, and is now residing in Garland County), the only sister, Susannah V., is the wife of M. C. O'Bryan, a well-known merchant at Hot Springs. In politics Mr. Medlock is a stanch Democrat, but was formerly a Whig, and cast his first presidential vote for Filmore, in 1856. He served about eight years in Owens Township as justice of the peace, and filled the office in a dignified and entirely satisfactory manner. In secret societies he is a member of Mabelvale Lodge No. 353, A. F. & A. M., and has been warden of his lodge. He attends the Methodist Church, as does also Mrs. Medlock, and both are liberal contributors to all religious and educational enterprises. James N. Medlock, one of the leading merchants of Collegeville and postmaster at that place, was born in Hardeman County, Tennessee, in 1840, and served through the War of the Rebellion. He was severely wounded at the battle of Chickamauga. Mary M. Beckham, of Pike County, Ga., daughter of A. J. Beckham, of one of the leading families of that State, became his wife, and they have two children: Andrew B. Forsyth and Mary A. (both living). Mr. J. N. Medlock and Y. F. Medlock are both honored members of the Masonic fraternity, belonging to Benton Lodge No. 34, Benton, Ark. Tom M. Mehaffy, attorney and counselor at law of Benton, Ar., was born in Tippah County, Miss., in 1859, being the elder in a family of two children born to T. L. and R. B. (Bradley) Mehaffy. His father, T. L. Mehaffy, a native of Georgia, emigrated to Mississippi in 1858, but returned to Georgia in 1860, and in 1862 enlisted in Thomas Cobb's regiment, serving in the Confederate army, till his death, which occurred in 1863 from exposure and measles. His widow, the mother of Tom M., moved to Tippah County, Miss., where she remained one year, and in 1868 came to Hurricane Township, Saline County, Arkansas, where she continued to reside until 1887, then settling at Benton, where she now resides with her son, Tom M. The war had swept away all the property she had, and it became necessary to hire this boy to work on a farm, for which she received $6 a month. Mr. Mehaffy continued to work on a farm, and supported his mother and sister till he was nineteen years old. He received his education in the public schools of Hurricane Township, and attended for three years the high schools of Benton, beginning when in his twentieth year. He then engaged in teaching, at the same time applying himself to the study of law, and was admitted to the bar in 1889, and has since practiced at Benton, in Saline County. He has taken an active part in politics, is a strong Democrat, and has been city clerk of Benton since 1887. He is a member of Benton Lodge No. 34, A. F. & A. M., of which he is secretary. He was married in 1885, in Hurricane Township, to Miss Annie A. Poe, a native of Grant County, and daughter of James M. and Sarah (Swafford) Poe. Mr. Poe is a native of Alabama. He came to Arkansas at a very early day, and is now a resident of Saline County. Mr. Mehaffy has seen a vast change in Saline County since his boyhood days. He has taught in every school that he attended as a student, being principal of the Benton graded schools in 1888, and has always taken an active part in everything for the good of the town and county. Mr. and Mrs. Mehaffy are both members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, and take an active part in all church work, he being superintendent of the Sunday school at Benton. He is also secretary of the school board, and takes a strong interest in educational advancement. A. J. Mewer, farmer and stock raiser of Saline Township, was born in Van Buren County, Arkansas, March 20, 1847, and is a son of Allen and Rachel (Oversheet) Mewer, natives of Tennessee and Kentucky. Allen Mewer was a farmer and came to Arkansas sometime in 1839, settling in Van Buren County; he at one time was engaged in boating on the Red River, but at the time of his death, which occurred the day our subject was born, he was living on a farm. Mrs. Mewer married again, her second husband being J. C. Ellis, a native of Tennessee and a prosperous farmer. By her first marriage she had three children: A. J., George A. and Margaret E. The former received but little schooling in youth, the facilities at that time being very meager. He started out to work for himself when about twenty, and engaged as a farm hand in Mississippi for $8.50 per month, later, or in 1867, returning to his home in Lonoke County, where he farmed until 1870. Subsequently he worked at the saddle and harness trade in Austin, Arkansas, and Little Rock. On July 29, 1875, Mr. Mewer was married to Miss Sally A. Eagle, a native of Arkansas, and the daughter of James and Charity C. Eagle, natives of Georgia and South Carolina. Mrs. Mewer is a sister of Gov. James P. Eagle [whose sketch appears in this volume]. After his marriage Mr. Mewer continued farming till 1883, when he came to Saline County and purchased a farm of 248 acres ten miles north of Benton. In 1886 he traded this farm in Beaver Township for a farm in Saline Township, on which he lives, and another in Bryant Township, the two farms now comprising 110 acres. In addition to this property he owns 275 acres in Lonoke County with about 150 under the plow. During his residence in Beaver Township he carried on the mercantile business, and in 1883 former a partnership with T. J. Bragg, continuing the business until 1885, when he bought Mr. Bragg's interest and continued the business in his own name. The December following he traded farms as stated above, and two weeks later moved his stock of goods to the farm, where he now resides. In connection with the store, which he successfully conducted on his farm, he ran a peddling wagon for about one year. He then sold his merchandise, and since that time has given his attention to agricultural pursuits, though during the last year has been in the beef business. Mr. Mewer is a Democrat, but not active in political circles. He has held the office of school director in the school district for some time. Himself and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in which the former is steward. He is a public-spirited man and contributes generously to all church and school enterprises. A. P. Mitchell, the well-known postmaster and merchant, of Traskwood, Ark. is a native of Tennessee, and was born in Hardeman County, Tennessee, on December 3, 1845. His father, Dr. Alphonso Franklin, a native of Iredell County, N. C., born November 6, 1816, moved to Tennessee when quite young, and remained there until 1851; he then came to Saline County, Arkansas, and is now residing three and one-half miles from Benton. He is one of the prominent and popular physicians of the county. His wife, whom he married December 10, 1844, was formerly Sarah Ann Phillips. A. P. Mitchell was reared on a farm and received his education in the schools of Benton, later on spending one year in school at Chatfield Point, Texas. The year 1871 witnessed his marriage to Miss Nancy H. Hawkins, a native of Arkansas and the daughter of J. H. Hawkins, one of the old settlers of Saline County. To this union were born the following children: John F. (born February 7, 1872, teaching in the public schools of Saline), William A. (born January 28, 1874, also a teacher), Alphonso C. (born July 16, 1877), Mary H. (born July 28, 1879), and Frederick (born May 28, 1881). In the winter of 1889 Mr. Mitchell was bereft of his wife, and September 10, 1889, he married his second and present wife, Mrs. Rachel Hawkins, the widow of John Hawkins. In 1881 Mr. Mitchell was appointed postmaster at Traskwood, and is still holding the office, having also filled the position of deputy postmaster ever since it was established in 1874. In 1877 he erected a mill and cotton-gin, which he has been successfully operating since that time. With his drug and general merchandise, milling and farming pursuits, it would seem that he could not do justice to them all, but he certainly does, and has proved himself equal to anything he undertakes. He owns 700 acres of fine land, with over 100 in an excellent state of cultivation. The school board realize him to be one of their influential members, and he was justice of the peace for some years. Mr. and Mrs. Mitchell are members of the Baptist Church, and the former is a member of Fair Play Lodge No. 32. A. F. & A. M., also being identified with Benton Lodge No. 1319, K. of H. Traskwood realizes in Mr. Mitchell one of its most enterprising and influential citizens, and one who is always ready to support all church and school matters. Samuel A. Mitchell owns a large well improved farm of 266 acres in Section 30, Saline Township, Saline County, on which he resides. He was born in this county in 1857, being the second in a family of eight children. His father, Dr. Alphonso Mitchell, was a native of Iredell County, N. C. He married in Hardeman County, Tennessee, Miss Sarah A. Phillips, and in 1849 came to Saline County, Arkansas, settling on a farm near Benton, where he commenced the practice of medicine, being one of the early physicians of the county. He had a large practice during the next thirty years, when he retired from active life and now resides with his wife on the old homestead. Mr. Mitchell was reared on the farm and educated in the public schools of Benton, commencing farming for himself on the place where he now resides in 1878. He has about eighty acres under cultivation, with an excellent frame house and other buildings, and is a lover of fine stock. He raises cotton, corn and oats in great abundance. In 1883 he erected a large cotton-gin and grist-mill combined, having the largest gin in this section of the county, and he has better facilities for doing good work than any other. The machinery in this establishment cost $1,300. Mr. Mitchell was married in Collegeville, Saline County, in September, 1879, to Ermin Glidewell, a native of Saline County, and a daughter of John and Sarah (Baram) Glidewell. Mr. Glidewell was a native of Western Tennessee, and came to Saline County in about 1851, when he settled at Benton. He is by trade a gunsmith. Later they moved to Owens Township, where they now reside. Mr. Mitchell is a strong Democrat, and is a member of Saline Lodge No. 1317, Knights of Honor. He owns a farm of forty acres of fine bottom land, fifteen acres of which are under cultivation, and has just completed a good barn on his homestead 24x36 feet. He is the father of the following children: Fannie, James, Edward, Grover and Caleb. Mr. Mitchell has not only made his own way in the world but has done his share to bring about the present improvement of Saline County. A. H. Murphey, farmer, of Marble Township, Saline County, was born in this county, within one-half mile of the place on which he now resides, in the year 1860. His parents were Robert and Nancy (Hogan) Murphey, natives of Alabama, who came to Arkansas in 1850, settling on the place which his son now occupies. In 1858 Robert Murphey was elected to the legislature of this State, and in 1860 was his own successor, serving four years. His term covered the exciting period when the State seceded, though he opposed secession. On account of his age he was not in the war, but was wounded by the United States troops and taken to Little Rock, where he died in prison in 1863. He was a man of considerable property, owning some slaves and a large amount of stock on his ranch, which included 160 acres of land, nine miles west of where his son lives. He was twice married, the first time, about 1820, having by this marriage two children, both deceased. His second marriage was to the mother of our subject, about 1847, and six children were given them, two of whom survive: I. B. (in Pulaski County), and A. H. Murphey. Mrs. Murphey was married the second time to Hugh McKinley, who died in 1870, his wife following him in 1882. Mrs. McKinley was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and a devout Christian. Mr. Murphey was a member of Benton Lodge, A. F. & A. M., and was quite prominent in the order. He was also very active in politics, being an advocate of Democratic principles. A. H. Murphey lived with his mother until 1879, when he commenced farming on his own accord. He and his brother owned the old homestead, where they worked together until 1888, when he purchased his brother's share. The place then contained 160 acres. He has since added 160 acres, making a fine farm of 320 acres, eighty improved, with good farm buildings, barns, etc., and plenty of stock to run the place. He was married to 1879 to Miss Mary S. Glenn, a native of this state and daughter of C. T. and Amanda Howard, natives of Tennessee, and the parents of nine children, seven of whom are now living: David, Mary S. (wife of A. H. Murphey), Jane (wife of I. B. Murphey), Sarah (wife of J. W. Newkirk), J. W., J. C., and Laura B. Mr. and Mrs. Glenn reside in Hunt County, Texas, moving there from Garland County, Arkansas, in 1888. Mr. Murphey is not very active politically, but supports the Democratic party. He is also a member of the A. F. & A. M. In the schools he takes much interest, and lends his influence to all worthy enterprises for the advancement of the interests of his county. David S. Ramsey, farmer and stock raiser of Shaw Township, is a native of Georgia, and was born in Hall County, March 4, 1827, being the son of William and Cynthia (Gess) Ramsey, both natives of Georgia, who were married in that State. William Ramsey was a farmer and one of the first settlers in that portion of Georgia. He was a quiet and good citizen, and in politics was a Whig. He died with sickness and is buried near Dalton. He left his wife with the following family: Elizabeth (wife of William Payne, a farmer of Georgia), Rhoda Allen (widow of Allen), Polly Ann (wife of David Smith, of Whitfield County, Ga.), David S., Nancy M. (wife of C. F. Payne, of Howard County, Ark.), Wilson L. (died in the army and was buried near Holly Springs, Miss.), Harriet J. (wife of Thomas Blackwell, farmer of Faulkner County, Ark.), and Wilburn B. (killed at the siege of Atlanta, in 1864, and buried there.) David S. was reared to farm life, being deprived of the opportunity to attend school, for, at the death of his father, he, as the oldest son, was obliged to assume a great responsibility. This he did faithfully, giving everything he made to his mother until he was twenty-two years old. When about fifteen years old he worked for 12 1/2 cents per day, in order to be of some help to the family. In 1849 he married Miss Catherine Turner, a daughter of Louis Turner, and a native of Georgia. After his marriage Mr. Ramsey engaged in farming for two years in Georgia, but in the fall of 1854 came to this county. The first five years of his residence here he rented land, and spent most of his time in hunting, as that was a source of great profit, producing sometimes as high as $15 per day. In 1855 he entered 160 acres of bottom land at 75 cents per acre. He added to this by buying and homesteading until he had 640 acres, and now has all but 160 which he has given to his children. He has cleared 150 acres and built a good substantial home. From the time of the settlement to the war he lived on Section 31, Township 2, Range 14, and since then has lived one mile east of that place. Mr. Ramsey came to Arkansas to secure a home and escape paying rent and is much pleased with his choice. He speaks in high praise of the country, and thinks it the only place to live in. He says there is a good market for all kinds of products, and it is his desire that people shall enter who will help build up the county. When the war broke out he enlisted in the scout service, under Gen. Fagan, and remained with him till the close of hostilities in 1865. He was in the battles of Mount Elby, and at that time was slightly wounded, also taking part in the engagement of Pilot Knob, and was paroled in Navarro County, Texas. At the close of the war he returned to the place where he now resides, having made numerous improvements since that time. Mr. and Mrs. Ramsey are the parents of twelve children, eight of whom survive: William T. (born November 4, 1849), Elizabeth (born October 24, 1851), Cynthia (born January 12, 1852), John W. (born July 4, 1858), James A. (born October 8, 1862), Thomas F. (born October 12, 1867), Sarah F. (born August 31, 1863), Joseph S. (born October 9, 1865), and Rhoda Ann Belle (born January 9, 1873). Mr. Ramsey is a supporter of the Baptist doctrine, and his family are members of the Methodist Episcopal and Baptist Churches. He is a member of Lodge No. 1319, K. of H., Benton, Arkansas, and though he takes no active part in politics he is a stanch Democrat. His farm is stocked with mules, horses, hogs and cattle. He takes an active part in and gives his support to all enterprises for the good of the county. T. J. Roberts, among the most prominent farmers and stock raisers of this county, was born in North Carolina, in 1825, and is the son of Thomas and Eliza (Worlick) [actually Warlick] Roberts, natives of the State of North Carolina. Thomas Roberts was a farmer, school teacher and surveyor, and resided in the county of his birth until his death. The Great-grandfather Worlick served in the Revolutionary War, together with four brothers. They were all killed, the grandfather meeting his death at the hands of Tories and Indians while at home. The three brothers are mentioned in United States histories, as men deserving of emulation. Thomas Roberts and wife were the parents of twelve children, nine living till maturity, and four still surviving: Rufus A. (in Dallas County, Texas), Lucinda M. (wife of Henry Schank, in Cleveland County, N. C.), Cynthia E. (wife of Mr. Griffen, in Ada), and Thomas J. Thomas Roberts died in 1842, at the age of forty-two years. He was born August 16, 1800, married August 16, 1821, and died August 16. He was a member of the Baptist Church, and took quite an active part in the interest of his country as a member of the Whig party. Mrs. Roberts, who was a member of the Baptist church, died August 16, 1844, at the age of thirty-nine or forty. When the mother died Thomas was only seventeen years of age, but he was compelled to shift for himself. He began by learning the tanner's trade, while his oldest brother was a saddler, the next a tanner, and the two younger practitioners of medicine. In 1846 the young man moved to Tennessee, and settled in Greene County, buying a tanyard one and one-half miles from Bulls Gap. There he lived for seven years, moving to this county in 1853. Buying a tanyard, he remained here for seven years, removing thence to White River, Independence County, in 1860, settling on White River, close to Col. Morgan Magness, his third cousin. He remained in that place and Batesville for two years, when, in 1862, he moved near Little Rock. Here, twelve miles north of the city, on the old Howell tanyard, he ran a tanyard for one year. He then returned to his old homestead in this county, and resumed his old business, which he continued until 1875 or 1876. He also made saddles for some time after the war. In 1846 he was married to Mrs. Mary L. Dickson, nee Houser. Eight children were born to them: Elizabeth (wife of T. J. Highland, who lives in Hot Spring County), Cordelia (wife of William Williams, who lives in this county), Mary L. (at home), John T. (deceased), William S. (lives in this county), Rufus P. (deceased, family resides in Mississippi), Morgan L. (at home), and Faithie A. (wife of P. J. Bradfield.) Mrs. Roberts was the mother of one child by her first husband, J. F. Dickson, Nancy J. (widow of J. Williams.) Mr. Dickson died August 16, 1845. Mr. Roberts was postmaster at Blocher, in 1881, and has served his township (Marble) fourteen years as justice of the peace. He and his wife are both members of the Baptist church, and he is a believer in the principles of Democracy. Both the grandparents of Mrs. Roberts served in the Revolutionary War, being at the battle of King's Mountain. Grandfather Houser lived within two and one-half miles of the battlefield, and her father bought bought the land on which the battle was fought. The paternal grandmother lived to be one hundred and five years old. Her old home still stands, being made of stone. The maternal grandfather, Benjamin Jones, was all through the war, and was some eighty years old when he died, his wife Faithie, living to be eighty or eighty-five years old. T. J. Roberts own 180 acres of land, with fifty acres under cultivation. As a resort for travelers and tourists Mr. Robert's place has no superior in the State. He has a splendid residence, and fine springs of running waters. He was a pioneer in this section of the country. C. H. Rucker, a prominent farmer and stock raiser of Shaw Township, is a native of Georgia, and was born in Franklin (now Banks) County on October 30, 1850, the son of Amos and Amanda (Furr) Rucker. Amos Rucker was born in 1825 in Franklin County, Ga., and his wife in Hall County in 1829. The former was a farmer, and also engaged in ginning and grain threshing. In his political views he was Democratic and a believer in the doctrine of the Baptist Church. He was one of the leading citizens of the county in which he resided, and his death, which occurred March 11, 1889, was regretted by the entire community. His excellent wife survives him, and resides on the old homestead. They were the parents of twelve children: Sarah L. (Rogers), Elizabeth M. (Ray), Paul W. (married), Hester A. (Kidd), M. J. (O'Kelley), S. D. (Davenport), Augustus C. (deceased), Claude, Melissa and Belle (at home), A. C. (deceased) and C. H. (the subject of this memoir). C. H. Rucker was reared to farm life, and received his education in the common schools of his native State. When twenty-one years old he was ambitious to begin life for himself, so engaged in farming, but realizing that it was not good for man to be alone, he was married on October 30, 1870, to Miss Mattie Lile, a native of Georgia, and the daughter of William and Eliza (Yarbrough) Lile. After his marriage Mr. Rucker continued to reside in Georgia until 1883, when he sold his property and moved to Saline County, Arkansas, landing at Benton on November 21, 1883. That same year he purchased 150 acres in Shaw Township, with about twenty-seven acres under the plow, and now has a large and finely cultivated farm, not to be surpassed by any of its size in the vicinity. The first five years of his residence here Mr. Rucker was in partnership with his brother in the ginning, saw and grist milling business, but he sold his interest to his brother, and since that time has given his exclusive attention to farming. Mr. and Mrs. Rucker are the parents of seven children: William A. (born September 12, 1872), Mattie and Minnie (twins, born March 11, 1875), Daisy Lee (born December 2, 1879), Cicero L. (born January 5, 1883), and Marvin and Mertice (twins, born June 6, 1885). Marvin died June 29, 1885. Mr. Rucker was identified with the temperance societies, and the Grange movement while in Georgia. He is a Democrat in his political views though not an enthusiast. Himself and family are members of the New Friendship Baptist Church, in which the former is clerk. He has held the office of school director in his district, and not only takes an interest, but contributes generously to all enterprises of a worthy character. P. W. Rucker, farmer, miller and ginner, of Shaw Township, was born in Georgia, November 19, 1854, and received his education in his native State. He was engaged for three years in the mercantile business in Bank County, Ga., and in 1880 came to Arkansas, pursuing the occupation of farming for three years, after which, in 1883, he embarked in ginning and milling with D. S. Ramsey for three years, and then in partnership with his brother, C. H. Rucker. They were burned out in 1887, but rebuilt in 1888. In the spring of 1889 Mr. Rucker bought his brother's interest, and is now sole proprietor of the plant. He is at present erecting a new gin-house and mill, and is putting in new gin machinery and a Thomas press, the best press manufactured, and he will have the satisfaction of knowing that he has the best plant in the country. In addition to his mills Mr. Rucker has 120 acres of land, with forty under cultivation. He was married, April 15, 1884, to Miss C. K. Ramsey, a daughter of D. S. Ramsey, of Saline County, and to them have been born two children: Augustus A. (born December 29, 1885), and Sammie J. (born March 5, 1889). Mr. and Mrs. Rucker are members of the Missionary Baptist Church, and Mr. Rucker is never behind in contributing and giving his support to all enterprises for the good and growth of the county. Hon. Alexander Russell, a man well known in public life, and one of the leading planters in Saline County, was born in Orange County, N. C., near Chapel Hill, in 1832, and is a son of William and Jane (Thompson) Russell, both natives of the same county and State, the father having been born in 1800 and the mother in 1797. The parents were married in the year 1831, and resided in their native place until 1848, when they came by wagon to Saline County, Arkansas, the trip taking two months. They settled on a small improved farm in Bryant Township, where they resided until the mother's death in 1882, when the father then went to live with his children, with whom he remained until his death on May 27, 1889. Both parents were members of the Methodist Church, and devout Christian people. The mother, although somewhat of an invalid all her life, never took a spoonful of medicine from a physician, and in her old age could read fine print without glasses and thread a cambric needed. She died at the age of eighty-five years, and during her life was a model housekeeper. Her father, the Hon. John Thompson, of North Carolina, was one of the distinguished men of that State, and served several terms in the legislature. He was well known throughout the South, and was one of the most prominent men in public life in that section. By occupation he was a farmer and miller, and was very successful in those callings. The paternal grandfather, John Russell, was a native of Ireland, and a weaver by trade, who left his country from persecution. He took part in the Revolutionary War, and after that event moved to the State of North Carolina and settled in Orange County, where he resided all his life. His son, William Russell, previously mentioned, was an active and enterprising citizen of Saline County after his arrival in Arkansas, and a well-known figure in political circles, but never aspired to public office. He was a member of Benton Lodge No. 34, A. F. & A. M., and stood high in Masonic circles. His wife had been previously married, her first husband having been Mr. George Johnston, by whom she had three sons and one daughter. Alex. Russell was one of four children born to the second marriage, of whom three were girls, and two yet living. He received a fair education in the log-cabin schools of his birthplace, and by self-tuition acquired a good mastery over the English branches. He was married in Saline County in the year 1850 to Sarah, daughter of John and Nancy Nelson, of North Carolina, by whom he has had eight children, all sons, and four yet living: Henry Bascom (a successful farmer, also engaged in merchandising), John A. (a well-known lumberman), Ezekiel and James (twins, and both teachers). All of them received the best of educations, and the last two at the State University. During the Civil War Mr. Russell enlisted in Company K, Eleventh Arkansas Infantry, and after about two months' service ill-health forced him to leave. Upon recovering he joined Company E, Second Arkansas Infantry, and operated in Tennessee, Kentucky and Mississippi, taking part in the principal battles in those States. He held the rank of lieutenant, but commanded the company almost the entire time. After reaching home in 1874 his party elected him to the legislature, and during his term of two years was chairman of several select committees, viz.: On claims, county lines and circuit courts, and was also a member of the Agricultural Committee and Committee on Elections and Insurance. In politics he is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Buchanan in 1856. He is an influential man with his party, and a stanch supporter of its men and principles. Mr. Russell is one of the most active citizens in the county in furthering its development. He has twice been a delegate to the State Agricultural association, and for one year was its vice-president. In 1877 he was appointed by the Governor as a delegate to the cotton convention in Georgia, but owning to sickness was unable to attend. During the war he lost almost his entire property and in fact everything he possessed, but since that time he has again built up his fortune in that manner that excites the admiration of every one, and now owns, besides his other interests, 300 acres of fertile land, with 100 acres under cultivation. Patrick Scott, an esteemed and popular citizen of Saline Township, was born in St. Clair County, Ala., December 3, 1826, and is the son of William M. Scott, one of the early settlers, having come here in 1833. Mr. Scott was one of the commissioners who laid out and helped to form the present survey of the county. He represented the county in an early day legislature, and was a botanic physician of no mean ability. Patrick Scott is the fifth in a family of eleven children, seven of whom are now living. He came to Arkansas in the latter part of 1833, and was educated in the schools of Alabama and Arkansas. He chose to follow his father's occupation, and that he made a success of his choice, that of farming, is proven beyond a doubt. When twenty-three years old he was married to Miss Jane Nelson, a native of North Carolina, and the daughter of John and Nancy (Burnsides) Nelson. She was born September 25, 1826, and married August 9, 1849. Their marriage has been blessed with nine children: A. W. (born August 5, 1850, married), Mary T. (born October 4, 1852, died February 1, 1857), John M. (born October 17, 1854, married), Laura A. (born December 15, 1856, now Mrs. Tarplay), Patrick H. (born July 10, 1859, married), W. C. (born February 4, 1872, deceased May 8, 1885), Benjamin T. (born March 17, 1864, unmarried and a minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church), R. A. (born February 12, 1867, married), and Samuel B. (born August 27, 1869, a student of Fayetteville University). Shortly after his marriage Mr. Scott settled on the farm where he now resides, consisting of about 270 acres with 100 under cultivation. He erected fine buildings, including house, etc., and good fences. The orchards are second to none in the county, and altogether it is one of the finest farms in that part of the country. During the last eight or ten years Mr. Scott has made his own and neighbors' sorghum, and has always raised all crops necessary for his own use. During the war Mr. Scott remained at home, so was never injured nor did he suffer particular inconvenience, consequently he harbors no prejudices against any one. He is one of those quiet, unassuming men who has never aspired to official positions or filled any office except that of director of school district. In politics he sides with the Democrats. He is a member of Benton Lodge No. 34, A. F. & A. M., and himself and family are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Since 1860 Mr. Scott has been a minister of that church, and in 1867 was ordained deacon; in 1871 ordained elder, and has always been an earnest worker in the church and Sunday school. He was the leading spirit in locating and securing the Salem camp-ground in 1867, which is probably one of the most noted places of that kind in the State, and also helped to organize the Salem Church in 1859. Mr. Scott is not a follower, but a leader in all enterprises that betoken the good or growth of the country. Joseph Scott, prominently numbered among the pioneer settlers of Saline County, was born in St. Clair County, Ala., in 1829, and was the sixth in a family of nine children, of whom seven are living, born to William Milton and Annie (Scott) Scott. The former was a native of South Carolina, and in an early day went to Alabama (about 1818), in 1833 emigrating to this county, then a wild waste and thinly settled, and where game was abundant. He located in Pulaski (now Saline) County, and engaged in farming and took an active part in the county's formation, subsequently serving in the legislature, and also as county and probate judge. His death occurred in 1857, but his esteemed wife survived until 1867. Joseph Scott was reared to farm life, being educated in the subscription schools, and aided in clearing up the old homestead. He commenced farming for himself in Saline Township, and was married here in 1850 to Elizabeth Dodd, a native of Alabama and a daughter of David and Sarah Dodd, who came to Arkansas about 1836. Mr. Dodd served the county two terms in the legislature, being a prominent Whig leader. His death occurred in 1870. Mr. Scott's first wife died in 1856. By that union he had two children, both living: Henry Scott (who resides in Downey, Cal., where he holds the position of cashier of a bank), and David M. (engaged in farming in the State of Texas). Mr. Scott was again married in 1857, Sarah E. Lindsey, of Saline County, and a daughter of Joseph and Hannah (Milliner) Lindsey, of Alabama, becoming his wife. Mr. Lindsey came to Arkansas at a very early day, where he engaged in farming. Both have been dead for some years. Mr. Scott enlisted in 1864 under Col. Crawford and was with Gen. Price in his raid through Missouri, being paroled in 1865, and returning to Saline County, where he resumed farming. He owns a part of the original homestead of 160 acres, and has since added to it, owning at this time 600 acres, 200 of which are under cultivation, devoted principally to corn and small grain. He also raises some stock. Mr. Scott has been elected on the Democratic ticket to the offices of county judge and probate judge, holding these offices for some twelve or fourteen years from his first election in 1854. He has also served as justice of the peace for several years. A prominent member of Benton Lodge No. 34, A. F. & A. M., he has been worshipful master several times. He is also a member of the Chapter at Little Rock. Mr. Scott lost his second wife September 8, 1887, who left five children, all of whom are living: Joseph B. (married and in Saline, and a teacher by profession), Thomas D. (a Methodist Episcopal minister, of Chicot County), Mary Ann (now Mrs. Pelton, of this county), Isabella (at home), John W. (also at home) and one child (deceased). Mr. Scott has also served as deputy sheriff. His aid and influence have ever been given to the growth and welfare of this locality. Winfrey G. Scott, one of the well-known dealers in general merchandise at Benton, Ark., was born in Saline Township, Saline County, in 1837, and is a son of William M. and Anna Scott, who were born in 1794 and 1799, respectively. The parents were married and moved to Saline County in 1833, settling at a point about five miles northwest of where Benton now stands. The surrounding country at that time was a wilderness, and Little Rock itself nothing but a trading post. They resided at that place for about two years, and then settled on the military road, a small improved tract of land some three miles northeast of Benton, where the father died in 1857. The mother followed him in 1875, dying in the town of Benton. The elder Scott was a farmer of wide acquaintance during his life, and, as elsewhere mentioned, a botanical physician of extensive reputation. He served as county judge for some years, and was also elected to the legislature. He was a self-made man in every respect, and was highly esteemed throughout the surrounding country. He was a prominent member of the A. F. & A. M. for many years. Winfrey G. Scott was the tenth of eleven children born to his parents, and attended private schools about three months of the year. During the Civil War he served three years in the Confederate army, and was a member of Company E, First Arkansas Infantry, for about one year. He was discharged from this company on account of ill- health, but on recovering joined a company of cavalry in Gen. Fagan's army, and operated one year in Arkansas, serving until July, 1864, when he was captured in Arkansas and confined for nearly three months at Little Rock, and from there taken to Alton, Ill., and kept a prisoner until the close of the war. he took part in many skirmishes, the last one being the occasion of bravery, which was rewarded with a promotion to lieutenant. In 1867 he was married to Sarah Frances, a daughter of William S. and Mary Lee, who moved from Tennessee, their native State, to Saline County, Ark., where they passed the remainder of their days. Mrs. Scott departed this life in 1875, and in 1876 Mr. Scott was married to Sarah Emeline, a daughter of Thomas and Marium R. Poe, who died in what is now Grant County. This marriage gave Mr. and Mrs. Scott one son, Thomas M. Mr. Scott and his family continued to reside on the old homestead until the year 1883, when he moved to Benton, where he has accumulated considerable good business property, and also owns a nice cottage residence, all of it having been made by his own energy and business tact. In politics he is a stanch Democrat, and a stout upholder of that party since he cast his first presidential vote for Breckenridge in 1860. He also belongs to the Knights of Honor, Saline Lodge No. 1319, and is chaplain of that lodge. He and wife are both members of the Methodist Church, to which the former has belonged for over thirty years. E. W. Searcy, farmer and stock raiser, of Holland Township, Saline County, whose birth occurred in Alabama, in 1847, is the son of Reuben and Isabella (McDonald) Searcy, both natives of Alabama. Mr. Searcy moved to Bradley County, Ark., in 1857, and remained there for some time. He died in 1881, his wife surviving him only one year. They were members of the Baptist Church, and were married in 1825, becoming the parents of twelve children, nine of whom lived to age of maturity (and six of whom are now living): Nancy E. (deceased, married E. M. Fikes), Isabella (wife of W. L. Moore), Margarett (wife of J. F. Henson), Melvina (wife of E. Stenson), J. B. Polina (deceased, wife of W. J. Thomas), J. R. (deceased), Sarah J. (deceased, wife of W. S. Whaley), E. W. (the subject of this sketch), Dora E. (wife of Z. T. Moore), B. Y. (deceased), Sarah A. (deceased), and Napoleon (deceased). At the age of twenty-two E. W. Searcy commenced life for himself as a farmer in Cleveland County, on his father's land, where he remained until the war, going in 1863 to Texas with his parents, where he continued until after the conflict closed. In 1866 he moved to Claiborne Parish, La., but one year later went to Drew County, and then to Texas, staying one year in each place. Returning to Cleveland County he engaged in farming, and also opened up a store of general merchandise, finally selling out the latter business and turning his whole attention to farming. Mr. Searcy purchased his present farm in 1886, consisting of 120 acres, twenty acres of which were cleared. He now has over eighty acres in cultivation, and is preparing to build several houses. He intends to make a specialty of stock raising. In 1869 he married Miss L. C. Parks, of Texas, daughter of Newton and Mary (Moore) Parks. Mr. and Mrs. Searcy are the parents of seven children: Mary E. (a teacher), James N., Lulia B., Ruth, John R., Mason and Garland. They are both members of the Missionary Baptist Church. Mr. Searcy is a liberal patron of both church and school work, and of all enterprises for the upbuilding and development of his adopted home. He has just completed a steam-power cotton and grist mill combined, and thoroughly understanding the business, will undoubtedly enjoy a large patronage. H. Carlton Shaw. Among the prominent and popular men of the county is H. C. Shaw, familiarly known as "Carl Shaw." He is a native of Georgia, was born April, 1853, and is the son of Hiram M. and Elizabeth (Arnold) Shaw, natives of South Carolina, but who were married in Gwinnett County, Ga., in 1833. They moved to Walker County, Ga., the year before the Indians were driven out of the territory (in 1837), and lived there till 1857, when they came to Saline County, Ark., and settling on what is known as the Shaw farm. Hiram Shaw was one of the influential citizens of the settlement, and in 1877 headed the petition and was the leading spirit in securing the present lines of Shaw Township. As would be supposed the township was named for him, and very properly too, for he was one of the men that brought the locality up to its present standard. During his residence in Georgia he filled the different positions of county judge, sheriff and county and circuit clerk of this county. After coming to Arkansas he was not active in local politics, but voted the Democratic ticket. He was postmaster for several years at Merit, and at the time of his death, in 1875, owned 160 acres of land with sixty under cultivation and otherwise improved. His excellent wife still survives him, and is residing at the old homestead. They were the parents of ten children, seven of whom are still living: Permelia (wife of W. W. White, of Saline County), Emma (wife of E. Anderson, of Georgia), Blanche (wife of James A. Barnes, deceased, in Saline County), Joseph W. (physician and surgeon, of Garland County, Ark.), Rebecca C. (wife of William H. Howard, a farmer and teacher in Shaw Township), James H., Martin A. and Virgil N. (lost in the late war), Martha C. (wife of J. B. Miller, a farmer of this county), and H. C. (the subject of this sketch). Carl was reared on a farm and received his education in the common schools of his county, later spending one year at the Benton school. When twenty-one years of age he started in life for himself and was engaged in farming on the old home place, and on February 19, 1878, was married to Miss Emeline Logan, a daughter of James Harvey and Angelina (Eskew) Logan. Mr. Logan was a native of Tennessee, and his wife of Arkansas. Their daughter was born in Saline County, Ark., on May 7, 1862, they having emigrated to this State in 1840. Mr. and Mrs. Shaw are the parents of six children, five of whom are living: Hollie H. (born May 17, 1879), M. C. (born December 15, 1880), Martin Logan (born February 11, 1883, died March 8, 1883), Haly Augustus (born February 25, 1884), Hiram Cole (born February 19, 1886) and Ava Ethel (born March 17, 1889). After his marriage Mr. Shaw moved to the place where he now resides, and has improved it to such an extent that one would scarcely recognize it as being the same. A good house is among the improvements, and everything about the place indicates the presence of thrift and prosperity. He has forty-two acres under a high state of cultivation, also eighty acres of the old home place, with forty-five of that under the plow. He has held the office of justice of the peace for some years, also postmaster in his township. He is a supporter of the principles of the Agricultural Wheel, and himself and wife are members of the Missionary Baptist Church. Mr. Shaw has always taken active interest in the schools of his county, and it is such men as he that build up towns and villages, for without them the world would make but little progress. He honors the Democratic party with his vote, and has a very decided influence in local politics. John G. Shepard is among the prominent and enterprising citizens of Traskwood Township, for which he has been magistrate a number of years. He is a native of Tennessee and was born in Hickman County, March 17, 1833, being one of thirteen children in the family of Thomas and Permelia (Gohight) Shepard, originally from Georgia and South Carolina, respectively. Eleven children are living and reside in different parts of the country. Thomas Shepard was married in Mississippi, but lived in Tennessee for a good many years. He was justice of the peace twenty years, and a very popular and influential citizen, dying in Tennessee at the age of seventy-nine; his wife still survives at the age of seventy-nine. John G. Shepard was reared to farm life, and as the facilities for schooling were very meager his education was limited, but, nevertheless, he is a well-informed man, as he has read and studied a great deal. At the age of twenty he was marred to Miss Judith H. Trout, a native of Tennessee, and in 1860 he came to Saline County, settling where he now resides. Mrs. Shepard died in 1862, leaving one child, William Thomas, married, and a prosperous farmer in Texas. Mr. Shepard's second and present wife was Mrs. Nancy Pelton, widow of William B. Pelton. By this union three children have been born: Andrew A. (born April 1, 1866, married), Christopher C. (born April 10, 1869, married), Nancy L. (died when an infant). In 1862 Mr. Shepard enlisted in the Sixth Arkansas Infantry and participated in the battles of Helena and Jenkins' Ferry, but was not captured nor wounded. After being paroled at Marshall, Tex., in 1865, he returned home and engaged in farming. In politics he is identified with the Democratic party. He was elected as magistrate in 1878, and with the exception of two years has served since that time. He has married about twenty-five couples, and is now justice of the peace. Fifteen years ago he was elected school director, a position he has continued to hold. Mr. and Mrs. Shepard are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in which he was steward and trustee for years. The latter has two children by her former marriage: Isham M. and Sarah M. Mr. Shepard owns a good farm of 118 acres on Clift Creek, with sixty acres cultivated. During his residence in Arkansas he has cleared forty acres, and the careful attention paid to keeping the farm in good condition shows that "the grass has no chance to grow" under his industrious efforts. In 1887 the home was destroyed by fire, but a new frame house now stands in its place. Mr. Shepard has taken an active interest in public enterprises, and there is probably no one in the county who has done more toward securing a good school and furniture for this community. He always favors long terms of schools and competent teachers. The Fair Play Lodge No. 32. A. F. & A. M, counts him as one of its members, and during their continuance here he was a member of the K. of L. and Agricultural Wheel. He also belongs to the Grange. M. C. Shepherd, who occupies a place of prominence among the merchants, farmers, and well-known citizens of Saline County, was born in North Carolina in 1840, and was the youngest of three sons and five daughters born to his parents, the mother dying a few days after his birth, and the father when he was but six or seven years old. After the latter's death the family became separated, and M. C. resided with different relatives in his native State until the year 1851, then coming to Saline County with a cousin, William Shepherd, with whom he remained until the outbreak of the Civil War. On that occasion he joined Company A, Eleventh Arkansas Infantry, and fought gallantly for the Southern cause until his capture at Island No. 10, when he was taken to Camp Douglas, Ill., and confined for four or five months under a strong guard. He was afterward transferred to Vicksburg and exchanged, and again joined his command in time to take part in the battles of Jackson, Miss., Port Hudson, and a number of others. In 1864 he was promoted to the rank of sergeant, and was sent to Arkansas to look up deserters from the army, and while near his home was again captured, and this time taken to Little Rock, where he was compelled to take the oath of allegiance. In 1865* Mr. Shepherd was married to Sarah, a daughter of William T. and Sarah Poe, of Alabama, who moved to Arkansas about the year 1852, and settled in what is now Grant County. The father lived to an advanced age, and after the war was elected county judge of Grant County, and was also justice of the peace for his township. Mrs. Shepherd died one year after her marriage, and on June 15, 1867, Mr. Shepherd was married to Mary J., a daughter of Hiram and Elizabeth Hogue, of South Carolina and Tennessee, respectively, who moved from the latter State to Arkansas at an early period. The mother died in Grant County, but the father is still living and resides in Saline County. Ten children were born to Mr. Shepherd's second marriage, of whom two sons and four daughters are yet living. He first settled in Grant County, on arriving in Arkansas, and resided there until 1876, when he moved to Saline County, locating in Bryant. In 1879 he built the first store west of the railroad at Bryant, being compelled to cut away the brush in order to do so. He then sold goods at that place for several years, but finally returned to farm life, and continued at it for one year, when he established another store. He alternated between farming and merchandising until 1889, when he opened up his present store, and is now one of the leading and most enterprising merchants in his locality. Besides this business, he owns some 358 acres of fertile land, and has placed eighty acres under cultivation, all of it made by his own individual effort and good management. In politics he is a Democrat, casting his first presidential vote for Greeley in 1872, and has served as postmaster of Bryant for about four years. In secret societies he is a member of Bryant Lodge No. 441, A. F. & A. M, and in religious faith has belonged to the Missionary Baptist Church for about twenty-five years, while his estimable wife attends the Methodist Church. *The original Goodspeed had a typo of 1886 instead of 1865. John F. Shoemaker, formerly county clerk of Saline County, and one of the most enterprising men within its limited, was born in Winston County, Miss., in March, 1846, his parents being Lindsay F. and Jefsonia M. (Coulter) Shoemaker, natives of Alabama and Tennessee, respectively, though reared in Mississippi. Lindsay Shoemaker was a millwright by trade, and was educated in the country schools. After marrying he settled in Leake County, Miss., engaging in the mill business. Here he remained until 1856, when he moved to this county and resumed his former occupation, giving it his attention, with the exception of two years, until his death, in 1870. He was married in 1844, becoming the father of eight children. Four of these died while young and four are still living: John F. (who forms the subject of this sketch), America M. (wife of G. W. Ogle, who resides in this place), Mary T. (wife of C. A. Payne, of Shaw, this county), and William W. (married and in Little Rock). Mrs. Shoemaker died about 1866. In 1869 Mr. Shoemaker was again united in marriage. His wife was Mrs. Harriet McClue, daughter of W. Brents. By this union there was one child, which died when young. Mrs. Shoemaker still lives, residing with her son John. Mr. Shoemaker had been justice of the peace of this township, and was a member of the I.O.O.F. John F., whose name heads this sketch, was reared and educated in Benton, working at the milling business until 1880, when he was elected county and circuit clerk. This office he filled for eight years. Since the expiration of his term of office he has been engage din buying and selling scrip. He was married in 1871 to Miss Susan E. McClue, daughter of John and Harriet E. (Brents) McClue. Five children were born to them, four now living: C. E., Clard E., Hattie W. and Wilbur. In 1864 Mr. Shoemaker joined the Confederate army, enlisting in Company B, First Cavalry Regiment of Trans- Mississippi department, commanded by Col. W. A. Crawford. he served faithfully until his discharge on the Trinity River, Tex., participating in the battles of Pilot Knob, Mo., Independence, Mo., and nearly all the battles on Gen. Price's raid through Missouri in 1864. After the close of the war he came home and engaged in the milling business with his father until the latter's death. Mr. Shoemaker is a member of Benton Lodge, A. F. & A. M, and quite a society man. He heartily supports all movements tending to increase the welfare of his county, and is an earnest advocate of public improvements. He owns some valuable property in this city, prominent among which is a beautiful residence and a splendid store building. Politically he is a Democrat, taking an active interest in the party movement of his county. He is practically a self-made man, coming here when small, and not receiving the advantages of a liberal education in his boyhood days. By close application, however, he has qualified himself for any position of trust within the power of his acquaintances to bestow. John F. Shoppach, the present popular and efficient sheriff of Saline County, was first elected to this position in the fall of 1880, and by reason of his peculiar fitness for the place has since continued to discharge the duties of that office, having served as deputy for four years. Born in Shaw Township, Saline County, April 15, 1849, he was the third in a family of six children born to John W. and Libbie (Pelton) Shoppach), the former of whom came to this country about 1836. He was married in Saline County in 1838, settling in what is now Shaw Township, where he entered a piece of land, and in 1853 moved to Benton. He was engaged as deputy clerk, then justice of the peace for some years, and was elected clerk of the county in 1852, an office that he held until 1861, or up to the time of his death. He was a member of Benton Lodge No. 34, A. F. & A. M His excellent wife still survives him, and resides in Benton. John F. Shoppach was reared in Benton, being favored with an attendance in the public schools, and in May, 1863, enlisted for the war before he was of age. He was in Col. Crawford's First Mississippi Cavalry, and participated in the battles of Pilot Knob, as well as with Gen. Price on his raid through Missouri, at Jefferson City, Blue Gap, Kansas City and Newtonia. Remaining with his regiment until the close of service, he returned to Benton in May, 1865, and engaged in farming, following that until elected deputy sheriff. He is a prominent Democrat, and is a member of Benton Lodge No. 34, A. F. & A. M, in which order he has served as junior warden. He is also a member of the Knights of Honor, belonging to Saline Lodge No. 1319, in this he is past dictator, having served two terms as dictator. Mr. Shoppach was married in 1868 to Miss Mary S. Homan, a native of Saline County, and daughter of Samuel and Martha (Roland) Homan. Mr. and Mrs. Homan came to Saline County at an early day, but are both now deceased. By this union two children were born, Luther and John. Mr. Shoppach has seen the complete development of Saline County, and has been identified with every enterprise for its good as well as for Benton's advancement. The respect accorded him is extensive. He and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. J. P. Smith, Sr., a member of the substantial firm of J. P. Smith & Co., became engaged in his present business in 1886, a full and complete line of dry-goods and groceries being carried. Prior to that time he was occupied in business with H. S. Glenn. Mr. Smith was born in DeKalb County, Ga., in 1849, the second in a family of seven children born to J. M. and Elizabeth (Bradley) Smith. The father, a farmer by occupation, opened up a farm and engaged in agricultural pursuits, but in 1856 moved to Tippah County, Miss., where he remained three years, in 1859 coming to Saline County, Ark. He bought land in Hurricane Township, and also entered a quarter section of land there at 12 1/2 cents per acre, to which subsequent additions have been made. He then cleared over 100 acres, improved it, and made that his permanent home until his death, which occurred in 1885. He belonged to the Baptist Church, as did also his excellent wife, who survives him, and resides on the old homestead. Mr. J. P. Smith was reared to farm life, and educated in the schools of Saline County, being obliged to dig and delve at home for his education. He commenced farming for himself in Hurricane Township, but finally left the farm and came to Benton in 1879, where he has since been engaged, the first three years as clerk, and afterward in business for himself. The success accorded him is most encouraging. Mr. Smith was married in February, 1884, to Miss Mary Hutchinson, a native of Greene County, Ga. She was educated at the Female Seminary at Greensboro, Ga., and is a daughter of Charles and Mary Hutchinson. Her father came to Saline County in 1885, and died in 1886, but, her mother having died when she was quite young, she was reared by her grandparents. Mr. Hutchinson was sheriff of Greene County, Ga., for some years. Mr. Smith is a prominent Democrat, and a member of Benton Lodge No. 34, A. F. & A. M, of which he was worshipful master for two years, and is senior warden of the order at the present time. He has seen the full development of the county, and is conscious of having borne a part in its advancement; land that he once knew as swamps, covered with water, now form beautiful and highly cultivated farms. Mr. and Mrs. Smith are both members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. Mack H. Staner, prominent among the farmers and stock raisers of Jefferson Township, this county, was born in Tennessee in 1832. His father, Coonrad Staner, was a native of North Carolina, who married Miss Delila Holmes, of Tennessee nativity. They came to Arkansas about the year 1849, and settled in Saline County, where Mr. Staner purchased 120 acres of improved land, on which he resided until his death, in the year 1857. He was the father of eleven children, four of whom are living: Levanna (widow of George James, lives in Saline County), Polly (widow of John Morgan, lives in Perry County), Peter (lives in this county), Mack H. (the subject of this sketch) and Michael (living in Perry County). Mr. Staner believed in the principles of Democracy. He and his wife, who died about 1858, were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Their son, Mack, at the age of twenty-one years, began farming in this county on land he leased for four years. At the expiration of this lease, he rented until the death of his father, when he purchased the place on which he now resides, consisting of 120 acres with about 100 acres under cultivation, upon which are excellent buildings, barns, outhouses, etc. He raises a large number of horses and hogs, and realizes handsome profits. In 1861 he joined the Confederate army, enlisting in Company D, Eleventh Arkansas Infantry Regiment, and serving east of the Mississippi River. He participated in the following battles: Port Hudson (where he was promoted to lieutenant for meritorious service), Holly Springs, Miss., Island No. 10 and a number of minor engagements. In 1862 or 1863 he was captured at Island No. 10 and sent north to Camp Butler, Ill., where he was held for five months. After being paroled he came to Vicksburg, Miss., and thence to Port Hudson. When Vicksburg fell he was between the two places--Vicksburg and Port Hudson. His colonel, pressing horses into service, mounted his men and operated between the two places. Coming back to this side of the river in 1864, he rejoined the Confederacy in arms and served until the close of the war, surrendering at Benton, this county, in 1865. He returned home, but his solitary possession was the horse that carried him in the war. He prospered, however, and in 1866 was married to Miss Harriet Glenn, a native of this State. She and Mrs. Taylor were murdered in 1878, during the absence of Mr. Staner in Litte Rock on business, the murderer being a nephew of Mack. His object was robbery, and he succeeded in getting some $200, but was hanged in Benton in 1879, after making a confession. Mr. Staner was married the second time to Miss Fannie Higginbotham, of Alabama, in 1883. She was born in 1862, the daughter of Henry and Rebecca (Franklin) Higginbotham, natives, respectively, of Alabama and South Carolina. Mr. and Mrs. Higginbotham were the parents of three children, two of whom are now living: David (deceased), J. H. (who resides in Texas) and Mrs. Staner. Mr. Higginbotham was first married to a Miss Little, who presented to him two children: William (residing in Pulaski County, Ark.) and James (deceased). Mr. Higginbotham died in 1862 and his wife in 1888. They were both members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. and Mrs. Staner, having no children, are rearing a little niece of Mrs. Staner, Florence Higginbotham. He is a member of Paran Lodge No. 309, A. F. & A. M, and with his wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Being a strong Democrat he takes much interest in the politics of his county. He is also an active champion of schools, churches, etc. Joseph Taylor, justly recognized as one of the prominent farmers of Brazil, Holland Township, owns a fine farm in Section 13, and is an agriculturist of worth and influence. He was born in Hot Spring County, in 1844, being the oldest in a family of nine children born to John and Sarah Frances (Bartlett) Taylor, natives of Missouri and Kentucky, respectively. John Taylor came to Saline County in 1841, and settled in what is now Jefferson Township, where he bought a farm, but has since moved several times. He still resides in Jefferson Township, his wife having passed from this life in 1874. Joseph Taylor was reared to farm life, attended the district schools of Jefferson Township, and later enlisted in the Federal army, at Little Rock, in 1863, joining Company M, of the Seventh Missouri Cavalry, for three years or during the war. He was in the battle of Marks' Mills, and served in other places with the obedience and patriotism of a true soldier. In 1865 he received an honorable discharge at Little Rock, when he returned to Saline County, and in October of that year bought a partially improved farm of 120 acres, which he further improved until now he has over seventy acres under cultivation, raising a good grade of cattle and horses. Mr. Taylor was married here, in 1865, to Lettia Robinson, a native of this county, and a daughter of David and Lucinda (James) Robinson. The former was a native of Missouri, and came to Saline County in 1840, settling in Dyer Township. His death occurred in 1880; his wife still survives, and lives on the old homestead. By this union nine children were born: Samuel (married, and lives in Jefferson Township), Robert, Sarah Ellen (now Mrs. R. Garrett, and who lives in Holland Township), Ruth B. (now Mrs. R. T. McDonald, also of this township), Daniel Sherman, Joseph Grant, Melissa Obedn, Lelitia and Elinora. Mr. and Mrs. Taylor are members of the Missionary Baptist Church. Mr. Taylor has been a participant in the growth of Saline County, and has watched with interest the development of a higher and better moral character in its inhabitants. His name is a synonym of honor wherever known. Capt. W. W. Thompson, one of the pioneer settlers of Saline County, Ark., and a man whose reputation has not suffered by reason of long residence in this community, was born in Rhea County, East Tenn., in 1828, being the only child of Barbara Thompson. She was a native of Pennsylvania, her birth occurring in 1794, and she could just remember moving to Tennessee when but a child. That State was then a wilderness, inhabited by only a few people. She lived to the age of ninety years. Young Thompson grew to manhood on the home farm, receiving such an education as the subscription schools of Tennessee, his native State, afforded. There he was married in 1848 to Margaret Isabella Ferguson, a native of Tennessee, and a daughter of John and Myra (Cooper) Ferguson. Mr. Ferguson resided in Tennessee all of his life, his father, John Ferguson, having moved to that State from North Carolina, at a very early day. Grandfather Cooper moved from South Carolina to Tennessee, many years ago. He was one of Marion's soldiers in the Revolutionary War. Capt. Thompson left Tennessee in 1851; crossing to Saline County, Ark., he settled in what is now Shaw Township, where he entered land and improved it, clearing some twenty acres which he then sold and entered eighty acres in Shaw Township; of this he cleared sixty acres, and made that place his home until 1867, when he enlisted, in 1862, to Company B, Twenty-fifth Arkansas Infantry, for twelve months, as orderly-sergeant, after which he re-enlisted for three years or during the war. At the reorganization of his company after the battle of Corinth, he was made first lieutenant, thus serving until after the battle of Murfreesboro, in February 1863, when he was promoted to captain of his company, a position that he held until the close of the war. Capt. Thompson was in the battles of Richmond, Ky., Murfreesboro, Chickamauga and in all of the engagements of the Georgia campaign, except while in the hospital during sickness caused from exposure. He was paroled in 1865, at Little Rock, and returned to Saline County, again engaging in farming. In 1868 he traded his land for a farm on the river, which he occupied until 1870, also operating a steam-mill, and at that time moved to Benton. During the ten years of his residence there, he took an active part in politics, and was elected sheriff in 1872 on the Democratic ticket, which office he held for four terms, to his own credit and the satisfaction of all concerned. He has also held the positions of junior warden and senior warden in the Masonic lodge, of which he is a member. Besides he belongs to Benton Lodge No. 34, A. F. & A. M, and to Saline Lodge No. 1317, Knights of Honor. In 1880 Capt. Thompson left Benton, moving to his present farm of 300 acres, 100 acres of which are under a high state of cultivation. He in addition has the control of over 300 acres. Capt. Thompson and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. They are the parents of seven children: Mary (now Mrs. Stowers), Tennessee Jane (now Mrs. Shoppach, residing near by), William A. (married and in the county), Richard H. (married and in Texas, where he is engaged in farming), John, Samuel and Nora Lee. They have given their children a good education. Capt. Thompson is practically a self-made man, having gained all that he is worth by his own industry and frugality. His acquaintance is a wide and honored one. Dr. J. W. Walton, physician and surgeon, of Traskwood Township, was born in Saline (now Grant) County, January 23, 1863, and is the son of James and Angelena (Poe) Walton, natives of Mississippi and Arkansas, respectively. James Walton came to Arkansas in 1860 and followed the occupation of a carpenter for one year, but afterward engaged in farming. He enlisted in the army at the commencement of hostilities, and was killed at or near Atlanta, Ga. His body, like many others, fills an unknown grave. Mrs. Walton was a daughter of Simon B. Poe, a farmer and native of North Carolina, and a distant relative of Edgar Allen Poe. Mrs. Walton's death occurred in 1866, she leaving two small children to fight life's battles for themselves. Newton J. Walton, the older of the brothers, is now married and resides in Lonoke County, Ark. Dr. J. W. Walton lived with his maternal grandparents, S. B. Poe and wife, the latter's death occurring in 1874. He then cared for his grandmother, the support of her and a daughter devolving upon him for eight years. When Miss Poe was married J. W. was free to set for himself. From six to eleven years of age he attended school in Little Rock, and from his eleventh to his twenty-second year passed through the experiences mentioned. During the years 1882 and 1884 he worked at farming and stock trading, but in the spring of 1885 entered the Redfield school at Redfield, Jefferson County, Ark. In 1886 and 1887 he attended the Benton graded school. Long before this time young Walton had decided that he should study medicine, so from the latter part of 1887 until the fall of 1888 he studied faithfully, and in 1889 took a course in the medical department of the Arkansas Industrial University at Little Rock. In April 1889, he became the partner of Dr. D. N. Fisher, and in that connection is rapidly building up an enviable reputation. One of the harder features of his work is driving to surrounding localities, but this he does not mind, being assured a hearty welcome, and the country at large look upon him as the direct alleviation of their suffering. Dr. Walton owns 140 acres of land in Grant County, thirty of which are cultivated, the balance being covered with good timber. He also owns a fine farm of forty acres of timber land near the Mississippi River and eight miles below Helena. Dr. Walton votes with the Democratic party. He is public spirited and progressive, giving his support to schools, churches, and any enterprise designed for the public good. B. A. Wesbrook, one of the leading farmers of Fair Play, is the son of James and Mary (Hudson) Wesbrook, natives of Georgia. Before the war, James Wesbrook followed farming, but when the South called for defenders he stepped forth and offered his service to his country, taking part in the battles of the Wilderness and several other fights. About 1814 he was married and became the father of ten children, eight of whom are now living. B. A. Wesbrook was the third child, having been born in 1820. The father died in 1888, at the advanced age of eighty-five years, and his wife in 1886. They were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. At the age of eighteen years B. A. Wesbrook began life for himself as a laborer on a farm. Soon after he bought a farm in Georgia, and lived there until 1855, when he left his old home and came to Arkansas, settling within one-half mile of the place on which he now lives. This consists of 445 acres, with 160 acres improved, besides which he owns seventy-four acres of improved land in Saline Township. His first marriage was with Miss Elizabeth Hood, of Georgia, in 1845. The fruit of this union was one child, now deceased. Mrs. Wesbrook dying in 1846, he was again married, in 1847, to Miss C. Carter, and they became the parents of seventeen children, ten of whom survive: Elizabeth (wife of John Ault), Jane (wife of Howell Hendricks), John, Milton, Tillie (wife of George Wallace), Thomas, James W., Ancel, Abner, Alexander and Terissa. Mrs. Wesbrook died in 1880. She was a member of the Baptist Church, and a highly respected lady. Mr. Wesbrook's third marriage was to Miss Louisana Hailey, in 1886. She bore him one child. Mr. Wesbrook takes an active interest in education, and every venture that tends to advance the welfare of his neighborhood and his county. William W. White, farmer and stock raiser, of Saline Township, owns a fine farm in Sections 31 and 32, his residence being in the former. He was born in Greene County, Ga., in 1822, and was the oldest in a family of ten children of Colman and Nancy (Allen White). Colman White was a native of Union District, S. C., and his wife of Greene County, Ga. When a young man he emigrated to Georgia, and settled in Greene County, where he was engaged in superintending a large plantation. In 1826 he moved to Morgan County, Ala., entered land and opened up a farm, remaining there until 1842, when he moved to Tippah County, Miss., where his wife died in the fall of 1843. In the following year Mr. White came to Arkansas and settled in Hot Spring (now Saline) County, in Saline Township, where he continued to live until his death, in 1854. He was a regular enlisted soldier in the United States Army, and was in the Florida War. His father was in the Revolutionary War. Colman White's family, at the time of his removal to Saline County, consisted of William W. (the subject of this sketch), Matilda (married to Daniel Hudgens; her death occurring years ago), John F. (married and resides in Smith County), S. T. (now resides in Henderson County, Tex.), B. A. (who enlisted in 1861 in the Third Arkansas Infantry, being mustered in Lynchburg, Va., and who received his death wound October 13, 1864, in the Virginia campaign), Jackson (who died in infancy), Elisha (died when young), and Mary (died in Mississippi). William W. was twenty-two years of age when he came to this county. He was reared in farm life in Northern Alabama, obtaining an education in the district schools of that State, and commenced agricultural labor as soon as Arkansas was reached. He married in Saline County, January 8, 1846, Miss Elizabeth Montgomery, a native of this county, and daughter of Thomas and Mary (Clanton) Montgomery. Mr. Montgomery was a native of Tennessee, and came to this county at an early date. His death occurred in 1856, his wife surviving until December, 1885. Mr. and Mrs. White are the parents of the following children: Nancy J. (born January 14, 1847, now Mrs. Dawdy, of Erath County, Tex.), Thomas C. (born April 16, 1849, married, and resides in Saline County), Mary C. (born August 21, 1851, died September 20, 1860), John A. (born April 18, 1854, a widower, resides in Saline Township), Margaret A. (born August 11, 1856, now Mrs. W. H. Collat, of Benton), Louisa E. (born January 30, 1859, now Mrs. Stirman, whose husband died March 28, 1885), Sarah A. (born August 23, 1861, now Mrs. Allen, of Shaw Township), Thirza E. (born July 6, 1864, now Mrs. Ray, of Benton), and George W. (born July 11, 1868; still resides on the home farm). Mr. White was married the second time in Saline County, December 7, 1880, to Mrs. Permelia Croxton, nee Shaw, wife of John L. Croxton, who enlisted in 1862 in Capt. Brown's company, and served under Gen. Price at the battle of Pilot Knob, where he was wounded. He recovered and started for home in the latter part of 1864, but has never been heard of since. Mrs. White was a native of Georgia, and a daughter of Hiram M. and Elizabeth (Arnold) Shaw, natives of Georgia and South Carolina, respectively. Her father was married in Georgia, after which he removed to Saline County, Ark., in 1858, settling in what is now Shaw Township, named in his honor. He opened up a farm, and made that his home until his death, which occurred in 1872. He served as justice of the peace for several years. His wife still survives and lives on the old homestead in Shaw Township. The family of Mr. Shaw consisted of the following persons: James H. (who enlisted in 1862, and was taken sick at Corinth and died), Martin E. (enlisted in the same regiment), and also died at Corinth in 1863), Virgil N. (enlisted in 1861 in Capt. Henderson's company of cavalry, served during the first two years in the Virginia campaigns, was wounded at Lynchburg, Va., and returned home; afterward joined Col. Price's forces, was wounded at Pilot Knob, and again started for home, but was never heard from), Joseph W. (served in same company with Virgil N., which he joined in 1863, was left as nurse at prison and escaped, returned to Saline County, and now resides in Montgomery County, Ark.), Emily E. (now Mrs. Anderson, of Ringgold, Ga.), Blanche B. (married a Mr. Barns, of Shaw Township, Saline County, where she now resides, he being dead), Rebecca C. (now Mrs. Howard), Martha C. (Mrs. Miller), and Carlton H. (married); all in Shaw Township. Mr. White settled on his present farm in 1846, which consisted of 200 acres, sixteen acres being cleared, and also entered 160 acres adjoining, making a fine farm of 360 acres; of this eighty acres are cleared, and under a high state of cultivation. He enlisted in 1863 in Company I, under Capt. McCray, and was in the general skirmishes of Southern Arkansas, Texas and Louisiana. Being paroled at Marshall, Tex., in 1865, he returned to Saline County. Mr. and Mrs. White are members of the Baptist Church, and have always taken an active part in church work. He does not enter especially into politics, but is a strong Democrat. James A. White well deserves a place among the prosperous farmers and stock raisers of Marble Township, Saline County. He was born in 1832, as the son of Thomas A. and Margarette Wiley White, natives of South Carolina, the former of whom moved to Arkansas in 1846, settling in this township, where he resided until his death in 1854. He entered 200 acres of land, improved the same, and reared a family of eight children. Five of them lived to maturity, and three now survive: Thomas N. (in Garland County), Matilda (wife of W. H. Harlow, of Holland Township, this county), and James A. (our subject). Mrs. White died in 1878, a member of the Baptist Church. At the age of forty-five years James A. White began farming for himself. He came here with his father in 1846, and at his death bought the property, consisting of 200 acres, from the heirs. Having since homesteaded 200 acres, he now has an excellent farm of 400 acres, with some eighty acres under cultivation. The place contains good buildings, and is well stocked with horses, cattle, etc. In 1861, when the Civil War broke out, he enlisted in Company F, Third Arkansas Cavalry regiment, and served until the close of the war, being engaged in the battles of Corinth, Miss., Chickamauga, Thompson's Station, Missionary Ridge and all the battles around Knoxville, Tenn., besides many of less importance. He was captured at Danville, Tenn., and taken to Rock Island, Ill., where he was confined for thirteen months and thirteen days. Being paroled in 1865, he returned home and resumed farming. Mr. White was married, in 1867, to Miss Jane Newkirk, and by her became the father of seven children, five of whom are living: Lucy A., James M. and W. T. (twins, at home), Frances L. and Mary A. The mother died in 1882. Mr. White's second marriage was in 1883, to Miss Margarette Tillery, a member of the Baptist Church. Taking an active interest in education and all public improvements, Mr. White is an earnest friend of the township schools. He is a member of the Union Labor party, and has served his township as constable. No worthy public enterprise vainly seeks his support; he is always ready to assist in elevating the condition of his county. T. C. White, actively interested in the agricultural affairs of Saline Township and county, was born in that township in April, 1849, having spent his entire life in the community. He was the second in a family of eight children born to William W. and Elizabeth (Montgomery) White, mentioned on a previous page. Mr. White, Sr., was a native of Alabama, and came to this county in 1845, where he still resides. His wife is now deceased. T. C. White early became familiar with the duties of farm life, attending, when not occupied at home, the common schools, though he aided greatly in clearing his father's farm. At the age of twenty-four he commenced farming for himself, buying a place of 135 acres of timber land, of which he has now 100 acres under cultivation, most having been improved by his own efforts. In 1877 he erected a good frame house and a large barn. Mr. White also owns forty acres of bottom land. He was married in 1881 to Amanda Dobbs, a native of Georgia, and daughter of Burril and Jane (Corint) Dobbs [Burrell and Jane Cornett Dobbs per Glenda]. They came to Saline County in 1868, where they now reside. Mr. and Mrs. White have four children: Luther, Alfred, Delia and Willie, and have also taken a girl to bring up, named Dora Hurgeon. Mr. White takes a great interest in the welfare of his county, and perhaps manifests unusual concern in its advancement, as he regards it with native pride, and expects it to occupy, in the very near future, a place that its natural and acquired resources deserve. Col. S. H. Whitthorne. One of the most prominent and popular men of Saline County is Col. Whitthorne, retired lawyer, of Benton, and president of the Saline County Mining Association, who was born in Bedford County, Tenn., February 22, 1828, the third in a family of thirteen children of William and Eliza (Wisener) Whitthorne. The former was born in the city of Dublin, Ireland, February 22, 1797, and came to America in 1814, landing at Orange Court House, N. C. Having emigrated to this country under the guardianship of an uncle, he lived with him for two years, after which he ran away, and finally settled in the Middle Tennessee valley, there spending the remainder of his life. He learned the saddle and harness trade, and a few years later embarked in the mercantile business, which he pursued successfully for twelve years. At the end of that time he was appointed clerk and master of the chancery court of Bedford County, Tenn., a position the duties of which he discharged with honor for twenty-five years. He was thus occupied at the breaking out of the war in 1861, and shortly after retired from public life. At the date of his death, which occurred in 1871, he was one of the oldest Royal Arch Masons in Tennessee, being also a consistent member of the Presbyterian Church. Of the thirteen children born to Mr. and Mrs. Whitthorne only four are now living: Hon. W. C. (representative for the past eighteen years from the Seventh congressional district of Tennessee), Hon. B. R. (cashier of the First National Bank at Shelbyville, Tenn., and mayor of that city), and Col. S. H. (the subject of this sketch). The latter was named by Gen. Sam Houston, who about the time of the young man's birth was Governor of Tennessee. He was early educated in the schools of Tennessee, first at Farmington, and to the instruction there obtained he added a course in the Shelbyville Academy, later entering the Nashville University at the age of seventeen. Satisfactory progress was being made in study, but patriotism overcame all else, and after remaining eighteen months in the university he ran away, and joined Gen. Taylor's army on the Rio Grande. He served seven months, but returned home with a brother who was very ill, and who died the day after arriving home. Then he re-entered college, from which he graduated in the class of 1847 with high honors. A few days after he was appointed by President Polk to a clerkship in the Postoffice department at Washington City, D. C., which position he held until 1849. For fifteen months he was occupied in reading law under Frierson & Cooper, of Shelbyville, and subsequently took a course of legal study at the Lebanon Law School, at Lebanon, Tenn. Upon completing his studies Mr. Whitthorne began the practice of law of Shelbyville, there continuing until 1861, with the exception of three years (1854-57). During this time he was married, May 7, 1854, to Miss Margaret A. Johnston, of Williamson County, Tenn., and an estimable lady. She was the daughter of Capt. Matthew Johnston, a native of Tennessee. At the outbreak of the Civil War Mr. W. enlisted as first lieutenant in Capt. Patrick's company, a few days afterward being appointed assistant quartermaster-general for the provisional army of Tennessee. Upon the transfer of the provisional army to the Confederate army, he resigned his commission and returned home to assist in raising a regiment of riflemen, the Twenty-third Tennessee, agreeing to serve as a private in order to secure recruits, and followed in that capacity until after the battle of Shiloh, where he was injured by a shell, resulting in nine weeks of unconsciousness. After his recovery he rejoined his command at Chattanooga, and was elected first lieutenant of his old company. At the battle of Perryville, Ky., in 1862, he was again wounded, this time by a minie ball, in the hip, which he still carries. In January, 1863, he rejoined his command at Tullahoma, Tenn., and continued in service till the battle of Chickamauga, where he was a third time wounded, though not as seriously as before. His brigade was transferred to Longstreet's corps, on the Tennessee campaign, where he was promoted by Gen. Longstreet to the office of purchasing commissary, with the rank of major. Six months later he was transferred to his original command at Richmond, participating in all the battles in and around Richmond and Petersburg, Va. In the year 1864 he was again wounded; shortly after was promoted to lieutenant-colonel, and ordered to the Alabama department under Gen. Withers, and at the time of the surrender was in command of the Dadeville post. Col. Whitthorne returned home in July, 1865, after a career to which he may refer with just pride, and resumed his law practice at Shelbyville, Tenn., until August, 1871, when he came to Arkansas, and settled in Benton. Attending to his professional duties in this circuit till 1876, he was then appointed elector on the Democratic electoral ticket, and canvassed Northwest Arkansas, making twenty-three speeches in twenty-one days, traveling during that time 546 miles on horseback. In 1882 he was appointed adjutant and inspector-general on Gov. Churchill's staff, and was commissioned brigadier-general in the Arkansas State Guard. In 1887 Col. Whitthorne retired from active legal practice, and has since given his attention to mining, and the development of the various resources of Saline County. In this capacity he has probably done more than any other individual to call the attention of the outside world to the valuable mineral deposits of this section. Too much can not be said of Col. Whitthorne, for he is one of those men whom to see is to admire, and in all enterprises that tend to the advancement of the community his name stands out prominently. In public and private circles he is alike esteemed, not alone for the position which he occupies as a citizen, but for his true worth and character. John A. Wilkerson is justly entitled to prominent recognition in this volume as one of the county's capable and reliable public servants. He was elected to the office of county treasurer in 1884, and has served in that capacity up to the present time, discharging his duties in an acceptable and efficient manner, and with credit to himself and constituents. Born in Lafayette County, Miss., in 1838, he was the second in a family of five children born to Allen and Nancy M. (Coffey) Wilkerson. The father was a native of Southern Alabama, and was married in Perry County, Ala., to Miss Coffey, originally from North Carolina, afterward moving to Mississippi, where he engaged in farming, opening up a farm, and in November, 1855, settled in Drew County, Ark., on a farm. His death occurred in De Soto County, Miss., in 1849. John A. Wilkerson was reared to farm life, obtaining a district school education in De Soto County, and later accompanied his parents to Arkansas, in 1855. In 1860 he came to Pulaski County, locating near Little Rock, and embarked in farming, but at the outbreak of the war enlisted, in 1861, under Capt. H. H. Beauer, and joined the First Arkansas Infantry (which was later formed into the Second Arkansas Battalion, under Maj. Bronaugh). He served under him until after the Seven Days' fight at Richmond, when the regiment was disbanded, following which he was assigned to the Third Arkansas Infantry, July 16, 1862. He remained in Texas until Brig.-Gen. Longstreet's corps until the close of the war, taking part in all the Virginia campaign. He was wounded at the battle of Seven Pines, also at Gettysburg, and was paroled at Baltimore in 1863, going thence to De Soto County, Miss., where he remained until hostilities had ceased. Returning to Pulaski County, Ark., in 1865, Mr. Wilkerson resumed farming, and in 1867 came to Saline County, where he purchased land in Liberty Township. He was married in July, 1867, to Sarah E. Brewer, an estimable lady and a native of Tennessee. In 1885 they moved to their present residence, near the corporate limits of Benton, where Mr. Wilkerson is also engaged in farming. He is an active and influential Democrat and served as constable in Liberty Township, here also winning approval, as he has done in his present position. He has always taken an active interest in educational work, serving on the school board of Liberty Township for six years. Mr. Wilkerson is a member of Saline Lodge No. 1319, Knights of Honor, in which he holds the office of assistant dictator. Himself and wife are members of the Missionary Baptist Church. They have been blessed with ten children, nine of whom are living: William Allen, Mary Elvira, Nancy Louisa, Maggie Jane, Lizzie Rosina, Mattie A. (who died in 1881, aged ten months), Mandy May, John Lockert, James and Tandy Walker. Mr. Wilkerson is well known as identifying himself with every movement designed for the good of his community. He has been a participant in the development of Saline County's affairs, and well deserves the esteem in which he is held. Jacob Williams, who is numbered among the county's early settlers, having come here in 1846, was born in Cocke County, Tenn., March 17, 1826, being the son of William and Nancy Neil (Jester) Williams. The former's birth occurred in North Carolina, in 1788 or 1789, where he was reared and educated, afterward going to Tennessee, where he married and resided for a time. In 1846 he came to Arkansas, and settled in Hot Spring (now Saline) County. Several years after he moved to Liberty Township, and located a farm of eighty acres, making it his home until his death in 1863. He served in the Creek War of 1812-14, under Gen. Jackson. His wife survived until 1887, when she died at the advanced age of eighty-nine years. Jacob Williams was reared and educated in Tennessee, Georgia and Alabama, his usual occupation in life being somewhat interrupted by the mutterings of war. In 1846 he joined the army of Gen. Wool, and went to Mexico, to participate in that struggle, there engaging in the battle of Beuna Vista, where he was wounded with a Mexican lance, and seriously injured. The friendship existing between Mr. Williams and Gen. Taylor was indeed strong and sincere. In 1847 the subject of this sketch was married to Miss Mary J. Rippetoe, a native of Tennessee, and a daughter of James Rippetoe, one of the early pioneers of Central Arkansas. By this union seven children were born, three now living: Isaac, Calvin and William, all married and living in Arkansas. Mrs. Williams died in 1861, mourned by all who knew her. Though not a member of any church, she was a loving mother and wife. In 1863 Mr. Williams married again, Mrs. Amanda Sherman, the widow of Michael Sherman, and a native of Alabama, becoming his wife. Three children have been born of this union, two now living: John B. and Jehu. After his first marriage Mr. Williams settled in Hot Spring (now Garland) County, where he resided for three years, later selling this property and purchasing land on the South Fork of Saline River, where he made his home for twenty-two years. In 1874 he came to the farm where he now resides, consisting of 360 acres, of which sixty are improved, and yield excellent crops of corn, cotton and oats. At the beginning of the war, Mr. Williams enlisted in the Confederate army, and with the exception of one year at home, on account of his wife's sickness and death, served until the close of hostilities. He was in the cavalry service, and accompanied Price on his raid through Missouri, finally surrendering in Texas, in the summer of 1865. He has been justice of the peace since before the war. Himself and family are members of the Pine Baptist church, and he belongs to Fair Play Lodge of the A. F. & A. M. He is a Democrat, and exerts no little influence politically in his county, generally being appointed judge of election. The school board find in him one of their influential and popular members. William W. Williams, a farmer of Jefferson Township, Saline County, is a native resident of this county, having been born in 1846. He was the youngest in a family of nine children which blessed the union of William W. and Sarah (Lindsey) Williams, of North Carolina and Kentucky birth, respectively. His father was one of the pioneer settlers of Saline County. He entered a tract of land in this county, on which he lived at the time of his death in 1854, his wife surviving him until 1876. Our subject's maternal grandfather (Lindsey) came from Kentucky in 1825, together with six of his children, and settled in Saline County, Ark., entering land in Saline Township. These children were as follows: Polly, Betsy, Nancy, Sarah, John and Caleb, all married and settled in Saline County. The county at that time was mostly uninhabited, and Mr. Lindsey's nearest neighbor was fifteen miles distant. Many nights were heard the growling of bears and other wild animals around his house. On one occasion, Mr. Williams' father hearing a hog squealing early in the morning began an investigation, and found a large bear attacking the "porker." The wild beast, seeing the intruder, made for him, compelling Mr. Williams to climb a tree, with the bear after him. Thus they remained until help from the house arrived. In those early days the general mode of cultivation was with ploughs made of wood, the corn being ground by hand. William Williams, Jr., was early made acquainted with farm labor. He was educated in the common schools, and enlisted, in Columbia County in 1862, for three years under Capt. Errins, taking part in the siege of Vicksburg, the battles of Corinth and Jenkins' Ferry and other engagements, and was paroled in 1865 in Natchitoches, La. He served in the Nineteenth Arkansas Infantry one year, and afterward in the heavy artillery to the close of the war, when he returned to Columbia County and in 1865 came to Saline County, engaging again in farming. IN 1882 Mr. Williams entered 115 acres of land, on which he erected a house and commenced improving his land. Subsequently he bought forty acres more, having now a farm of 155 acres, eighty of which are under cultivation, he having cleared sixty-five acres himself. Mr. Williams was married in this county in 1868 to Cordelia Roberts, a native of Tennessee, and daughter of T. J. and Polly (Hawser) Roberts, both of whom came here from Tennessee and still survive. Mr. and Mrs. Williams are the parents of seven children, five living and two dead: Florence (now Mrs. Templeton, of Pulaski County), Jeff, Clara, Estella (deceased), Isabella (deceased), Daisy and Hattie. They are both members of the Baptist Church. Mr. Williams takes a great interest in the growing of fine fruit. He is a substantial citizen, and enjoys wide and favorable respect. J. B. Wilson, one of the oldest farmers of Saline County, came upon the stage of action in the State of Tennessee in the year 1813, being the fourth child born to Joel and Christnie (Buckley) Wilson, natives, respectively, of North Carolina and Tennessee. Joel Wilson was a farmer by occupation, moving to Tennessee when but a lad. He was married about 1804 and became the father of thirteen children, four of whom are known to be living: John B. (the subject of this sketch), Theresa, Emily and Holland. The three sisters live in Dixon County, Tenn. Mrs. Wilson died in 1869. Joel Wilson was first married in 1797, and had by this marriage three children: Elisha, Sarah and Mary, all supposed to be dead. Mr. Wilson served through the Revolutionary War as a private, and died about 1833. J. B. Wilson was reared to farm life and educated in the country schools of his county. At the age of eighteen he married and began farming for himself on rented land. After four or five years he purchased land in Humphreys County, where he lived until 1849, when he sold out and came to this State, settling in Beaver Township, Saline County. He bought 160 acres of land with but a cabin on it, later entered eighty acres, and now owns 300 acres, with forty acres improved. Mr. Wilson was married the first time, in 1833, to Miss Saline Graves, of Tennessee, and by her became the father of six children (two now living): John (farmer, married and lives in Saline County), Washington (farmer, lives in Pulaski County, this State), Thomas Dean and Thomas W. (deceased, family resides in this county), Jane (deceased wife of James Canada, family resides in this county), Margaret (deceased wife of B. Chastne), Archibald (deceased). Mrs. Wilson was a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, dying in 1851. Mr. Wilson was married the second time to Mrs. Mary Hall, in 1864. She was a daughter of Griffen and Nancy (Sanford) Bruner, natives of Alabama. Mr. Bruner moved to Texas about 1876, where he died two years later. Mrs. Bruner died in Alabama. Mrs. Wilson came to this State in 1858, with her first husband, Mr. Hall, who died in the Confederate army in 1862. J. B. Wilson was one of the very early settlers in this vicinity, the county having only 900 voters when he came: now it has 2,000. He was elected to the office of justice of the peace in his township in 1850, and has served in that office ever since, with the exception of three or four years during the war, making his tenure of office the longest on record in the county, if not in the State. He served six years in Tennessee as justice of the peace, and forty-five years here, making fifty-one years in all. Hundreds of couples have been united in the bonds of wedlock by him. He never served in any war, being opposed to the Civil War, though he supported the cause of the South in the struggle. In 1874 he united with the Missionary Baptist Church, his wife belonging to the same congregation. He is a strong Democrat, and has always befriended the public schools. He is a liberal donator to the Baptist Church and all public enterprises. Frank Woosley, proprietor of one of the potteries of Benton, Saline County, Ark., was born in Ohio, in the year 1849, and came to this State in 1878. He is the son of Elijah and Angeline (Brock) Woosley, natives of Ohio. Elijah Woosley was a farmer by occupation, living in Ohio until his death, which occurred in 1854. He was twice married. The first wife was Miss Hutton, who became by him the mother of four children, only one now living, John, residing in Kansas. Mrs. Woosley dying about 1846, the father was again married in 1848. By his last wife there were two children: Frank (who forms the subject of this sketch) and Sarah E. (the wife of John S. Moon). Mrs. Woosley still survives her husband, living in Ohio. The son Frank left home at the age of twenty-six years and began the struggle for existence on his own accord, as a farmer in his native State. In 1878, becoming tired of farming, he left the old homestead and came west to this county, where he worked at the pottery business for two years as a hired hand; he then rented the works and commenced for himself, and in 1884 bought the property with ninety-one acres of land attached. He now turns out annually about 60,000 gallons of fine crockery (jugs, jars, churns, etc.) of a very superior quality. The clay is all found on the property, and is of an excellent variety. He finds ready sale for his wares in Little Rock and other parts of the State. In 1882 Mr. Woosley was married to Mrs. Hattie E. Hyten, a native of New York, reared in Iowa. She was the widow of John F. Hyten, and the mother of five children. Of them four are now living: Lee E., Paul H., Mabel J. and Charles D.; the one deceased was Maud. By her second marriage Mrs. Woosley became the mother of one child, Fred, who was born in 1887. Her first husband died in 1881. He was a potter by trade. During his residence in Ohio Mr. Woosley served as township trustee, and since coming west to this county he has filled the office of school director with credit to himself. He is a member of the A. F. & A. M, and a stanch Democrat, being recognized also as one of Benton's popular residents. William D. Wray, an extensive farmer of Union Township, Saline County, was born in Jefferson County, Ind., in 1824, the son of Joseph and Mary J. (Collins) Wray. Joseph Wray came to Indiana about the year 1819, entering and improving eighty acres of land, where he remained until his death, in 1841. He was the father of eleven children, nine living till maturity: Coran (deceased, wife of a Mr. Harrison), Alexander (deceased), Amanda (deceased), David, John, Parmelia Thomas and Mary J. (deceased), leaving only one the youngest, William D., our subject, in the land of the living. Mrs. Wray died in 1832, as a member of the Presybterian Church. W. D. Wray, at the age of twenty-two years, began farming on rented land in Indiana, where he remained until 1851. Then coming to this State, he settled on the place where he now lives. In 1857 he bought forty acres of land, remained upon it until 1863, and then purchased his present farm of 160 acres. He has since added to his property 320 acres, unimproved, and 200 acres of improved land, making a total of 720 acres, with about 230 acres under cultivation. He joined neither army during the war, and was not molested in the least by marauders. Mr. Wray has been three times married; first, to Sarah Lyon, on April 30, 1846. By this marriage there were six children, four now living: Mary J. (wife of Dave Robertson), Agnes (wife of James Barron), Joseph (who lives in this county), Alfred (also of this county). Mrs. Wray was a member of the Baptist Church and died in 1862. The following year Mr. Wray was married to Elizabeth Henderson, who bore him six children, three of whom survive: Sarah (wife of John Thompson), Elizabeth M. (deceased wife of James Cain), William (at home), and James (at home). The second Mrs. Wray was also a member of the Baptist Church, and died in the month of May, 1877. In October, 1877, Mr. Wray married Mary L. Hutchison, who became the mother of seven children, four now living: Zorah, Lewis, Coran and Martha E. The present Mrs. Wray is a member of the Baptist Church, while her husband belongs to Ionic Lodge No. 377, A. F. & A. M. Politically Mr. Wray is Democratic. He is one of the most earnest of public-spirited men, faithfully supporting all worthy public enterprises, donating liberally to the churches and schools of his county, and standing constantly ready to assist in anything that will alleviate the sufferings of humanity. M. L. Young, for a long time a well-known farmer and stock raiser of Shaw Township, is a native of Georgia, and was born in Carroll County, that State, on June 4, 1833, being the second in a family of four children born to John J. and Jane (McDawell) Young, natives of South Carolina and Georgia. John J. Young was a millwright, and for years was engaged as a contractor, building mills in Georgia and Alabama. For eight years prior to his death, which occurred in 1840, he resided in Calhoun County, Ala., his estimable wife surviving him until 1852. Her death took place in the Choccolocco Valley, Ala. They were both members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mrs. Young belonged to an old family of McDawells in Georgia, whose names are very familiar to readers of Georgia history, they having been prominent and influential people. Of the four children born to them only two are now living: J. J. Young (a farmer in Alabama) and M. L. (the subject of this sketch). He was reared on a farm, and received his education in the common schools of Alabama and Georgia, but when quite a young man was thrown upon his own resources by the death of his mother. Beginning work as a farm hand, the first year his salary was $8 per month, the next $16 and the third year $20. He improved every advantage that presented itself for schooling, and the fourth year after his mother's death attended the high-school at Gadsden, Ala. After completing his studies here he again resumed agricultural labor, this time renting land in Gadsden, farming in the summer and working at his trade (carriage making) in the winter. In 1857 Mr. Young was married to Miss Sarah E. Christopher, a daughter of William and Eliza (Hardy) Christopher, natives of North Carolina and Georgia. Mrs. Young was born in Georgia, February 1, 1838. To this union have been giving the following children: Frances Ida (born April 11, 1858, and the wife of Leonidas Brumbelow, a farmer of Grand County, Ark.), Genora A. B. (born December 11, 1859, and wife of N. B. Manning, of Saline County), J. C. (born December 4, 1860, married and resides in Saline County), Alter C. (born April 25, 1864, died September 28, 1885, as the wife of James Martin, of Saline County), D. A. M. (born October 15, 1866, and a brakeman on the St. Louis & Iron Mountain Railroad), John R. (born September 26, 1868, a farmer, in Saline County), Joseph L. (born October 24, 1870, died August 21, 1874), Margaret A. (born May 26, 1872, died October 15, 1888), Bessie E. (born April 16, 1874), Susan O. E. (born May 1, 1876), and O. L. (born July 2, 1879). After his marriage Mr. Young lived in Alabama until 1860, when he came to Bradley County, Ark., where he enlisted in Weaver's company, Nineteenth Arkansas Infantry, and remained till the close of the war. He participated in the battles of Shiloh, Corinth and Fort Pillow, and can say, what but very few can, that he was never wounded or taken prisoner during his entire service. After the battle of Corinth he became ill, and was sent home where he remained for one year. He rejoined the army at Shreveport, La., in 1864, and was paroled at the same place in 1865. In 1868 Mr. Young's family moved to Claiborne Parish, La., where Mr. Young joined them after the war. They remained there until 1867, when they moved to Ouachita County, Ark., one year later locating in Saline County. In 1871 he homesteaded eighty acres, and after a short time added eighty acres more, until he owned eighty acres in a fine state of cultivation, the rich soil of which yields excellent crops of cotton, corn, oats and potatoes. Mr. Young's opinion is that a farmer should make his land produce what he lives on, and he certainly does, for his crops have long been the admiration of the surrounding country. He votes with the Democratic party, but is not a political enthusiast. Huey Lodge No. 95, A. F. & A. M., counts him as a member, and he is also a Wheeler. Mr. Young and family are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and he lends his hearty support to all enterprises, educational and otherwise. While at Shreveport with the army he was engaged in the engineer department, doing carpenter work, and had charge of the ponton and railroad trestle department. He has recently emigrated to the northwest portion of Texas to make it his home. Samuel M. Henderson, owner and proprietor of the Benton Jug Factory at Benton, established in 1885, was born in Saline County in the year 1842, and is a son of Samuel T. and Belinda (Bland) Henderson, born in Maury County, Tennessee, in 1814, and (now) Saline County, Arkansas, in 1815, respectively. The father came to Saline County about the year 1834, and was married three years later. He resided here until 1852, and then moved to Garland County, where he remained until 1863, changing his location at that time to Texas until after the war. On his return to Arkansas he settled at Benton, where he passed the remainder of his days. He was a prominent miller and farmer, a leading merchant at Benton, and was held in high esteem by the entire county. In secret orders he was a member of Hot Springs Lodge, A. F. & A. M., for many years, and took a deep interest in Masonic affairs. He served through the Seminole War with distinction in Florida, and was known as one of the best strategists in Indian warfare. Before the War of the Rebellion he had accumulated considerable property which was all destroyed and lost during that event, but he afterward recovered the greater part of his fortune by industry, good management and fine business tact. He was a son of the Rev. Samuel Henderson, of South Carolina, a noted Missionary Baptist minister, who came to Saline County, Arkansas, in 1833, and established the first church of his denomination erected in that county, the Spring Creek Church, at Benton. He also organized churches at various places in Arkansas, and built the first Missionary Baptist Church in Perry County. Eleven children were born to him and his wife, some of them attaining high prominence in public and commercial life, and of whom only two are yet living. His father was one of four brothers who came from Ireland to America at an early period, and settled at Charleston, South Carolina The maternal grandfather, Rev. Jesse Bland, was a Baptist minister and one of the pioneer preachers of Saline County, having come here from Kentucky in 1833. He was one of the most original and unique characters in that county, being known by the cognomen of "Old Hardside," but withal a powerful and eloquent speaker whose voice could hold his hearers spellbound for hours, as they listened to the words that fell from his lips. In his boyhood days his father's entire family was massacred by Indians in Kentucky, and he alone escaped death, but was taken by the red men and reared among them until he reached his twelfth year, when he was sold to the whites. Samuel M. Henderson, the principal in this sketch, was the third of nine children born to his parents, and was educated in the public schools of his birthplace. He served four years through the Civil War, and was a member of Company C, Third Arkansas Cavalry, holding the rank of lieutenant, and taking part in the battles of Iuka, Corinth, all though the Alabama campaign and a number of hard skirmishes. He was with Gen. Johnston at the surrender, and afterward returned home, where he was married, in March, 1865, to Antonia, daughter of Dickerson and Nancy Futrell, who moved from Mississippi to Saline County about the year 1850, where the mother died in 1865. Twelve children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Henderson, of whom five sons and three daughters are yet living. Soon after his marriage he moved with his wife to Texas, where he was engaged in merchandising and trading in beef, cattle, and various commodities until 1870, when he returned to Saline County and commenced farming. He remained at this calling until 1879, and then embarked in milling, and also railroading for awhile, until he branched off into the pottery business, which he has fostered and managed with such good judgment, that it is now one of the best paying industries in Saline County. His establishment has a capacity of 5,000 gallons jugs per week, employing on an average of twelve people, and is using the latest improved clay crusher, manufactured at Roseville, Ohio. In politics, Mr. Henderson is a strong supporter of the Democratic party; and cast is first vote for Seymour in 1868. In secret societies he is a member of Monticello Lodge No. 62, A. F. & A. M., and the K. of H. at Benton. In religious faith he and wife are Methodists in good standing.