Scott County Arkansas Biographies

SCOTT COUNTY ARKANSAS

The material transcribed below is from a special edition of the Scott County Advertiser newspaper of 3 April 1991, entitled "A Salute to Scott County Citizens 90 Years and Over." The interviews were done as part of a celebration of the Bank of Waldron's 90th anniversary. They are arranged alphabetically for presentation here. Pictures were included with these short biographies.

BALLARD, Ivis: Ivis Ballard was born in Scott County on February 28, 1901 to Thomas J. and Mollie Johnson Ballard. With the exception of two years spent in Wyoming, Ivis has spent his entire life in Scott County. On January 25, 1920 he married Attie May Craig who had been his sweetheart since first grade. Children of the couple are Wesley Leon Ballard of Waldron and T.J. Ballard (deceased.) Ivis attended school at Waldron and Union Grove, and attends the Pentecostal Church of God.

BLACK, Grace: Grace Black was born in Durham, Kansas October 18, 1895 to Allen and Cora Borton. In 1914 she came to Scott County and has been here ever since. She married Addicus Black (deceased 13 years) in 1919, and the couple were the parents of three children: Cora Lee Ken of Dallas, TX; Raymond Black (deceased) of Mena; and Florence Nix of Dallas, TX. Grace also has 7 grandsons and 13 great grandchildren, all boys except 3. Grace went to school at Searcy, is a member of the Methodist Church, and worked at Parsley's 10c Store, the Mena Shirt Factory, and at the old Seaman's Store in Waldron. She also sewed for the public for many years. She has a whole tabloid of her life to pass on to her descendants.

BLISS, H.C: The timber business has been a way of life for H.C. Bliss, who retired from International Paper Company in 1965. He still is a tree farmer, with 150 acres in Scott County. He has held the title of "Tree Farmer of the Year" three times. He was born at Mineral Point, Wisconsin, September 15, 1900, and came to Waldron 45 years ago. He remembers a time when he was buying timber that posts were valued at one cent each, and pine saw timber at ten cents per thousand. H.C. fooled Uncle Sam about his age and joined the service at age 17. He was sent overseas to France where he was involved in four major World War I battles. During that time he celebrated his 18th birthday. He and his wife Pauline have 3 children: Harold C. Jr. of Ft. Smith, Charles H. of Waldron, and Jo Carolyn Bobbet of Fort Smith.

BOYD, Marion Holland: Marion Holland Boyd was born February 16, 1901 to William and Della Rawlings Hennings, West Union, Iowa. She attended school in Purtle, Oklahoma. She and her husband, C.R. Boyd, presently live in Mansfield. Marion lived in Waldron 12 years, where she served as a bookkeeper and receptionist for her son-in-law, Dr. Harold B. Wright. Her children are: Elsie Wright of Waldron, Carol Bitticks of Albuquerque, New Mexico, Dale Holland of Kansas City, Missouri, and Jane Raiford of Little Rock.

BURNETT, Winnie: Winnie Burnett was born in Sebastian County, Arkansas on December 2, 1898 to Della and John Clark. She was one of thirteen children. She is a protestant and has one stepson, Denver Jones of Waldron. She became a resident of Pinewood Nursing Home March 31, 1985.

CARPENTER, Ruth Valerie: Ruth Carpenter was born April 9, 1899 in Montgomery County, Arkansas. She was the daughter of Theoddisha and Jefferson Pope. Her husband was the late Walter Carpenter. She has two sons, Allen of Boles, Arkansas, and Ray of Ohio. She is a Baptist, and became a resident of Pinewood Nursing Home December 29, 1986.

CARRUTH, Alice: Alice Carruth was born August 12, 1892 in Oklahoma (then Indian Territory.) Her parents were Eli and Amanda Tooman. She was one of nine children. She married Walt Carruth in Carnegie, Oklahoma on October 16, 1911. They had seven children including three sons: Warren and Glen, both deceased; Leon Carruth of Oklahoma; four daughters: Elizabeth, deceased, Mrs. Delores Lee of Waldron, Waldine Stevens of Giddings, Texas, and Dorothy Hurdt of Bay City, Texas. She is a member of First Baptist Church of Bay City, Texas. Her hobbies include flower gardening, quilting and cooking. She came to live with her daughter Delores in Waldron in May of 1979 because of poor health and became a resident of Pinewood in August of 1979. She has 21 grandchildren and 25 great grandchildren.

CONDRY, Silas "Pete": Silas "Pete" Condry was born December 21, 1899 to Monroe and Anna (Suddeth) Condry, near Mansfield. He attended school at Rock Creek and at Mansfield. Pete never married. He is a World War I veteran, and worked for the Rock Island and Frisco Railroads for years. Pete enjoys reading, and has had one of the finest gardens in Mansfield for many years. He is a lifelong resident of Scott County.

DALTON, Margie: Margie Dalton was born October 22, 1898 in Norman, Arkansas, the daughter of James A. and Allie (O'Neal) Jones. Her husband was the late Pat Dalton. She has lived in Scott County for 60 years. They had three children, the late Bert B. Dalton, and J.A. Dalton and Joann Dozier both of Waldron. Mrs. Dalton attended school at Mt. Ida, John Brown University, and the University of Arkansas. She was a public school teacher for 15 years and a state social worker for 30 years. When she moved to Waldron in the early 30's, "there were no paved streets, no city water or sewer system, no industry except Burnett Lumber Company and a few small sawmills throughout the county. W.P.A. and C.C.C. and other tax supported agencies were necessary to maintain a meager living for local people, (The WPA built the present courthouse.) Scott County roads were impassable at times, and many were never worked because the county didn't have the money. Sometimes when traveling the roads, you had to park and walk two or three miles to reach your destination. With industry, paved roads, good county dirt roads, parks and lakes, Scott County has come a long way." Mrs. Dalton is a member of the First Baptist Church of Waldron.

EVANS, John E: John E. Evans was born March 6, 1900, in Montague County, Texas, to John B. and Virginia Evans. The family moved to Abilene, Texas, where he attended grade school. In 1918 the Evans family moved to the Sacramento Mountains of New Mexico. Mr. Evans married Myrtle Dustman, whom he met at Hardin Simmons University, and was married to her for 50 years. She passed away several years ago. He is now married to Artela (Bullock) Evans. He has lived in Scott County for 52 years, including 32 in Cauthron and 20 in Southwest Waldron. He was pastor of Pleasant Grove No. 2 Church for 27 1/2 years. Mr. Evans has five children, Leon B. Evans of Huntsville, Ala., Ophelia Ann Oliver of Waldron, La Moine Evans of Keota, Okla., Nada Lee Currier of Waldron and John Harold Evans of Waldron. Mr. Evans says: "I have dealt with the Bank of Waldron for about 50 years and have borrowed money to do everything from paying hospital bills to stocking the ranch with cattle and building a house for the family to live in." He also recollects that "...before the days of Soil Conservation, Bill Piles, then President of the Bank of Waldron, took B.S. Hinkle, who was County Agent, to Washington to see Hugh Bennett, who was Secretary of Agriculture, and that is how the Soil Erosion Demonstration Project of Scott County was formed. This was the forerunner of the present Soil Conservation Service."

FRANKLIN, Fonie: (Deceased 3-24-91) Fonie Franklin was born to Buck and Sudie Franklin at Parks, Arkansas, February 13, 1901. He was a Scott County resident for 90 years. He and his wife Argie (deceased) had one son, Thurman J. Franklin. Fonie was a retired farmer and attended Parks Methodist Church. He had 3 grandchildren and 4 great grandchildren.

FULLER, Martha: Martha (Waltman) Fuller was born July 3, 1896 to William And Mary (Schroeder) Waltman. Her parents were originally from Germany and settled in Johnson County, Arkansas in 1886. She had two brothers, William and Henry Waltman and a sister, Emma (Waltman) Daniels. The Waltman family moved to Mena in 1904, where Martha met and married her husband, the late James G. Fuller in 1920. The Fullers had no children. A hard worker, Martha assisted her parents in the operation of a dairy farm and worked as a private secretary for the former Kelly Stratton Co. of Mena. When first admitted to Pinewood Nursing Home, she roomed with her sister Emma. In 1984 she participated in the District 2 Nursing Home's Queen Pageant and was awarded the title "Ms. Pretty Hair." She is still very active in Nursing Home and community affairs, and is a member of the Lutheran Church.

GENTRY, Lima: Lima Gentry is a lifelong resident of Scott County, having been born here November 22, 1900. She currently resides in the Birdsview community. Her parents were George and Laura Frazier. In her youth, she and Roscoe Gentry lived across the creek from each other, and when he returned from service during World War II, she married him. The couple had three children, Doris Bottoms of Waldron, June Pugh of Waldron, and Ivis Gentry of DeSoto, Texas. Lima attended the Liberty school and the Waldron school, and has been a member of Birdsview Methodist Church since she was 18 years old. Her occupation was housewife, which covers many, many duties. She has six grandsons, 1 granddaughter, and three great granddaughters.

GRAHAM, Floye Dee: Floye Dee Graham was born at Waltreak, Arkansas on September 10, 1900. Her children are two sons, Lester Graham of Arizona and Odean Graham of Waldron; two daughters, Bevie Moore of Van Buren, and Evelyn Horne of Fort Smith. She is a Baptist, and is the former owner of an antique shop. She became a resident of Pinewood July 22, 1986.

HALE, Grace: Grace (Peterson) Hale was born June 6, 1897 in Bexar County, Texas. Her parents were Matilda (Kirby) and Robert Peterson. She has four brothers and two sisters and is a Methodist. She entered Pinewood Nursing Home January 9, 1989.

HAWKINS, Arthur Boman: Arthur Boman Hawkins was born December 9, 1900 at Parks, and has been a lifelong resident of Scott County. His parents were George and Sarah Hawkins, and he is one of ten children. Arthur and his wife Helen are both residents in the Pinewood Nursing Home. The couple have two children, Harlon Hawkins and Bonnie Hill, both of Parks. Arthur attended school at Parks and Keener, and is a member of the Methodist Church at Parks. Before retirement he was a farmer.

HAWKINS, Bessie Watson: Bessie Watson Hawkins was born to William T. and Mary N. Watson November 6, 1900 in the Greenridge community. The family later moved to Boles where her father ran the Post Office and a General Store. She became engaged to J.B. Hawkins when he was called into service during World War I and she married him in 1919 after his return home. The couple had eight children: Freeda Rose of Parks, Hershal Hawkins of Santa Clara, CA, Theodore (deceased), Harlon M. and Cecil, both of Tulsa; Benoise of Boles, Elois Jones of Mansfield, and Bonnie Eddins of Parks. Descendants also include 15 grandchildren and 28 great grandchildren. She attended Greenridge and Waldron schools and is a Baptist. Her homeplace was sold to the Barkers (Benoise's wife's family.) Benoise now owns the homestead. Bessie was a homemaker who loved to sew and to can fruits and vegetables. She entered Pinewood in 1981.

HENRY, Lizzie (Reed): Lizzie Reed Henry was born June 2, 1890 in Granada, Missouri, to Frank and Alisa Reed. She married Sam Henry in 1906 and they came to Scott County in 1913. They had 5 children: Gilbert Henry (deceased), Kester Henry (deceased), Floyd Henry (deceased), Virgie Ray and Ermine Ray of Waldron. Mrs. Henry attended school at Granada, Mo., and is a member of Harmony Freewill Baptist Church. Her occupation was homemaker and farmer. Ms. Henry loves to read and has a total of 87 descendants.

HOLLEMAN, Susie "Sis": Susie "Sis" Holleman was born in Parks, Arkansas in 1899 to C.A. and Lizzie Parsons. She attended school through the eighth grade in a one room schoolhouse at Dooley. She married John Holleman and they had six children: Charlene Wadkins, Valton Holleman, Monard Holleman, Merle Pryor, Melmo Holleman, and Howard Holleman. She was a homemaker and a member of the Assembly of God Church. She attributes her 91 years to faith in God, and to hard work. She says her greatest work in life was establishing the Needmore Assembly of God Church with the help of Eula Calvert, Hattie Wilson and Miles Lovett.

HUMPHREYS, Willie: Willie Humphreys was born on the family homestead in Little Texas community, Scott County, Arkansas, November 11, 1899 to James and Rosie (Pollard) Kilburn. She was one of 8 children and attended school at Gravelly. She married John Moorehead in 1917 and they had 6 children, two of whom are still living: Mae Shank and Nancy Moorehead, both of Waldron. She married her second husband, Lee Humphreys (now deceased) August 14, 1932. She is a member of the Assembly of God Church and is a homemaker.

JONES, James: James Jones was born to Margaret (George) and Julius Martin Jones in Yell County, Arkansas on August 12, 1893. He was raised at Centerville, Arkansas where he attended school. He is a Methodist and was a miner in his younger days. He had five brothers and three sisters. He is a veteran of World War I, lived in Monroe, LA for 20 years, and traveled a lot, to both the East and West coasts. He and his wife Marie (Brosset) had four sons and three daughters: Virginia Bird of Fort Smith, Douglas M. Jones of Tulsa, Lucille Cowsert of Dallas, James Jones of Boothe, Bobby Ray of Springfield, and Delores Robertson of Boothe.

JONES, Mrs. Minnie: Minnie Jones was born January 20, 1898 at Poplar Bluff, Missouri to Dick and Missouri "Shoat" Carnahan. She attended school in Missouri, Oklahoma and New Mexico. In 1918, the Carnahans came to the Square Rock community. It was here she met her husband Henry. She has lived in the Pilot View community near Tate for 58 years. Their children were Price Jones (deceased) and Anna Hawthorne of Waldron. Minnie is a homemaker and a member of First Baptist Church.

KNIGHT, Mary Grace: Mary Grace Knight was born in Brawling, Arkansas to Andrew and Mary Grace Knight on September 17, 1900, and has been a lifelong resident of Scott County. She was raised and lived in the Cauthron area. One of her strong memories is riding in a waterbucket on a horse when her family went to the fields. Mary Grace never married. She lived with her sister all her life. She was a homemaker, a Methodist, and enjoys Bingo, story telling and paper reading. She entered Pinewood February 5, 1982, and has no living relatives.

KOPF, Clarence: Clarence Kopf was born in Elk City, Kansas, January 4, 1894, to Martin Fred and Sadie (Reynolds) Kopf. He attended school in Kansas, and is a Methodist. He married Maggie Gibson, and took up farming, and also worked in a box factory during World War II. He has been a resident of Scott County for 53 years. He entered Pinewood June 1, 1989.

LANGLEY, Luther: Luther Langley was born in the Friendship community on January 18, 1901 to John and Mary (Brothers) Langley. He attended school at Friendship, and has been a member of the Waldron Assembly of God for 50 years. He has been a citizen of Scott County for 85 years. He and his wife Lois were married in 1923 and they have two children, Wayne Langley of Waldron, and Wanda May Scott of McAlester, Oklahoma. Luther has been a farmer, an Oklahoma Oil Field worker, and has owned stores at Crumptown and Harvey.

McENTIRE, Lou Ella: Lou Ella McEntire was born on April 8, 1897 and has been a lifelong resident of Scott County. Her parents were John and Mollie Burnett. She married Dewey McEntire in 1917, and the couple had five children: Dessie Crain of Waldron, D.W. McEntire of Booneville, Malbert McEntire (deceased), Donna Lava Brown (deceased) and Delbert McEntire (deceased.) The couple has numerous grandchildren and great grandchildren. Lou Ella attended school at Friendship, and is a member of the Church of Christ. She is a homemaker. Her family donated land for the Jubilee Church. Her hobbies include collecting antiques.

MESSICK, Sue: Sue Messick was born in Altus, Oklahoma, November 9, 1900 to Joe and Ollie Smithee. She attended school in Oklahoma, Texas and New Mexico. At age 12 her family moved to Texas and later to New Mexico where she met and married her husband Fred Messick who died in 1979. They had one child, Mary Lee Messick, who lives with her. All three of the Messicks served as missionaries for the Jehovah Witness Church from 1946 until 1963, in the Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico.

METCALF, Linnie: Linnie Metcalf celebrated her 102nd birthday January 24th, 1991. She was born in Ellis County, Texas in 1889, the daughter of the late James T. and Sally Henderson. She is the eldest of 10 children, seven brothers and three sisters, with two brothers still living. She was a resident of Mansfield before coming to Pinewood in October 1987. Her husband, Charlie C. Metcalf still resides at Mansfield. They have no children, but Linnie had three daughters by a previous marriage, and has survived them all. Linnie met Charlie in Stockton, California, and they were later married in Old Mexico. They have been married 36 years. Linnie has been saluted on the "Today" Show by Willard Scott on the occasion of her 100th and 101st birthdays. At age 100 Linnie represented Pinewood Nursing Home in the Ms. Nursing Home Beauty Pageant of District 2 at Fort Smith and received honors of Ms. First Runner-Up.

MITCHELL, Daisy Rodgers: Daisy Rodgers was born in the Cauthron community on June 11, 1895, to Clay and Emma Carnet Rodgers. She attended school through the 8th grade, which was all that was available at Mansfield at that time. She married Emmett Mitchell, and they had five children: Marjorie Hogue of Mansfield, Lawrence and Fred Mitchell of Fort Smith, Alden and Marcille, deceased. She has eight grandchildren and five great grandchildren. She is a member of the Church of the Nazarene at Mansfield, where she taught the young people's Sunday School class for many years, served on the church board and was very active in all church activities. She was a telephone operator for many years, and she and her husband operated the Mansfield Laundry for many years.

MORGAN, Clara: Clara Morgan was born in Boles, Arkansas on February 12, 1901 to George W. and Margaret Ellen (Tolleson) Rose. She was the 5th of 13 children of whom she and one sister are the only ones living. She was a teacher at Johnson Creek and Mill Creek before marriage. She married Richard Phillip Morgan (deceased) September 17, 1924 at Boles. She has lived in Scott County her whole life except for a couple of years spent in Oklahoma. She always wanted to move back to Boles, as nowhere else was home. Clara and Richard had two children, Janice Rogers of Boles, and Richard F. Morgan also of Boles, 6 grandchildren and 1 great grandchild. Her hobbies are handwork and gardening. Ms. Morgan was a charter member of the Boles Freewill Baptist Church, and is still a very active church member.NICHOLS, Hettie: Hettie Nichols was born April 18, 1901 in Polk County, Arkansas to Thomas Jefferson and Ethel Comilla Watts. She was one of six children. She was raised in Scott County and she attended school at Parks and Boles. In 1914 she married Virgle Nichols, and they had three sons, Leon of Waldron, Jeff of Springdale, and Ray of Mansfield. She is a member of the Nazarene [Church] where she was very active, did a lot of gardening, raising flowers, quilting, and playing a "French Harp." She was admitted to Pinewood in 1977.

PILES, Elizabeth Betty: Elizabeth "Betty" Piles was born in Perry, Oklahoma March 7, 1899, to John Andrew Jackson and Virginia (McClain) McQuery. Her parents moved from Oklahoma to a homestead on Henry Mountain before moving to Waldron proper. She married W.B. Piles September 8, 1924, at the age of 25. Their children are Betty Holter and Billie R. Dalton of Waldron, Tommy Piles (deceased at age 10 days) and two adopted sons, James Patrick McQuery of Wichita, Kansas, and Terral Robertson of Waldron. Ms. Piles has 5 grandchildren and 7 great grandchildren. She attended school in Scott County and also taught school here and in California before she married. She later owned and operated Waldron Flower & Gift Shop for several years, and worked for Strout Realty for 15 years. She is past president and a lifetime member of the PTA, and is a past member of the Waldron Garden Club. She enjoys going to the Senior Citizens Center and thinks of herself as a recycled teenager.

POST, Clement: Clement Post was born December 18, 1899, at Altus, Arkansas to Joseph and Katie (Kommenzent) Post. He and his wife Gertrude have 5 sons and 5 daughters. He is a Catholic, and worked at the Malvern, Arkansas Aluminum Plant. He entered Pinewood in April of 1990.

POST, Gertrude: Gertrude Post was born in Atkins, Arkansas November 16, 1898, to Benedict and Amelia (Barcen) Ehemann. She is a Catholic. She married Clem Post and they have five sons and five daughters. She was a homemaker. She entered Pinewood Nursing Home November 11, 1990.

RICE, Winston: Winston Rice was born in Scott County on February 21, 1889. He is the son of Samuel C. and Vesta O. Rice. Winston married Thelma Davis on October 9, 1920, and they were married 67 years prior to her death. They had 5 children, Gerald Rice of Waldron, K. Jack Rice and Audean Rice Taff of Oregon, Junior Rice of Waldron and Vivian Rice of Austin, Texas. Winston attended school at Centerpoint, and is a member of Birdsview Methodist Church. He is a retired farmer, stockman and carpenter. He has 13 grandchildren and 7 great grandchildren.

ROGERS, Cordia Mae: Cordia Mae Rogers, born January 26, 1898 in Scott County, is a lifelong resident of the area. She married Roy Freeman in 1915 and they had four children, all deceased. On October 1, 1931, she married Granville Rogers. They had four children including Charlie and Albert of Y-City and two that are deceased. She has 12 grandchildren, 22 great grandchildren 9 great great grandchildren. She is a homemaker and belongs to Union Church of Y-City.

SELF, Arvil A: Arvil Self was born October 8, 1891 in Greenridge, Arkansas to Alvin and Rebekah Self. He has made his home in Scott County for the past 88 years, after his parents moved to Waldron when he was 10 years old. He attended schools in the Greenridge community and at Waldron, in an old four room red school building on Danville Road. Professor Allen was a teacher, along with Home Smith and a lady teacher. The boys played Rugby, with a ball about the size of a basketball. Mr. Self was featured in the Rural Arkansas Magazine about three years ago. Mr. Self's children are B.A. Self, now deceased, Bill Self and Freddye Martin both of Waldron, and Eugene Self. His church affiliation is Methodist.

SNELLGROVE, Arthur: Arthur Snellgrove was born in Indian Territory at what is now New Midill, Oklahoma, April 30, 1900. His parents were Norman and Ida Elizabeth (Shillings) Snellgrove. He has been a resident of Scott County in the Cauthron community for 56 years. He and his late wife Mattie had two children, Buster C. Snellgrove and Bessie Ruth Arp. Mr. Snellgrove has served as a pastor in California, Waldron, and Bates. He is a member of the Pentecostal Church of God of America and is also a retired farmer.

STACY, William Overton: William O. Stacy was born in Indian Territory, later Oklahoma, October 8, 1899, to W.F. and Emma Stacy. He and his wife Jamie, who lives in Mansfield, had four children: James Stacy of Cheyenne, Wyoming, Lee Harold Stacy (deceased), Hilda Germick (deceased) and Pat Vensusen, of Denver. The Stacys lived in California for 36 years where he worked in a Borax plant. They returned to Arkansas in 1977, where they attended the Church of the Nazarene. He entered Pinewood in November of 1990.

TAFF, C.C. "Bill": C.C. "Bill" Taff was born in Scott County on February 20, 1900 to Calvin Chapman and Sarah Taff. He has been a lifelong resident of Scott County. In November of 1924 he met and married his wife Nora. They had 6 children of which 4 are still living. He attended school at Upper Center Point and is a member of Birdsview Methodist Church. He is a retired farmer and a great story teller.

WHITE, Maggie: Maggie White was born March 2, 1901 in Saline County, Arkansas to Joseph and Elizabeth Davenport. She was raised with four brothers and four sisters. She married William Henry White June 27, 1920, and they lived in and around the Little Rock area before she moved to Waldron in 1982. The couple had 6 children, 5 girls and 1 boy. Still living are: Hattie Layton of Salt Lake City, Utah, Bertha Boothe of Des Moines, Iowa, Marie Bujarski of Waldron and William J. White of Mayflower, Arkansas. Maggie's occupation was homemaker. She enjoys gardening, canning her own vegetables, and working in her flower garden.

WIMBERLY, Jarmon Dorcas: Jarmon Dorcas Wimberly was born December 15, 1897 in Montgomery County, Arkansas to Marion and Jarmon Wilhite. She was one of five children and attended school at Oden. She married George White in the early 20's and they moved to Scott County where they had six children: Arlon, Ocus, George "Pete" (deceased), Faye Jarmon of California and Madge Crawford of Kansas City and Ula (deceased), 22 grandchildren and numerous great grandchildren. She is a protestant, and was a housewife. She liked gardening and playing checkers. She entered Pinewood in 1984.

YOWELL, Ed: Ed Yowell was born in Indian Territory November 2, 1900, to Bud and Myrtle Graves Yowell. He attended school in Crawford County, Arkansas at Uniontown School No. 66, and at the Mountain Home school south of Mansfield. He joined the Church of Christ in 1930. He is a World War I Navy veteran, and worked for Oklahoma Natural Gas Co. He married his wife Minnie in 1951. He has 4 stepchildren, Neado Poole and Harriet Holland, both of Van Buren, Mary Smith of Little Rock, and the late Terry Edwards.